空气孔硅光子晶体偏振无关3 dB分光器
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摘要
提出并成功设计了基于自准直马赫-曾德尔干涉仪(SMZI)的空气孔硅光子晶体偏振无关3dB分光器。介绍了采用偏振透射谱匹配的方法,SMZI可以实现偏振无关分束的基础理论。通过连续改变SMZI两臂的光程差,基于匹配两个偏振的透射谱,成功实现了在归一化频率下将TE偏振和TM偏振的入射自准直光束进行1∶1分光。最后,利用时域有限差分数值模拟软件计算出来的TE偏振瞬时磁场分布图和TM偏振瞬时电场分布图验证了自准直光束的分光情况。结果显示:如果将工作波长定在1 550nm,该偏振无关3dB分光器大小仅为16.7μm×16.7μm。由于具有尺寸微小、结构简单并使用单一硅材料等特性,该分光器有望应用于集成光路中。
A Polarization-independent 3dB Beam Splitter(PIBS)based on a self-collimation Mach-Zehnder Interferometer(SMZI)in a hole-type silicon photonic crystal(PhC)is proposed and successfully designed.According to theoretical analysis,it shows that the SMZI can implement the polarizationindependent beam splitting by utilizing polarization transmission matching method.Then,by changing the path length difference of the SMZI continuously,the same splitting ratio 1∶1of self-collimation beams for both transverse-electric(TE)modes and transverse-magnetic(TM)modes is obtained at the operating frequency of 0.177 4c/abased on matching two polarization transmission spectra.This behavior of the PIBS is also numerically demonstrated with the magnetic-field distribution for TE polarization and the electric-field distribution for TM polarization calculated by the time domain finite difference numerical simulation software.The results show that the dimension of the 3dB PIBS is on-ly 16.7μm×16.7μm when its working wavelength is at 1 550 nm.With its small dimensions,simple structure and single silicon material,this 3dB PIBS may have practical applications in future photonic integrated circuits.
A Polarization-independent 3dB Beam Splitter(PIBS)based on a self-collimation Mach-Zehnder Interferometer(SMZI)in a hole-type silicon photonic crystal(PhC)is proposed and successfully designed.According to theoretical analysis,it shows that the SMZI can implement the polarizationindependent beam splitting by utilizing polarization transmission matching method.Then,by changing the path length difference of the SMZI continuously,the same splitting ratio 1∶1of self-collimation beams for both transverse-electric(TE)modes and transverse-magnetic(TM)modes is obtained at the operating frequency of 0.177 4c/abased on matching two polarization transmission spectra.This behavior of the PIBS is also numerically demonstrated with the magnetic-field distribution for TE polarization and the electric-field distribution for TM polarization calculated by the time domain finite difference numerical simulation software.The results show that the dimension of the 3dB PIBS is on-ly 16.7μm×16.7μm when its working wavelength is at 1 550 nm.With its small dimensions,simple structure and single silicon material,this 3dB PIBS may have practical applications in future photonic integrated circuits.
引文
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[16]LI J,WU F G,ZHONG H L,et al..Acoustic beam splitting in two-dimensional phononic crystals using self-collimation effect[J].Joural of Applied Physics,2015,118:144903.
[2]WITZENS J,LONCAR M,SCHERER A.Selfcollimation in planar photonic crystals[J].IEEE J.Sel.Topics Quantum Electron.,2002,8(6):1246-1257.
[3]WU L,MAZILU M.Beam steering in planar-photonic crystals:from superprism to supercollimator[J].Lightwave Technology,2003,21:561-566.
[4]YU X,FAN S.Bends and splitters for self-collimated beams in photonic crystals[J].Applied Physics Letter,2003,83(16):3251-3253.
[5]PAKICH P T,DAHLEMM S.Achieving centimetre-scale supercollimation in a large-area two-dimensional photonic crystal[J].Nature Materials,2006,5(31):93-96.
[6]PRATHER D W,SHI S.Self-collimation in photonic crystal structures:a new paradigm for applications and device development[J].Physics,2007,40(9):2635-2651.
[7]ZHAO D Y,CHEN X Y.Photonic crystal MachZehnder interferometer based on self-collimation[J].Applied Physics Letter,2007,90(23):231114.
[8]ZABELIN V.Self-collimating photonic crystal polarization beam splitter[J].Optics Letter,2007,32(5):530-532.
[9]WANG Y F,QIU Y S,CHEN X Y,et al..Transmission spectrum of beam splitter based on photonic crystal[J].SPIE,2007,6838:683804.
[10]ILIEW R,ETRICH C,PERTSCH T,et al..Subdiffractive all-photonic crystal Fabry-Perot resonators[J].Optics Letter,2008,33:2695-2697.
[11]CHEN X Y,QIANG Z X,ZHAO D Y,et al..Polarization-independent drop filters based on photonic crystal self-collimation ring resonators[J].Optics Express,2009,17(22):19808-19813.
[12]KIM T T,LEE S G,PARK H Y,et al..Asymmetric Mach-Zehnder filter based on self-collimation phenomenon in two-dimensional photonic crystals[J].Optics Express,2010,18(6):5384-5389.
[13]ZHUANG D X,CHEN X Y.The 1×4optical splitters based on silicon photonic crystal self-collimation ring resonators[J].Chinese Physics Letter,2012,29(12):124201.
[14]LIN G M,CHEN X Y.1×4optical multiplexer based on the self-collimation effect of 2Dphotonic crystal[J].Optik,2014,125(16):4322-4326.
[15]CHEN X Y,ZHAO D Y,QIANG Z X,et al..Polarization-independent Fabry-Perot interferometer in a hole-type silicon photonic crystal[J].Applied Optics,2010,49(30):5878-5881.
[16]LI J,WU F G,ZHONG H L,et al..Acoustic beam splitting in two-dimensional phononic crystals using self-collimation effect[J].Joural of Applied Physics,2015,118:144903.