基于三角波调制的免标定气体浓度测量方法研究
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摘要
可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱技术中的波长调制方法具有适应恶劣环境以及灵敏度高等特点,在气体浓度测量方面得到了广泛应用。与常用的正弦波调制相比,三角波调制方式具有更高的灵敏度,但一般采用标定的方法来实现气体浓度的测量。提出了基于三角波调制的免标定波长调制方法,建立了分布反馈激光器在三角波调制下的频率响应模型。实验结果表明,使用所提频率响应关系式可使标准具信号拟合结果的相对残差小于0.4%,一次谐波归一化二次谐波信号拟合结果的相对残差小于1.2%,证明了该模型的可行性;实现了基于三角波调制的CH4气体浓度的免标定测量。
The wavelength modulation method in tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy is widely used in the measurement of gas concentration due to its advantages of adapting to harsh environment and high sensitivity.Compared with the common sine wave modulation,the triangular modulation has higher sensitivity.However,the triangular modulation method is generally combined with the calibration approach to measure gas concentration.In this study,a new calibration-free method based on triangular wave modulation is proposed and a frequency response model of distributed feedback laser is developed.The experimental results illustrate that the relative residual of etalon signal is less than 0.4% and the relative residual of the first harmonic normalized second harmonic signal is less than 1.2%,which prove the feasibility of the proposed model.The calibration-free measurement of CH4 gas concentration based on triangular wave modulation is realized.
The wavelength modulation method in tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy is widely used in the measurement of gas concentration due to its advantages of adapting to harsh environment and high sensitivity.Compared with the common sine wave modulation,the triangular modulation has higher sensitivity.However,the triangular modulation method is generally combined with the calibration approach to measure gas concentration.In this study,a new calibration-free method based on triangular wave modulation is proposed and a frequency response model of distributed feedback laser is developed.The experimental results illustrate that the relative residual of etalon signal is less than 0.4% and the relative residual of the first harmonic normalized second harmonic signal is less than 1.2%,which prove the feasibility of the proposed model.The calibration-free measurement of CH4 gas concentration based on triangular wave modulation is realized.
引文
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[20]Margolis J S.Measured line positions and strengths of methane between 5500and 6180cm-1[J].Applied Optics,1988,27(19):4038-4051.
[21]He Q,Dang P,Liu Z,et al.TDLAS-WMS based near-infrared methane sensor system using hollow-core photonic crystal fiber as gas-chamber[J].Optical&Quantum Electronics,2017,49:115.
[22]Zheng C T,Ye W L,Huang J Q,et al.Performance improvement of a near-infrared CH4 detection device using wavelet-denoising-assisted wavelength modulation technique[J].Sensors&Actuators B Chemical,2014,190(1):249-258.
[2]Gao Guangzhen,Cai Tingdong.CO concentration measurement using multi-mode laser diode absorption spectroscopy near 1570nm[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2016,36(5):0530002.高光珍,蔡廷栋.1570nm附近多模二极管激光吸收光谱CO浓度测量[J].光学学报,2016,36(5):0530002.
[3]Wang Yinxiu,Chen Dong,Jia Zhaoli,et al.Experimental study on the characteristics of near-infrared high resolution absorption spectroscopy of CO[J].Laser&Optoelectronics Progress,2015,52(11):113004.王尹秀,陈东,贾兆丽,等.CO近红外高分辨吸收光谱特性的实验研究[J].激光与光电子学进展,2015,52(11):113004.
[4]Bomse D S,Stanton A C,Silver J A.Frequency modulation and wavelength modulation spectroscopies:comparison of experimental methods using a lead-salt diode laser[J].Applied Optics,1992,31(6):718-731.
[5]Silver J A,Kane D J.Diode laser measurements of concentration and temperature in microgravity combustion[J].Measurement Science and Technology,1999,10(10):845-852.
[6]Dong L,Li C,Yu Y,et al.Compact TDLAS based sensors using interband cascade lasers for CH2O and CH4trace gas measurements[C].Optics and Photonics for Energy and the Environment,Suzhou,China,2015:ETuA.5.
[7]Rieker G B,Jeffries J B,Hanson R K.Calibration-free wavelength-modulation spectroscopy for measurements of gas temperature and concentration in harsh environments[J].Applied Optics,2009,48(29):5546-5560.
[8]Chao X,Jeffries J B,Hanson R K.Wavelength-modulation-spectroscopy for real-time,in situ NO detection in combustion gases with a 5.2μm quantum-cascade laser[J].Applied Physics B,2012,106(4):987-997.
[9]Sun K,Chao X,Sur R,et al.Analysis of calibration-free wavelength-scanned wavelength modulation spectroscopy for practical gas sensing using tunable diode lasers[J].Measurement Science&Technology,2013,24(12):125203.
[10]Sun K,Sur R,Jeffries J B,et al.Application of wavelength-scanned wavelength-modulation spectroscopy H2Oabsorption measurements in an engineering-scale high-pressure coal gasifier[J].Applied Physics B,2014,117(1):411-421.
[11]Johnstone W,Mcgettrick A J,Duffin K,et al.Tunable diode laser spectroscopy for industrial process applications:system characterization in conventional and new approaches[J].IEEE Sensors Journal,2008,8(7):1079-1088.
[12]Goldenstein C S,Strand C L,Schultz I A,et al.Fitting of calibration-free scanned-wavelength-modulation spectroscopy spectra for determination of gas properties and absorption lineshapes[J].Applied Optics,2014,53(3):356-367.
[13]O′Haver T C,Epstein M S,Zander A T.Waveform effects in wavelength modulation spectrometry[J].Analytical Chemistry,1977,49(49):458-461.
[14]Iguchi T.Modulation waveforms for second-harmonic detection with tunable diode lasers[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America B,1986,3(3):419-423.
[15]Saarela J,Toivonen J,Manninen A,et al.Wavelength modulation waveforms in laser photoacoustic spectroscopy[J].Applied Optics,2009,48(4):743-747.
[16]Gamache R R,Kennedy S,Hawkins R,et al.Total internal partition sums for molecules in the terrestrial atmosphere[J].Journal of Molecular Structure,2000,517/518:407-425.
[17]Jannson T P,Aye T M,Hirsh J W,et al.High finesse holographic fabry-perot etalon and method of fabricating:US5293272[P].1994-03-08.
[18]Ghafourishiraz H.Distributed feedback laser diodes and optical tunable filters distributed feedback laser diodes and optical tunable filters[M/OL].[2017-04-18].http:∥download.e-bookshelf.de/download/0000/5799/75/L-G-0000579975-0002360038.pdf.
[19]Dutta N K,Hobson W S,Lopata J,et al.Tunable InGaAs/GaAs/InGaP laser[J].Applied Physics Letters,1997,70(10):1219-1220.
[20]Margolis J S.Measured line positions and strengths of methane between 5500and 6180cm-1[J].Applied Optics,1988,27(19):4038-4051.
[21]He Q,Dang P,Liu Z,et al.TDLAS-WMS based near-infrared methane sensor system using hollow-core photonic crystal fiber as gas-chamber[J].Optical&Quantum Electronics,2017,49:115.
[22]Zheng C T,Ye W L,Huang J Q,et al.Performance improvement of a near-infrared CH4 detection device using wavelet-denoising-assisted wavelength modulation technique[J].Sensors&Actuators B Chemical,2014,190(1):249-258.