放弃治疗的法伦理探析
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摘要
通过分析放弃治疗中存在的关于权利成立、决定权归属、知情权与保护性医疗的选择、医疗资源的公正分配等问题,认为原因是患者生命价值观淡泊、社会保障体系不完善、缺乏相关规范性问题的法律界定等,并提出推进预先医疗指示制度立法、维护患者自主权并尊重医学客观事实、坚持适度告知原则、完善医疗保险制度等解决对策,以期达到解决放弃治疗问题合目的、合道义、合理性的统一。
The research analyzed the existing problems in treatment abandonment, such as the establishment of rights, the ownership of decision right, the right to know and the choice of protective medical treatment, the fair distribution of medical resources, and so on. These reasons were considered, including: the patient's life values were indifferent, the social security system was imperfect, and there was a lack of legal definition of related normative issues, etc. It also put forward some countermeasures, such as advancing the legislation of pre-medical instruction system, maintaining patients' autonomy and respecting the medical objective facts, adhering to the principle of moderate disclosure, and improving the medical insurance system, so as to achieve the unity of the purpose, morality, and rationality of treatment abandonment.
The research analyzed the existing problems in treatment abandonment, such as the establishment of rights, the ownership of decision right, the right to know and the choice of protective medical treatment, the fair distribution of medical resources, and so on. These reasons were considered, including: the patient's life values were indifferent, the social security system was imperfect, and there was a lack of legal definition of related normative issues, etc. It also put forward some countermeasures, such as advancing the legislation of pre-medical instruction system, maintaining patients' autonomy and respecting the medical objective facts, adhering to the principle of moderate disclosure, and improving the medical insurance system, so as to achieve the unity of the purpose, morality, and rationality of treatment abandonment.
引文
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[5] 杨永华,王家宜,刘小红.关于儿童恶性肿瘤放弃治疗的伦理学思考[J].中国医学伦理学,2018,31(1):45-49.
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[7] THEWHOQOL GROUP.The World Health Organization Quality Of Life assessment (WHO-QOL) position paper from the world health Organization[J].SocSci Med,1995,41(10):1403-1409.
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[9] 谢秀华,余鸿,董正惠.新疆多民族地区ICU临终患者家属放弃治疗真实体验的质性研究[J].护理学杂志,2015,30(10):88-90.
[10] 庹宁.医师放弃诊疗行为及其法律责任研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2013.
[11] 马小川,王建光.ICU治疗领域的伦理问题辨析[J].医学与哲学,2017,38(5A):19-20.
[2] 邵永生.放弃治疗的境遇伦理分析[J].医学与哲学(人文社会医学版),2011,32(11):19-21.
[3] 曹刚.安乐死是何种权利?——关于安乐死的法伦理学解读[J].伦理学研究,2005,15(1):84-87.
[4] 张巍琴,冯泽永.关于在保护性医疗制度下尊重患者知情同意权的思考[J].医学与哲学(人文社会医学版),2009,30(7):20-22.
[5] 杨永华,王家宜,刘小红.关于儿童恶性肿瘤放弃治疗的伦理学思考[J].中国医学伦理学,2018,31(1):45-49.
[6] 樊浩,程中英.伦理研究:生命伦理学卷2007-2008上册[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2009.
[7] THEWHOQOL GROUP.The World Health Organization Quality Of Life assessment (WHO-QOL) position paper from the world health Organization[J].SocSci Med,1995,41(10):1403-1409.
[8] 孙彦文.生前预嘱视角下病患医疗自主权的宪法权利渊源与立法规制[D].南京:南京师范大学,2016.
[9] 谢秀华,余鸿,董正惠.新疆多民族地区ICU临终患者家属放弃治疗真实体验的质性研究[J].护理学杂志,2015,30(10):88-90.
[10] 庹宁.医师放弃诊疗行为及其法律责任研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2013.
[11] 马小川,王建光.ICU治疗领域的伦理问题辨析[J].医学与哲学,2017,38(5A):19-20.