摘要
<正>多发性骨髓瘤(multiple myeloma,MM)是B淋巴细胞克隆性恶性肿瘤的一种,约占血液系统恶性疾病的10%,是血液系统第二大肿瘤~([1]),目前仍属于不可治愈性疾病。近年来大剂量化疗联合自体造血干细胞移植以及新药物的应用使其治疗效果取得了显著进展,大大改善了患者病情并延长了生存时间,甚至部分年轻患者可得到"临床治愈"~([2,3])。但绝大多数患者最终面临疾病复发、进展,难以长期生
引文
[1]Siegel R L,Miller K D,Jemal A.Cancer statistics 2015[J].CA Cancer J Clin,2015,65(1):5-29.
[2]Brenner H,Gondos A,Pulte D.Recent major improvement in long-term survival of younger patients with multiple myeloma[J].Blood,2008,111(5):2521-2526.
[3]Martinez J,Blade J,Mateos M V,et al.Long-term prognostic significance of response in multiple myeloma after stem cell transplantation[J].Blood,2011,118(3):529-534.
[4]Sherrod A M,Hari P,Mosse C A,et al.Minimal residual disease testing after stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma[J].Bone Marrow Transplant,2016,51(1):2-12.
[5]Landgren O,Devlin S,Boulad M,et al.Role of MRD status in relation to clinical outcomes in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients:a Meta-analysis[J].Bone Marrow Transplant,2016,51(12):1565-1568.
[6]Paiva B,Garcia S R,San J F.Multiple myeloma minimal residual disease[J].Cancer Treat Res,2016,169(10):103-122.
[7]Palumbo A,Cavallo F,Gay F,et al.Autologous transplantation and maintenance therapy in multiple myeloma[J].N Engl J Med,2014,371(10):895-905.
[8]Mccarthy P L,Holstein S A,Petrucci M T,et al.Lenalidomide maintenance after autologous stem-cell transplantation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma:a Meta-analysis[J].J Clin Oncol,2017,35(29):3279-3289.
[9]Holstein S A,Jung S H,Richardson P G,et al.Updated analysis of CALGB(Alliance)100104assessing lenalidomide versus placebo maintenance after single autologous stem-cell transplantation for multiple myeloma:a randomised,double-blind,phase 3trial[J].Lancet Haematol,2017,4(9):16-18.
[10]Attal M,Olivier P,Lauwers V C.Maintenance treatment with lenalidomide after transplantation for myeloma:analysis of secondary malignancies within the IFM 2005-02trial[J].Blood,2010,116(21):141.
[11]Rosi9nol L,Oriol A,Teruel A I,et al.Maintenance therapy after stem-cell transplantation for multiple myeloma with bortezomib/thalidomide vs.Thalidomide vs.alfa2b-interferon:final results of a phaseⅢpethema/GEM randomized trial[J].Blood,2012,120(21):212-215.
[12]Dimopoulos M A,Palumbo A,Corradini P,et al.Safety and efficacy of pomalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone in STRATUS(MM-010):aphase 3bstudy in refractory multiple myeloma[J].Blood,2016,128(4):497-503.
[13]Chen R,Wang Y,Luan C,et al.Effect of pomalidomide on relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma:a systematic review and Meta-analysis[J].J Cancer,2017,8(10):1801-1808.
[14]Leleu X,Karlin L,Macro M,et al.Pomalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone in multiple myeloma with deletion 17p and/or translocation(4;14):IFM 2010-02trial results[J].Blood,2015,125(9):1411-1417.
[15]Sun C Y,Li J Y,Chu Z B,et al.Efficacy and safety of bortezomib maintenance in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma:a Meta-analysis[J].Bio Sci Rep,2017,37(4):245-247.
[16]Rosinol L,Oriol A,Teruel A I,et al.Bortezomib and thalidomide maintenance after stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma:apethema/gem trial[J].Leukemia,2017,31(9):123-125.
[17]Zou Y,Ma X,Yu H,et al.Carfilzomib/pomalidomide single-agent or in combination with other agents for the management of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma:a Meta-analysis of 37trials[J].Oncotarget,2017,8(24):39805-39817.
[18]Korde N,Roschewski M,Zingone A,et al.Treatment with carfilzomib-lenalidomide-dexamethasone with lenalidomide extension in patients with smoldering or newly diagnosed multiple myeloma[J].JAMA Oncol,2015,1(6):746-754.
[19]Kumar S K,Lalant B,Roy V,et al.Phase 2trial of ixazomib in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma not refractory to bortezomib[J].Blood Cancer J,2015,60(5):338.
[20]Moreau P,Masszi T,Grzasko N,et al.Oral ixazomib,lenalidomide,and dexamethasone for multiple myeloma[J].N Engl J Med,2016,374(17):1621-1634.
[21]Chauhan D,Singh A V,Aujay M,et al.A novel orally active proteasome inhibitor ONX 0912triggers in vitro and in vocytotoxicity in multiple myeloma[J].Blood,2010,116(23):4906-4915.
[22]Kroger N,Mini M M.How to harness the graft-versus-myeloma effect and target molecular remission after allogeneic stem cell transplantation[J].Leukemia,2007,21(9):1851-1858.
[23]Vekemans M C,Michaux L,Van E,et al.Long-term survival after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for advanced stage multiple myeloma[J].Br J Haematol,2014,166(4):616-618.
[24]Porter D L,Hwang W T,Frey N V,et al.Chimeric antigen receptor T cells persist and induce sustained remissions in relapsed refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia[J].Sci Transl Med,2015,7(303):303.
[25]Lee D W,Kochenderfer J N,Stetler S M,et al.T cells expressing CD19chimeric antigen receptors for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children and young adults:a phase 1 dose-escalation trial[J].Lancet,2015,385(9967):517-528.
[26]Davila M L,Sauter C,Brentjens R.CD19-targeted T cells for hematologic malignancies:clinical experience to date[J].Cancer J,2015,21(6):470-474.
[27]Garfall A L,Maus M V,Hwang W T,et al.Chimeric antigen receptor T cells against CD19for multiple myeloma[J].N Engl J Med,2015,373(11):1040-1047.
[28]Atanackovic D,Radhakrishnan S V,Bhardwaj N,et al.Chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)therapy for multiple myeloma[J].Br J Haematol,2016,172(5):685-698.