GIS景观综合评价方法在城市森林生态规划及评估中的应用
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摘要
随着我国城市化进程加快及当今全球环境问题的加剧,依据森林生态因子相互作用规律,运用GIS技术方法指导城市森林景观规划,将成为未来城市生态规划的重要内容之一。以中国河南省南阳市建成区、待规划区的相应缓冲范围为研究对象,根据南阳市当前城市森林现状选取评价因子,采用层次分析法(AHP)确定因子权重,结合GIS空间分析技术对南阳城市森林进行多因子综合适宜性评价。结果表明南阳市城市森林存在破碎化程度高、地区发展不平衡、绿地数量及生态防护林带不足等问题。根据分析结果,提出以白河游览区为生态轴心,八条支流水系为骨架建设城市森林;以城市十六条主干道为交通绿化骨架完善城市道路绿色网络;沿城市内河体系及独山风景区构建绿廊及街旁绿化;通过建设文化遗址专题公园等,建立高品位城市森林景观等规划建议。
With the urbanization process and aggravation of global environmental issues,applying the interaction characteristics between ecological factors and forest and GIS technology to guide urban forest landscape planning and improve urban ecological environment will become an important part of urban eco-planning.By taking the buffer zones of built-up areas and planning areas in Nanyang city,Henan province as studying object,according to current urban forest status to selecting the evaluation factors,and adopting analytical hierar-chy process(AHP) to determine the factor's weight,the comprehensive suitability of Nanyang's urban forest was evaluated with multiple factors with GIS spatial analysis techniques.The results reveal that some problems existed such as severe fragmentation,imbalance in regional development,and lack of green space and lack of ecological protection forest.The planning suggestions were put forward as follows:constructing urban forest with the eco-axis of White River Resort,taking the eight tributaries system of river as key framework of developing urban forests,improving the urban road green network with the framework of sixteen trunk roads' greening,building the green corridor along the urban river system and Dushan scenic area,and creating high quality urban forest landscape through constructing thematic parks of cultural heritage sites etc.
With the urbanization process and aggravation of global environmental issues,applying the interaction characteristics between ecological factors and forest and GIS technology to guide urban forest landscape planning and improve urban ecological environment will become an important part of urban eco-planning.By taking the buffer zones of built-up areas and planning areas in Nanyang city,Henan province as studying object,according to current urban forest status to selecting the evaluation factors,and adopting analytical hierar-chy process(AHP) to determine the factor's weight,the comprehensive suitability of Nanyang's urban forest was evaluated with multiple factors with GIS spatial analysis techniques.The results reveal that some problems existed such as severe fragmentation,imbalance in regional development,and lack of green space and lack of ecological protection forest.The planning suggestions were put forward as follows:constructing urban forest with the eco-axis of White River Resort,taking the eight tributaries system of river as key framework of developing urban forests,improving the urban road green network with the framework of sixteen trunk roads' greening,building the green corridor along the urban river system and Dushan scenic area,and creating high quality urban forest landscape through constructing thematic parks of cultural heritage sites etc.
引文
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[14]吴际友,刘云国,程勇,等.岳阳市城市森林建设评价指标体系[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2007,27(6):159-163.
[15]占珊,闫文德,田大伦.基于CITYgreen的城市森林生态效益评估的应用[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2008,28(2):137-139.
[2]Rowantere RA.Ecology of the Urban forest Introduction to Part[J].Urban Ecology,1984,2(8):1-11.
[3]王木林,缪荣兴.城市森林的成分及其类型[J].林业科学研究,1997,10(5):531-535.
[4]彭振华.中国城市森林[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2003.
[5]郑爱榕,蔡阿根,陈慈美.市域环境区划和用地生态适宜度分析方法[J].台湾海峡,2000,19(4):434-440.
[6]Brack CL.Pollution mitigation and carbon sequestration by anurban forest[J].Environmental Pollution,2002,116:195-200.
[7]Tyrvainen L,Silvennoinen H,Kolehmainen O.Ecological andaesthetic Forest management[J].Urban forest&Urban forestry,2003,l:135-149
[8]王世红.城乡一体化过程中的景观与环境问题研究——以河南南阳为例[J].武汉航海(武汉航海职业技术学院学报),2007,2(4):27-30.
[9]徐夏楠,邵培,徐玮琦,等.基于Google Earth的南阳城区断层研究[J].南阳师范学院学报,2011,10(3):51-56.
[10]宋永昌.城市森林研究中的几个问题[J].中国城市林业,2004,2(1):4-9.
[11]何兴元.城市森林生态学的基本理论与研究方法[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(12):1679-1683.
[12]荚德平.基于GIS的常州市绿地系统规划布局的研究[D].南京:南京林业大学,2009.
[13]章俊华.规划设计学中的调查分析法(12)——AHP法[J].中国园林,2003,19(5):37-40.
[14]吴际友,刘云国,程勇,等.岳阳市城市森林建设评价指标体系[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2007,27(6):159-163.
[15]占珊,闫文德,田大伦.基于CITYgreen的城市森林生态效益评估的应用[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2008,28(2):137-139.