白及组织培养技术及药理作用的研究进展
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摘要
白及是我国传统名贵中药材之一,以块茎用药,药用历史久远,但由于过度采挖导致白及野生资源日趋枯竭。文章针对白及组织培养技术和药理作用的研究现状进行综述,阐明了外植体、激素、添加物等对白及组织培养的影响;白及的抗菌、止血、促进创伤愈合、免疫、保护胃黏膜、抗胃溃疡、抗肿瘤等作用以及在临床上的应用,为其进一步开发利用提供借鉴。
Bletilla striata is a traditional precious herbal medicine of China. At present,6 species of Bletilla Reichb. f. have been found worldwide and they are all distributed in east Asia. There are 4 species in China including Bletilla striafa( Thunb.) Reichb.f. 、Bletilla formosana( Hayata) Schltr. 、Bletilla ochracea Schltr. and Bletilla sinensis( Rolfe) Schltr. It has a long history of medicinal use with drytubers. Modern pharmacological studies show that the pharmacological activities of Bletilla striataare diverse. In recent years,its chemical constituents and pharmacological activities have been further studied showing broad application prospects.With the development of Chinese traditional medicine in China and the expanding of clinical application,the demand for medicine has increased sharply. However,due to over-exploitation,wild resources of Bletilla striata are increasingly exhausted and the price of Bletilla striata has been increasing year by year. Therefore,with the increasing market demand,the decrease of Bletilla striata resources highlights the importance of protecting wild resources of Bletilla striata and developing artificial cultivation techniques. In order to strengthen the protection of wild Bletilla striata resource and study rare medicinal plant Bletilla striata deeply and systematically,in this overview,the author has described the research status of tissue culture technique and pharmacological effects of Bletilla striata providing reference for its further development and utilization. In addition,it also provides a reference for solutions to its resource shortage. The effects of explants,hormones and additives on tissue culture of Bletilla striata have been clarified. Modern researches show that its chemical constituents have pharmacological activities such as anti-microbial,hemostasis,immune,anti-tumor and,anti-gastric ulcer,promoting the wound healing and protecting gastric mucosa. The paper is expected to provide scientific basis for the selection and breeding of genuine medicinal materials,production management,sustainable utilization,clinical application,research direction,reasonable development and quality control of Chinese herbal medicine Bletilla striata.
Bletilla striata is a traditional precious herbal medicine of China. At present,6 species of Bletilla Reichb. f. have been found worldwide and they are all distributed in east Asia. There are 4 species in China including Bletilla striafa( Thunb.) Reichb.f. 、Bletilla formosana( Hayata) Schltr. 、Bletilla ochracea Schltr. and Bletilla sinensis( Rolfe) Schltr. It has a long history of medicinal use with drytubers. Modern pharmacological studies show that the pharmacological activities of Bletilla striataare diverse. In recent years,its chemical constituents and pharmacological activities have been further studied showing broad application prospects.With the development of Chinese traditional medicine in China and the expanding of clinical application,the demand for medicine has increased sharply. However,due to over-exploitation,wild resources of Bletilla striata are increasingly exhausted and the price of Bletilla striata has been increasing year by year. Therefore,with the increasing market demand,the decrease of Bletilla striata resources highlights the importance of protecting wild resources of Bletilla striata and developing artificial cultivation techniques. In order to strengthen the protection of wild Bletilla striata resource and study rare medicinal plant Bletilla striata deeply and systematically,in this overview,the author has described the research status of tissue culture technique and pharmacological effects of Bletilla striata providing reference for its further development and utilization. In addition,it also provides a reference for solutions to its resource shortage. The effects of explants,hormones and additives on tissue culture of Bletilla striata have been clarified. Modern researches show that its chemical constituents have pharmacological activities such as anti-microbial,hemostasis,immune,anti-tumor and,anti-gastric ulcer,promoting the wound healing and protecting gastric mucosa. The paper is expected to provide scientific basis for the selection and breeding of genuine medicinal materials,production management,sustainable utilization,clinical application,research direction,reasonable development and quality control of Chinese herbal medicine Bletilla striata.
引文
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[2]国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典:第一部[S].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2015:95.
[3]任风鸣,刘艳,李滢,等.白及属药用植物的资源分布及繁育[J].中草药,2016,47(24):4478-4487.
[4]苏钛,邱斌,李云.滇产白及类习用药材资源调查及市场利用评价[J].中国野生植物资源,2014,33(5):49-52.
[5]李伟平,何良艳,丁志山.白及的应用及资源现状[J].中华中医药学刊,2012,30(1):158-160.
[6]张燕,黎斌,李思锋.不同培养基上白芨的种子萌发与幼苗形态发生[J].西北植物学报,2009,29(8):1584-1589.
[7]林伊利,李伟平,马丹丹,等.白及组培快繁的实验研究[J].中华中医药学刊,2012,30(2):336-339.
[8]叶静,郑晓君,管常东,等.白芨的无菌萌发与组织培养[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,32(s1):422-425.
[9]田翠英,袁雄强.白芨组织培养快繁技术研究[J].江苏农业科学,2006,(4):75-77.
[10]付志惠,张建霞,李洪林,等.白及种子萌发与快速繁殖技术的研究[J].武汉植物学研究,2006,24(1):80-82.
[11]石云平,赵志国,唐凤鸾,等.白芨愈伤组织诱导、增殖与分化研究[J].中草药,2013,44(3):349-353.
[12]杨嘉伟,朱光明,王康才,等.不同植物生长调节剂对白及种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(30):40-43.
[13]李慧敏,杨冠海,李明静,等.白芨瓶内假鳞茎诱导研究[J].南方农业学报,2013,44(10):1607-1612.
[14]曹剑,黄志伟.不同培养基配方对白及组培苗生根培养的影响[J].四川林业科技,2016,37(3):96-99,53.
[15]韦莹,韦坤华,黄浩,等.白及组织培养及其无性系建立的研究[J].种子,2018,37(5):28-34.
[16]陈玉,张晓芳,朱剑东.中药白芨对变链菌产酸和黏附影响的实验研究[J].牙体牙髓牙周病学杂志,2008,18(7):390-392.
[17]彭芙,万峰,熊亮,等.白及抑菌作用及其活性部位的初步研究[J].时珍国医国药,2013,24(5):1061-1063.
[18]武桂娟,刘泓雨,王红,等.白芨多糖对正常小鼠出、凝血时间影响的实验研究[J].黑龙江中医药,2011,40(3):49-50.
[19]吴久健,孟岳良,邹俪华,等.白及不同提取部位对小鼠止血活性实验[J].药学实践杂志,2011,29(3):206-207.
[20]董莉,董永喜,刘星星,等.白芨多糖对大鼠血小板聚集、凝血功能及TXB2、6-keto-PGF1α表达的影响[J].贵阳医学院学报,2014,39(4):459-462.
[21]孙仁山,陈晓红,成天民,等.白芨对大鼠创面愈合几个要素的影响[J].中国临床康复,2003,7(29):3927-3929.
[22]施伟民,高飞,沈亮亮,等.中药白芨和地榆对角质形成细胞游走的不同影响[J].同济大学学报:医学版,2004,25(4):275-277,282.
[23]俞林花,聂绪强,潘会君,等.白及多糖对糖尿病溃疡创面愈合的作用研究[J].中国中药杂志,2011,36(11):1487-1491.
[24]武桂娟,苏晓悦,夏学丽,等.白芨多糖对大鼠应激性胃溃疡影响的实验观察[J].中医药信息,2011,28(3):43-45.
[25]邱红梅,张颖,周岐新,等.白芨多糖对小鼠免疫功能的调节作用[J].中国生物制品学杂志,2011,24(6):676-678.
[26]柯昌毅,赵春景.白及多糖对溃疡性结肠炎的作用研究[J].中国药房,2011,23:2132-2134.
[27]吕小波,黄春球,武正才,等.白及多糖对胃溃疡大鼠防治作用的实验研究[J].云南中医学院学报,2012,35(1):30-32.
[28]史珍珍,徐正虹,付宇航,等.白及须根醇提物抗胃溃疡作用研究[J].陕西中医学院学报,2015,38(1):63-65.
[29]杨建勇,冯敢生.中药白芨作为栓塞剂运用于骨骼肿瘤的治疗[J].放射实践,1996,11(2):63-66.
[30]孙爱静,庞素秋,王国权,等.白及化学成分与抗肿瘤活性研究[J].中国药学杂志,2016,51(2):101-105.
[31]刘明志,强娜,林芳花.白芨环阿屯烷型三萜的鉴定及抗血管生成活性[J].药物生物技术,2015,22(02):121-124.
[2]国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典:第一部[S].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2015:95.
[3]任风鸣,刘艳,李滢,等.白及属药用植物的资源分布及繁育[J].中草药,2016,47(24):4478-4487.
[4]苏钛,邱斌,李云.滇产白及类习用药材资源调查及市场利用评价[J].中国野生植物资源,2014,33(5):49-52.
[5]李伟平,何良艳,丁志山.白及的应用及资源现状[J].中华中医药学刊,2012,30(1):158-160.
[6]张燕,黎斌,李思锋.不同培养基上白芨的种子萌发与幼苗形态发生[J].西北植物学报,2009,29(8):1584-1589.
[7]林伊利,李伟平,马丹丹,等.白及组培快繁的实验研究[J].中华中医药学刊,2012,30(2):336-339.
[8]叶静,郑晓君,管常东,等.白芨的无菌萌发与组织培养[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,32(s1):422-425.
[9]田翠英,袁雄强.白芨组织培养快繁技术研究[J].江苏农业科学,2006,(4):75-77.
[10]付志惠,张建霞,李洪林,等.白及种子萌发与快速繁殖技术的研究[J].武汉植物学研究,2006,24(1):80-82.
[11]石云平,赵志国,唐凤鸾,等.白芨愈伤组织诱导、增殖与分化研究[J].中草药,2013,44(3):349-353.
[12]杨嘉伟,朱光明,王康才,等.不同植物生长调节剂对白及种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(30):40-43.
[13]李慧敏,杨冠海,李明静,等.白芨瓶内假鳞茎诱导研究[J].南方农业学报,2013,44(10):1607-1612.
[14]曹剑,黄志伟.不同培养基配方对白及组培苗生根培养的影响[J].四川林业科技,2016,37(3):96-99,53.
[15]韦莹,韦坤华,黄浩,等.白及组织培养及其无性系建立的研究[J].种子,2018,37(5):28-34.
[16]陈玉,张晓芳,朱剑东.中药白芨对变链菌产酸和黏附影响的实验研究[J].牙体牙髓牙周病学杂志,2008,18(7):390-392.
[17]彭芙,万峰,熊亮,等.白及抑菌作用及其活性部位的初步研究[J].时珍国医国药,2013,24(5):1061-1063.
[18]武桂娟,刘泓雨,王红,等.白芨多糖对正常小鼠出、凝血时间影响的实验研究[J].黑龙江中医药,2011,40(3):49-50.
[19]吴久健,孟岳良,邹俪华,等.白及不同提取部位对小鼠止血活性实验[J].药学实践杂志,2011,29(3):206-207.
[20]董莉,董永喜,刘星星,等.白芨多糖对大鼠血小板聚集、凝血功能及TXB2、6-keto-PGF1α表达的影响[J].贵阳医学院学报,2014,39(4):459-462.
[21]孙仁山,陈晓红,成天民,等.白芨对大鼠创面愈合几个要素的影响[J].中国临床康复,2003,7(29):3927-3929.
[22]施伟民,高飞,沈亮亮,等.中药白芨和地榆对角质形成细胞游走的不同影响[J].同济大学学报:医学版,2004,25(4):275-277,282.
[23]俞林花,聂绪强,潘会君,等.白及多糖对糖尿病溃疡创面愈合的作用研究[J].中国中药杂志,2011,36(11):1487-1491.
[24]武桂娟,苏晓悦,夏学丽,等.白芨多糖对大鼠应激性胃溃疡影响的实验观察[J].中医药信息,2011,28(3):43-45.
[25]邱红梅,张颖,周岐新,等.白芨多糖对小鼠免疫功能的调节作用[J].中国生物制品学杂志,2011,24(6):676-678.
[26]柯昌毅,赵春景.白及多糖对溃疡性结肠炎的作用研究[J].中国药房,2011,23:2132-2134.
[27]吕小波,黄春球,武正才,等.白及多糖对胃溃疡大鼠防治作用的实验研究[J].云南中医学院学报,2012,35(1):30-32.
[28]史珍珍,徐正虹,付宇航,等.白及须根醇提物抗胃溃疡作用研究[J].陕西中医学院学报,2015,38(1):63-65.
[29]杨建勇,冯敢生.中药白芨作为栓塞剂运用于骨骼肿瘤的治疗[J].放射实践,1996,11(2):63-66.
[30]孙爱静,庞素秋,王国权,等.白及化学成分与抗肿瘤活性研究[J].中国药学杂志,2016,51(2):101-105.
[31]刘明志,强娜,林芳花.白芨环阿屯烷型三萜的鉴定及抗血管生成活性[J].药物生物技术,2015,22(02):121-124.