黄瓜品种抗疫病鉴定及其防御相关酶系研究
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摘要
以长春密刺、正源油绿花青大吊瓜、中农20号、抗病二号、早青二号、津优1号、粤秀3号7个黄瓜品种为试材,灌根接种约5×103个/mL甜瓜疫霉(Phytophthora melonis)游动孢子悬浮液,探讨不同品种的抗病性以及防御相关酶活性变化。结果表明:长春密刺、正源油绿花青大吊瓜、抗病二号和粤秀3号病情指数范围的抗性较强,属于中抗品种;中农20号、早青二号和津优1号病情指数范围的抗性较弱,属于感病品种;未发现高抗或免疫品种。未接种条件下,正源油绿花青大吊瓜叶片的过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶(GLU)活性均显著高于感病品种中农20号;灌根接种疫霉菌游动孢子悬浮液后,中抗品种叶片POD、PAL活性显著增强,其余相关酶活性无显著变化;感病品种黄瓜幼苗叶片POD、PPO、PAL、GLU活性均显著增强,且增幅高于中抗品种。综上所述,甜瓜疫霉侵染后,抗性较强的黄瓜品种叶片防御相关酶活性相对稳定,主要通过上调细胞壁合成相关酶活性抵御病原菌的侵染;相反,感病品种叶片中防御相关酶活性显著被诱导。
The aim of our study is to investigate the resistance of different cucumber varieties to Phytophthora melonis,and the changes of related defense enzyme activity by inoculated with about 5×103/mL suspension of P.melonis.Seven cucumber cultivars were selected for disease resistance screening,Changchunmici,Huaqingdadiaogua,Kangbing NO.2,Zaoqing NO.2,Zhongnong NO.20,Jinyou NO.1 and Yuexiu NO.3.The results showed that four middle resistant varieties were found,respectively Changchunmici,Huaqingdadiaogua,Kangbing NO.2 and Yuexiu NO.3,the other varieties showed susceptible to P.melonis,no immune and high resistant varieties were found.On uninoculated conditions,middle resistant variety Huaqingdadiaogua had higher activities of peroxidase(POD),polyphenoloxidase(PPO),phenylalnine ammonialyase(PAL)and β-1,3-glucanase(GLU)than susceptible variety Zhongnong NO.20.After inoculation,only POD and PAL activities increased greatly in middle resistant variety,and other related defense enzyme activities kept stable.However,activities of POD,PPO,PAL and GLU all increased significantly in susceptible variety,and the increase degree was higher than that in middle resistant variety.In concluded,middle resistant variety mainly induced cell wall synthesis related enzyme,and thus prevented further invasion and spreading of the pathogen,however,related defense enzyme activities in susceptible variety increased greater.
The aim of our study is to investigate the resistance of different cucumber varieties to Phytophthora melonis,and the changes of related defense enzyme activity by inoculated with about 5×103/mL suspension of P.melonis.Seven cucumber cultivars were selected for disease resistance screening,Changchunmici,Huaqingdadiaogua,Kangbing NO.2,Zaoqing NO.2,Zhongnong NO.20,Jinyou NO.1 and Yuexiu NO.3.The results showed that four middle resistant varieties were found,respectively Changchunmici,Huaqingdadiaogua,Kangbing NO.2 and Yuexiu NO.3,the other varieties showed susceptible to P.melonis,no immune and high resistant varieties were found.On uninoculated conditions,middle resistant variety Huaqingdadiaogua had higher activities of peroxidase(POD),polyphenoloxidase(PPO),phenylalnine ammonialyase(PAL)and β-1,3-glucanase(GLU)than susceptible variety Zhongnong NO.20.After inoculation,only POD and PAL activities increased greatly in middle resistant variety,and other related defense enzyme activities kept stable.However,activities of POD,PPO,PAL and GLU all increased significantly in susceptible variety,and the increase degree was higher than that in middle resistant variety.In concluded,middle resistant variety mainly induced cell wall synthesis related enzyme,and thus prevented further invasion and spreading of the pathogen,however,related defense enzyme activities in susceptible variety increased greater.
引文
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[14]李新,司龙亭.黄瓜不同品种苗期感染枯萎病菌后几种酶活性的变化[J].华北农学报,2007,22(B8):9-11.
[15]刘守伟,吴凤芝,马艳玲.枯萎病菌对不同抗性黄瓜品种几酶活性的影响[J].植物保护,2009,35(1):82-85.
[16]张少英,王俊斌,王海凤,等.甜菜几丁质酶和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性与其对丛根病抗性的关系[J].植物生理与分子生物学学报,2005,31(3):281-286.
[17]左豫虎,康振生,杨传平,等.β-1,3-葡聚糖酶和几丁质酶活性与大豆对疫霉根腐病抗性的关系[J].植物病理学报,2009(6):600-607.
[18]Liang Y C,Sun W C,Si J,et al.Effects of foliar and root applied silicon on the enhancement of induced resistance to powdery mildew in Cucumis sativus[J].Plant Pathology,2005,54(5):678-685.
[19]莫熙礼,蒋选利,武华文,等.白粉病菌对不同抗性辣椒品种防御酶活性的影响及其互作超微结构分析[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(6):229-232.
[2]Granke L L,Hausbeck M K.Effects of temperature,humidity,and wounding on development of phytophthora rot of cucumber fruit[J].Plant Disease,2010,94(12):1417-1424.
[3]Frank J L,Rivard C L,Kubota C.Grafting fruiting vegetables to manage soilborne pathogens,foliar pathogens,arthropods and weeds[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2010,127(2):127-146.
[4]Franchoan S,Dubery I A.Cell wall reinforcement in cotton hypocotyls in response to a Verticillium dahliae elicitor[J].Phytochemistry,1997,44(5):811-815.
[5]Van Loon L C,Van Strien E A.The families of pathogenesis-related proteins,their activities,and comparative analysis of PR-1 type proteins[J].Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology,1999,55(2):85-97.
[6]Schneider S,Ullrich W R.Differential induction of resistance and enhanced enzyme activities in cucumber and tobacco caused by treatment with various abiotic and biotic inducers[J].Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology,1994,45(4):291-304.
[7]chen F,Wang M,Zheng Y,et al.Quantitative changes of plant defense enzymes and phytohormone in biocontrol of cucumber Fusarium wilt by Bacillus subtilis B579[J].World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology,2010,26(4):675-684.
[8]Ge Y H,Yang B,Guest D I.Defence responses in leaves of resistant and susceptible melon(Cucumis melo L.)cultivars infected with defence responses in leaves of resistant and susceptible melon(Cucumis melo L.)cultivars infected with Colletotrichum lagenarium[J].Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology,2013,81:13-21.
[9]Li P Q,Luo H Y,Meng J J,et al.Effects of oligosaccharides from endophytic Fusarium oxysporum Dzf17 on activities of defense-related enzymes in Dioscorea zingiberensis suspension cell and seedling cultures[J].Electronic Journal of Biotechnology,2014,17(4):156-161.
[10]邹芳斌,司龙亭,李新,等.黄瓜枯萎病抗性与防御系统几种酶活性关系的研究[J].华北农学报,2008,23(3):181-184.
[11]周星洋,张功营,董丽红,等.青枯菌侵染不同抗病烟草品种的防御性酶活性及代谢组分差异分析[J].华南农业大学学报,2016(3):73-81.
[12]Gregory J C,Mccabe C F.Identification of a developmentally regulated keratan sulfate proteoglycan that inhibits cell adhesion and neurite outgrowth[J].Neuron,1991,7(6):1007-1018.
[13]侯茜,羊杏平,张曼,等.西瓜幼苗根系防御酶活性变化与枯萎病抗性的关系[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(12):147-149.
[14]李新,司龙亭.黄瓜不同品种苗期感染枯萎病菌后几种酶活性的变化[J].华北农学报,2007,22(B8):9-11.
[15]刘守伟,吴凤芝,马艳玲.枯萎病菌对不同抗性黄瓜品种几酶活性的影响[J].植物保护,2009,35(1):82-85.
[16]张少英,王俊斌,王海凤,等.甜菜几丁质酶和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性与其对丛根病抗性的关系[J].植物生理与分子生物学学报,2005,31(3):281-286.
[17]左豫虎,康振生,杨传平,等.β-1,3-葡聚糖酶和几丁质酶活性与大豆对疫霉根腐病抗性的关系[J].植物病理学报,2009(6):600-607.
[18]Liang Y C,Sun W C,Si J,et al.Effects of foliar and root applied silicon on the enhancement of induced resistance to powdery mildew in Cucumis sativus[J].Plant Pathology,2005,54(5):678-685.
[19]莫熙礼,蒋选利,武华文,等.白粉病菌对不同抗性辣椒品种防御酶活性的影响及其互作超微结构分析[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(6):229-232.