花生种质资源果腐病的抗性评价
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摘要
花生果腐病是一种由真菌引起的世界性的严重病害,直接影响花生的产量及品质。通过田间自然发病对引进的77份美国资源和39份国内资源进行连续2年的鉴定,筛选抗果腐病的花生种质资源,为花生抗果腐病育种提供优异材料。结果表明:供试花生材料间的受害指数差异极显著(P<0.01),两年间的差异也达到显著水平(P<0.05)。根据受害指数的聚类分析将供试花生材料的果腐病抗性分为高抗、抗、中抗、感病和高感病5组,该结果作为花生果腐病抗性评价标准,能够明确评价供试花生材料对果腐病的抗性。综合两年抗性表现较一致的96份种质,筛选到高抗材料2份,平均受害指数分别为16.67和21.91;抗性材料6份,平均受害指数分布在26.33~42.41之间;中抗材料32份,平均受害指数在45.19~60之间;感病材料34份,平均受害指数在60.87~74.39之间;高感材料22份,平均受害指数在75.27~83.34之间。该结果为评价花生果腐病抗性和合理利用种质资源进行花生抗病品种遗传改良提供了参考和优异材料。
Peanut pod rot is a fungal disease worldwide that directly affects the production and quality of peanut. In order to identify resistant germplasm against pod rot for peanut breeding,116 accessions of peanut,including77 American and 39 domestic germplasm,were evaluated in a two-year field experiment in this study. An extremely significant difference for peanut injury index was observed among the tested peanut accessions( P < 0. 01) and the variation for injury index between 2016 and 2017 was also found for injury index. Pod rot resistance of tested peanut accessions could be divided into 5 groups,consisting of high resistance( HR),resistance( R),medium resistance( MR),susceptible( S) and high susceptible( HS). According to the disease index at 2016 and 2017,72 accessions showed consistent response upon in the infection of pod rot. Two were highly resistant accessions( HR) with average injury indexes of 16. 67 and 21. 91,and 6 resistant accessions( R) with average injury indexes from 26. 33 to 42. 41,and 32 medium resistant accessions( MR) with injury indexes from 45. 19 to 60,and 34 susceptibility accessions( S) with injury indexes from 60. 87 to 74. 39,and 22 high susceptibility accessions( HS) with average injury indexes from 75. 27 to 83. 34. The results could provide reference and favorable resources for evaluation of pod rot resistance and genetic improvement in peanut resistant breeding program.
Peanut pod rot is a fungal disease worldwide that directly affects the production and quality of peanut. In order to identify resistant germplasm against pod rot for peanut breeding,116 accessions of peanut,including77 American and 39 domestic germplasm,were evaluated in a two-year field experiment in this study. An extremely significant difference for peanut injury index was observed among the tested peanut accessions( P < 0. 01) and the variation for injury index between 2016 and 2017 was also found for injury index. Pod rot resistance of tested peanut accessions could be divided into 5 groups,consisting of high resistance( HR),resistance( R),medium resistance( MR),susceptible( S) and high susceptible( HS). According to the disease index at 2016 and 2017,72 accessions showed consistent response upon in the infection of pod rot. Two were highly resistant accessions( HR) with average injury indexes of 16. 67 and 21. 91,and 6 resistant accessions( R) with average injury indexes from 26. 33 to 42. 41,and 32 medium resistant accessions( MR) with injury indexes from 45. 19 to 60,and 34 susceptibility accessions( S) with injury indexes from 60. 87 to 74. 39,and 22 high susceptibility accessions( HS) with average injury indexes from 75. 27 to 83. 34. The results could provide reference and favorable resources for evaluation of pod rot resistance and genetic improvement in peanut resistant breeding program.
引文
[1]王传堂,禹山林,于洪涛,张树伟,于树涛,王秀贞,唐月异,崔凤高,陈殿绪,张建成,李术臣.花生果腐病病原分子诊断.花生学报,2010,39(1):1-4
[2]李术臣,陈丹,贾海民,赵聚莹,康海燕,张根启.花生果腐病研究进展.河北农业科学,2010,14(9):74-75
[3]Garcia R,Mitchel D J.Interactions of Pythium myriotylum with several fungi in peanut pod rot.Phytopathology,1975,65:1375-1381
[4]Csinos A S.Peanut pod rot complex:a geocarposphere nutrient imbalance.Plant Disease,1986,70(6):525-529
[5]Hollowell J E,Shew B B,Beute M K.Occurrence of pod rot pathogens in peanut grown in North Carolina.Plant Disease,1998,82(12):1345-1349
[6]Wheeler T A,Howell C R,Cotton J,Porter D.Pythium species associated with pod rot on west texas peanuts and in vitro sensitivity of isolates to mefenoxam and azoxystrobin.Peanut Science,2005,32:9-13
[7]Bell D K,Sobers E K.A peg pod and root necrosis of peanuts caused by a species of Calonectria.Phytopathology,1966,56(11):1361-1364
[8]Frank Z R.Pythium myriotylum and Fusarium solani as cofactors in a pod-rot complex of peanut.Phytopathology,1972,62:1331-1334
[9]李术臣,贾海民,赵聚莹,陈丹.河北省花生果腐病病原鉴定及致病性研究.河北农业科学,2011,15(5):37-39
[10]Sun W M,Feng L N,Guo W,Liu D Q,Yang Z H,Liu L F,Ran L X,Meng Q F.First report of Neocosmospora striata causing peanut pod pot in China.Plant Disease,2012,96(1):146
[11]Sun W M,Feng L N,Guo W,Liu D Q,Li Y N,Ran L X.First report of peanut pod rot caused by Neocosmospora vasinfecta in Northern China.Plant Disease,2012,96(3):455
[12]张成玲,张田田,吴翠霞,路兴涛.花生果腐病病菌鉴定及生物学特性.花生学报,2016,45(3):27-31
[13]Porter D M,Smith D H,Rodríguezkábana R.Compendium of peanut diseases.Journal of Periodontology,1997,75(9):1196-202
[14]Csinos A S,Gaines T P,Walker M E.Involvement of nutrition and fungi in the peanut pod rot complex.Plant Disease,1984,68(1):61-65
[15]Walker M E,Csinos A S.Effect of gypsum on yield,grade and incidence of pod rot in five peanut cultivars.Peanut Science,1980,7(2):109-113
[16]Peters R D,Sturz A V,Carter M R,Sanderson J B.Developing disease-suppressive soils through crop rotation and tillage management practices.Soil and Tillage Research,2003,72(2):181-192
[17]Bruehl G W.Soil-borne plant pathogens.New York:Macmillan Publishing Company,1979
[18]秦海英,赵继文,高洪泽,程星.中低产麦田土壤肥力障碍消减与地力提升技术研究.中国种业,2014(6):35-37
[19]孙克威,杨春玲,姜戈.种衣剂1号对大豆苗期害虫防治效果研究.中国种业,2002(8):19-20
[20]Besler B A,Grichar W J,Brewer K D,Baring M R.Assessment of six peanut cultivars for control of Rhizoctonia pod rot when sprayed with azoxystrobin or tebuconazole.Peanut Science,2003,30(1):49-52
[21]程洪斌,刘晓桥,陈红漫.枯草芽孢杆菌防治植物真菌病害研究进展.上海农业学报,2006,22(1):109-112
[22]周鑫钰,朱宏建,雷湘华,周倩.植物内生放线菌应用研究进展.江西农业学报,2010,22(12):87-90
[23]陈捷,朱洁伟,张庭,王秉丽.木霉菌生物防治作用机理与应用研究进展.中国生物防治学报,2011,27(2):145-151
[24]Cilliers A J.Resistance in new groundnut breeding lines to black pod rot caused by Chalara elegans.South African Journal of Plant and Soil,2001,18:174-175
[25]Holbrook C C,Anderson W F,Pittman R N.Selection of a core collection from the US germplasm collection of peanut.Crop Science,1993,33:859-861
[26]Chen C Y,Barkley N A,Wang M L,Holbrook C C,Dang P M.Registration of purified accessions for the US peanut mini-core germplasm collection.Journal of Plant Registrations,2014,8(1):77-85
[27]崔顺立,孟硕,何美敬,杨鑫雷,侯名语,穆国俊,Charles Y.Chen,刘立峰.美国花生微核心种质资源纯化系的引进与表型评价.植物遗传资源学报,2017,18(3):381-389
[28]姜慧芳,段乃雄.花生种质资源描述规范和数据标准.北京:中国农业出版社,2006:18-27
[29]杨富军,王绍伦,张丽,李春洁,朱统国,刘海龙,周玉萍,孙晓苹,高华援.吉林省高纬度地区花生果腐病药剂防治效果.安徽农业科学,2015,43(5):140-141
[30]Wheeler T A,Russell S A,Anderson M G,Serrato-Diaz L M,French-Monar R D,Woodward J E.Management of peanut pod rot I:Disease dynamics and sampling.Crop Protection,2016,79:135-142
[31]Shew H D,Beute M K.Evidence for the involvement of soilborne mites in Pythium pod rot of peanut.Phytopathology,1979,69(3):204-207
[32]Fuhlbohm M F,Tatnell J R,Ryley M J.Neocosmospora vasinfecta is pathogenic on peanut in Queensland.Australasian Plant Disease Notes,2007,2:3-4
[33]Sanogo S,Puppala N.Microorganisms associated with Valencia peanut affected by pod rot in New Mexico.Peanut Science,2012,39(2):95-104
[34]姜慧芳,段乃雄,任小平,孙大容.花生种质资源的性状鉴定及综合评价进展.花生科技,1999(S1):144-147
[35]姜慧芳,任小平,张晓杰,黄家权.中国花生小核心种质与ICRISAT微核心种质的SSR遗传多样性比较.作物学报,2010,36(7):1084-1091
[36]任小平,张晓杰,廖伯寿,雷永,黄家权,陈玉宁,姜慧芳.ICRISAT花生微核心种质资源SSR标记遗传多样性分析.中国农业科学,2010,43(14):2848-2858
[37]李清华,黄金堂,陈海玲,陈芝,李淑萍,谢志琼.27份花生种质资源的主成分分析及遗传距离测定.植物遗传资源学报,2011,12(4):519-524
[38]黎穗临.狮头企亲缘花生品种系谱分析.花生科技,2000(4):5-9
[39]Thiessen L D and Woodward J E.Diseases of peanut caused by soilborne pathogens in the Southwestern United States.Isrn Agronomy,2012,2012(12):1-9
[2]李术臣,陈丹,贾海民,赵聚莹,康海燕,张根启.花生果腐病研究进展.河北农业科学,2010,14(9):74-75
[3]Garcia R,Mitchel D J.Interactions of Pythium myriotylum with several fungi in peanut pod rot.Phytopathology,1975,65:1375-1381
[4]Csinos A S.Peanut pod rot complex:a geocarposphere nutrient imbalance.Plant Disease,1986,70(6):525-529
[5]Hollowell J E,Shew B B,Beute M K.Occurrence of pod rot pathogens in peanut grown in North Carolina.Plant Disease,1998,82(12):1345-1349
[6]Wheeler T A,Howell C R,Cotton J,Porter D.Pythium species associated with pod rot on west texas peanuts and in vitro sensitivity of isolates to mefenoxam and azoxystrobin.Peanut Science,2005,32:9-13
[7]Bell D K,Sobers E K.A peg pod and root necrosis of peanuts caused by a species of Calonectria.Phytopathology,1966,56(11):1361-1364
[8]Frank Z R.Pythium myriotylum and Fusarium solani as cofactors in a pod-rot complex of peanut.Phytopathology,1972,62:1331-1334
[9]李术臣,贾海民,赵聚莹,陈丹.河北省花生果腐病病原鉴定及致病性研究.河北农业科学,2011,15(5):37-39
[10]Sun W M,Feng L N,Guo W,Liu D Q,Yang Z H,Liu L F,Ran L X,Meng Q F.First report of Neocosmospora striata causing peanut pod pot in China.Plant Disease,2012,96(1):146
[11]Sun W M,Feng L N,Guo W,Liu D Q,Li Y N,Ran L X.First report of peanut pod rot caused by Neocosmospora vasinfecta in Northern China.Plant Disease,2012,96(3):455
[12]张成玲,张田田,吴翠霞,路兴涛.花生果腐病病菌鉴定及生物学特性.花生学报,2016,45(3):27-31
[13]Porter D M,Smith D H,Rodríguezkábana R.Compendium of peanut diseases.Journal of Periodontology,1997,75(9):1196-202
[14]Csinos A S,Gaines T P,Walker M E.Involvement of nutrition and fungi in the peanut pod rot complex.Plant Disease,1984,68(1):61-65
[15]Walker M E,Csinos A S.Effect of gypsum on yield,grade and incidence of pod rot in five peanut cultivars.Peanut Science,1980,7(2):109-113
[16]Peters R D,Sturz A V,Carter M R,Sanderson J B.Developing disease-suppressive soils through crop rotation and tillage management practices.Soil and Tillage Research,2003,72(2):181-192
[17]Bruehl G W.Soil-borne plant pathogens.New York:Macmillan Publishing Company,1979
[18]秦海英,赵继文,高洪泽,程星.中低产麦田土壤肥力障碍消减与地力提升技术研究.中国种业,2014(6):35-37
[19]孙克威,杨春玲,姜戈.种衣剂1号对大豆苗期害虫防治效果研究.中国种业,2002(8):19-20
[20]Besler B A,Grichar W J,Brewer K D,Baring M R.Assessment of six peanut cultivars for control of Rhizoctonia pod rot when sprayed with azoxystrobin or tebuconazole.Peanut Science,2003,30(1):49-52
[21]程洪斌,刘晓桥,陈红漫.枯草芽孢杆菌防治植物真菌病害研究进展.上海农业学报,2006,22(1):109-112
[22]周鑫钰,朱宏建,雷湘华,周倩.植物内生放线菌应用研究进展.江西农业学报,2010,22(12):87-90
[23]陈捷,朱洁伟,张庭,王秉丽.木霉菌生物防治作用机理与应用研究进展.中国生物防治学报,2011,27(2):145-151
[24]Cilliers A J.Resistance in new groundnut breeding lines to black pod rot caused by Chalara elegans.South African Journal of Plant and Soil,2001,18:174-175
[25]Holbrook C C,Anderson W F,Pittman R N.Selection of a core collection from the US germplasm collection of peanut.Crop Science,1993,33:859-861
[26]Chen C Y,Barkley N A,Wang M L,Holbrook C C,Dang P M.Registration of purified accessions for the US peanut mini-core germplasm collection.Journal of Plant Registrations,2014,8(1):77-85
[27]崔顺立,孟硕,何美敬,杨鑫雷,侯名语,穆国俊,Charles Y.Chen,刘立峰.美国花生微核心种质资源纯化系的引进与表型评价.植物遗传资源学报,2017,18(3):381-389
[28]姜慧芳,段乃雄.花生种质资源描述规范和数据标准.北京:中国农业出版社,2006:18-27
[29]杨富军,王绍伦,张丽,李春洁,朱统国,刘海龙,周玉萍,孙晓苹,高华援.吉林省高纬度地区花生果腐病药剂防治效果.安徽农业科学,2015,43(5):140-141
[30]Wheeler T A,Russell S A,Anderson M G,Serrato-Diaz L M,French-Monar R D,Woodward J E.Management of peanut pod rot I:Disease dynamics and sampling.Crop Protection,2016,79:135-142
[31]Shew H D,Beute M K.Evidence for the involvement of soilborne mites in Pythium pod rot of peanut.Phytopathology,1979,69(3):204-207
[32]Fuhlbohm M F,Tatnell J R,Ryley M J.Neocosmospora vasinfecta is pathogenic on peanut in Queensland.Australasian Plant Disease Notes,2007,2:3-4
[33]Sanogo S,Puppala N.Microorganisms associated with Valencia peanut affected by pod rot in New Mexico.Peanut Science,2012,39(2):95-104
[34]姜慧芳,段乃雄,任小平,孙大容.花生种质资源的性状鉴定及综合评价进展.花生科技,1999(S1):144-147
[35]姜慧芳,任小平,张晓杰,黄家权.中国花生小核心种质与ICRISAT微核心种质的SSR遗传多样性比较.作物学报,2010,36(7):1084-1091
[36]任小平,张晓杰,廖伯寿,雷永,黄家权,陈玉宁,姜慧芳.ICRISAT花生微核心种质资源SSR标记遗传多样性分析.中国农业科学,2010,43(14):2848-2858
[37]李清华,黄金堂,陈海玲,陈芝,李淑萍,谢志琼.27份花生种质资源的主成分分析及遗传距离测定.植物遗传资源学报,2011,12(4):519-524
[38]黎穗临.狮头企亲缘花生品种系谱分析.花生科技,2000(4):5-9
[39]Thiessen L D and Woodward J E.Diseases of peanut caused by soilborne pathogens in the Southwestern United States.Isrn Agronomy,2012,2012(12):1-9