基于CoP纳米阵列的亚硝酸根传感器的研究
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摘要
亚硝酸盐对环境和人体健康有着不利的影响,人体长期食用含大量亚硝酸盐的食物有致癌的风险,对亚硝酸盐的分析和检测是非常重要的.开发高效的电催化剂,从而实现高灵敏度和高选择性的亚硝酸盐检测具有十分重要的意义.作者通过先水热再低温磷化获得了磷化钴纳米阵列(CoP/TM).电化学测试结果表明,所构建的CoP/TM电极对亚硝酸盐的还原具有高效的催化作用,线性检测范围为1.0μmol·L~(-1)到1.0 mmol·L~(-1),检测下限为18nmol·L~(-1)(S/N=3),响应灵敏度为17781μA·(mmol·L~(-1))~(-1)·cm~(-2),响应时间小于3 s,选择性良好.
Nitrite has a negative impact on the environment and human health. The long-term consumption of nitrite-containing foods has a carcinogenic risk. Therefore, the analysis and detection of nitrite are important. It is of great significance to develop high-efficiency electrocatalysts to achieve high sensitivity and selectivity for nitrite detection. The cobalt phosphide nano-array(CoP/TM) was obtained by hydrothermal and low-temperature phosphating. The electrochemical test results show that the constructed CoP/TM was a highly efficient electrochemical reduction nitrite catalyst with the excellent sensing performance and response time less than 3 s, as well as the linear detection range of 1.0 μmol·L~(-1) to 1.0 mmol·L~(-1) and lower detection limit of 18 nmol·L~(-1)(S/N = 3). The response sensitivity was 17718 μA·(mmol·L~(-1))~(-1)·cm~(-2) with the satisfactory selectivity.
Nitrite has a negative impact on the environment and human health. The long-term consumption of nitrite-containing foods has a carcinogenic risk. Therefore, the analysis and detection of nitrite are important. It is of great significance to develop high-efficiency electrocatalysts to achieve high sensitivity and selectivity for nitrite detection. The cobalt phosphide nano-array(CoP/TM) was obtained by hydrothermal and low-temperature phosphating. The electrochemical test results show that the constructed CoP/TM was a highly efficient electrochemical reduction nitrite catalyst with the excellent sensing performance and response time less than 3 s, as well as the linear detection range of 1.0 μmol·L~(-1) to 1.0 mmol·L~(-1) and lower detection limit of 18 nmol·L~(-1)(S/N = 3). The response sensitivity was 17718 μA·(mmol·L~(-1))~(-1)·cm~(-2) with the satisfactory selectivity.
引文
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[32]Wu Y Y,Li C,Dou Z Y,et al.A novel nitrite sensor fabricated through anchoring nickel-tetrahydroxy-phthalocyanine and polyethylene oxide film onto glassy carbon electrode by a two-step covalent modification approach[J].Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry,2014,18(9):2625-2635.
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[2]Braman R S,Hendrix S A.Nanogram nitrite and nitrate determination in environmental and biological materials by vanadium(III)reduction with chemiluminescence detection[J].Analytical Chemistry,1989,61(24):2715-2718.
[3]Guadagnini L,Tonelli D.Carbon electrodes unmodified and decorated with silver nanoparticles for the determination of nitrite,nitrate and iodate[J].Sensors and Actuators B:Chemical,2013,188:806-814.
[4]Panchompoo J,Compton R G.Electrochemical detection of ammonia in aqueous solution using fluorescamine:comparison of fluorometric versus voltammetric analysis[J].Journal of Electrochemistry(电化学),2012,18(5):437-449.
[5]Okafor P N,Ogbonna U I.Nitrate and nitrite contamination of water sources and fruit juices marketed in South-Eastern Nigeria[J].Journal of Food Composition and Analysis,2003,16(2):213-218.
[6]Akyüz M,Ata S.Determination of low level nitrite and nitrate in biological,food and environmental samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection[J].Talanta,2009,79(3):900-904.
[7]Fan Y Q(范艳群),Chen Q Y(陈庆阳),Xia J M(夏金梅),et al.Detection of glucosamine hydrochloride by ion chromatography with integrated pulsed amperometric detector[J].Journal of Electrochemistry(电化学),2014,20(2):164-170.
[8]Freitas C B,Moreira R C,de Oliveira Tavares M G,et al.Monitoring of nitrite,nitrate,chloride and sulfate in environmental samples using electrophoresis microchips coupled with contactless conductivity detection[J].Talanta,2016,147:335-341.
[9]Butt S B,Riaz M,Iqbal M Z.Simultaneous determination of nitrite and nitrate by normal phase ion-pair liquid chromatography[J].Talanta,2001,55(4):789-797.
[10]Wang C Y(王春燕),Liu X Q(刘晓秋),Qi Y X(戚颖欣).Electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide at Au NPs modified electrode using p-hydroxyphenylboronic acid as a precursor[J].Journal of Electrochemistry(电化学),2016,22(1):88-93.
[11]Shi P(石鹏),Wang B X(王伯轩),Song Q L(宋泉霖),et al.Application of Pd/graphene modified electrode in the detection of 4-chlorophenol[J].Journal of Electrochemistry(电化学),2015,21(5):488-495.
[12]Oyama S T,Gott T,Zhao H,et al.Transition metal phosphide hydroprocessing catalysts:A review[J].Catalysis Today,2009,143(1/2):94-107.
[13]Carenco S,Portehault D,Boissiere C,et al.Nanoscaled metal borides and phosphides:recent developments and perspectives[J].Chemical Reviews,2013,113(10):7981-8065.
[14]Wang H J(王慧娟).Synthesis of ultrathin Co3O4nanoflakes film material for electrochemical sensing[J].Journal of Electrochemistry(电化学),2016,22(6):631-635.
[15]Tang C,Cheng N Y,Pu Z H,et al.Ni Se nanowire film supported on nickel foam:an efficient and stable 3Dbifunctional electrode for full water splitting[J].Angewandte Chemie International Edition,2015,127(32):9483-9487.
[16]Jiang P,Liu Q,Liang Y H,et al.A cost-effective 3D hydrogen evolution cathode with high catalytic activity:FePnanowire array as the active phase[J].Angewandte Chemie International Edition,2014,126(47):13069-13073.
[17]Li M X(李明轩),Ou J L(欧洁连),Chen Y X(陈燕鑫),et al.Preparation and catalytic properties of FeCo alloy nanocatalyst[J].Journal of Electrochemistry(电化学),2013,19(2):125-129.
[18]Liu Y W,Cao X Q,Kong R M,et al.Cobalt phosphide nanowire array as an effective electrocatalyst for non-enzymatic glucose sensing[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry B,2017,5(10):1901-1904.
[19]Tian J Q,Liu Q,Asiri A M,et al.Self-supported nanoporous cobalt phosphide nanowire arrays:an efficient 3Dhydrogen-evolving cathode over the wide range of pH0-14[J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2014,136(21):7587-7590.
[20]Liu T T,Wang K Y,Du G,et al.Self-supported CoPnanosheet arrays:a non-precious metal catalyst for efficient hydrogen generation from alkaline NaBH4solution[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2016,4(34):13053-13057.
[21]Ai L,Niu Z,Jiang J.Mechanistic insight into oxygen evolution electrocatalysis of surface phosphate modified cobalt phosphide nanorod bundles and their superior performance for overall water splitting[J].Electrochimica Acta,2017,242:355-363.
[22]Pham X H,Li C A,Han K N,et al.Electrochemical detection of nitrite using urchin-like palladium nanostructures on carbon nanotube thin film electrodes[J].Sensors and Actuators B:Chemical,2014,193:815-822.
[23]Radhakrishnan S,Krishnamoorthy K,Sekar C,et al.Ahighly sensitive electrochemical sensor for nitrite detection based on Fe2O3nanoparticles decorated reduced graphene oxide nanosheets[J].Applied Catalysis B:Environmental,2014,148:22-28.
[24]Zhang D,Fang Y X,Miao Z Y,et al.Direct electrodeposion of reduced graphene oxide and dendritic copper nanoclusters on glassy carbon electrode for electrochemical detection of nitrite[J].Electrochimica Acta,2013,107:656-663.
[25]Wang P,Mai Z B,Dai Z,et al.Construction of Au nanoparticles on choline chloride modified glassy carbon electrode for sensitive detection of nitrite[J].Biosensors and Bioelectronics,2009,24(11):3242-3247.
[26]Shahid M M,Rameshkumar P,Pandikumar A,et al.An electrochemical sensing platform based on a reduced graphene oxide-cobalt oxide nanocube@platinum nanocomposite for nitric oxide detection[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2015,3(27):14458-14468.
[27]Ting S L,Guo C X,Leong K C,et al.Gold nanoparticles decorated reduced graphene oxide for detecting the presence and cellular release of nitric oxide[J].Electrochimica Acta,2013,111:441-446.
[28]Pandikumar A,Yusoff N,Huang N M,et al.Electrochemical sensing of nitrite using a glassy carbon electrode modified with reduced functionalized graphene oxide decorated with flower-like zinc oxide[J].Microchimica Acta,2015,182(5/6):1113-1122.
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[30]Saravanan J,Ramasamy R,Therese H A,et al.Electrospun CuO/NiO composite nanofibers for sensitive and selective non-enzymatic nitrite sensors[J].New Journal of Chemistry,2017,41(23):14766-14771.
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[32]Wu Y Y,Li C,Dou Z Y,et al.A novel nitrite sensor fabricated through anchoring nickel-tetrahydroxy-phthalocyanine and polyethylene oxide film onto glassy carbon electrode by a two-step covalent modification approach[J].Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry,2014,18(9):2625-2635.
[33]Mani V,Periasamy A P,Chen S M.Highly selective amperometric nitrite sensor based on chemically reduced graphene oxide modified electrode[J].Electrochemistry Communications,2012,17:75-78.