基于快速响应及成本控制的风场备件管控模型
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摘要
研究风场备件精益管理问题,建立风场备件最优订货量模型、最优库存分配模型、最优响应方式模型。对模型进行数值分析得出结论:备件价格及残值不变时,最优订货量及期望总成本随缺货成本增加而增加;备件价格及缺货成本不变时,最优订货量随备件残值增加而增加,期望总成本随备件残值增加而下降;备件残值及缺货成本不变时,最优订货量随备件价格增加而下降,期望总成本随备件价格增加而增加。备件响应方式主要依赖于运输成本、备件安装提前期及备件响应时间的间接损失,间接损失越大,越倾向于快速运输方式。备件服务期望成本随风场需求波动增加而增加;将需求波动小的风场的部分备件储存于中心库,能降低期望成本。最后分析了前三条模型假设不满足时的结果调整。
Aiming at the research of the lean management of wind farm spare parts,the optimal order quantity of spare parts model,the optimal inventory allocation model and the optimal response model are built.The numerical analysis results of these models are as follows.The optimal order quantity and the expected total cost increases with the increase of stock-out cost while the spare parts price and the salvage value are constant;While spare parts price and stock-out cost are constant,with the increase of the salvage value,the optimal order quantity increases and the expected total cost declines;While the salvage value and the stock-out cost are constant,with the increase of the spare parts price,the optimal order quantity declines and the expected total cost increases;Response way mainly depends on the cost of transportation,installation lead time of spare parts and the indirect loss of response time.The larger the indirect loss is,the more inclined it is to fast mode of transportation;The expected cost of total transportation increases with the increase of demand fluctuation of wind farms,and it is reduced while transiting part of spare parts from small demand fluctuation wind farm to a larger one.The adjustment of model results caused by the violation of the first three model assumptions is analyzed in the end of the paper.
Aiming at the research of the lean management of wind farm spare parts,the optimal order quantity of spare parts model,the optimal inventory allocation model and the optimal response model are built.The numerical analysis results of these models are as follows.The optimal order quantity and the expected total cost increases with the increase of stock-out cost while the spare parts price and the salvage value are constant;While spare parts price and stock-out cost are constant,with the increase of the salvage value,the optimal order quantity increases and the expected total cost declines;While the salvage value and the stock-out cost are constant,with the increase of the spare parts price,the optimal order quantity declines and the expected total cost increases;Response way mainly depends on the cost of transportation,installation lead time of spare parts and the indirect loss of response time.The larger the indirect loss is,the more inclined it is to fast mode of transportation;The expected cost of total transportation increases with the increase of demand fluctuation of wind farms,and it is reduced while transiting part of spare parts from small demand fluctuation wind farm to a larger one.The adjustment of model results caused by the violation of the first three model assumptions is analyzed in the end of the paper.
引文
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[2]中国可再生能源学会风能专业委员会.2012年中国风电装机容量统计[J].风能,2013,37:44~55.
[3]Seebregts A J,et al.Reliability analysis in wind turbine engineering[J].Microelectronics Reliability,1995,35(9):1285~1307.
[4]Vaughan T S.Failure replacement and preventive maintenance spare parts ordering policy[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2005,161(1):183~190.
[5]Liao H,Rausch M.Spare part inventory control driven by condition based maintenance[C]//Reliability and Maintainability Symposium,San Jose,CA,2010:1~6.
[6]Wang W B,Syntetos A A.Spare parts demand:Linking forecasting to equipment maintenance[J].Transportation Research Part E:Logistics and Transportation Review,2011,47(6):1194~1209.
[7]Tracht K,et al.Spare parts planning for offshore wind turbines subject to restrictive maintenance conditions[J].Procedia CIRP,2013,7:563~568.
[8]林镇宇.石井风电场运行管理及面临的问题[J].能演与环境,2012,5:117~118.
[9]张凯莉,姜锐.风电场运行管理亟待加强[J].中国电力企业管理,2011,2:46~49.
[10]冯钢,潘慧.风电场生产运营管理浅析[J].风能产业,2012,10:46~48.
[11]姚剑平.浅论风电场运行维护管理[J].风能产业,2010,03:42~52.
[12]姚剑平.浅论风电场日常管理中的四个关键控制项[J].风能产业,2011,3:40~44.
[13]Torabi S A,et al.ABC inventory classification in the presence of both quantitative and qualitative criteria[J].Computers&Industrial Engineering,2012,63(2):530~537.