阿海电站4种土著鱼标志放流效果初报
|
摘要
为了减缓金沙江阿海段水工建筑对水生生物的影响,开展土著鱼人工增殖放流并对其放流效果进行评估。采用T型标对阿海电站2011年度增殖放流的鲈鲤(Percocypris pingi pingi)、四川裂腹鱼(Schizothorax kozlovi)、细鳞裂腹鱼(Schizothorax chongi)和齐口裂腹鱼(Schizothorax prenanti)进行标志放流,通过集中捕捞与渔民反馈的方式进行了重捕调查,集中捕捞每隔2月进行1次,捕捞水域为石鼓-阿海-鲁地拉江段。结果表明,标志个体在阿海电站库区、金安桥电站库区、龙开口电站库区均有捕获,其中渔获量为:阿海库区>金安桥库区>龙开口库区;在正常捕捞强度下,鲈鲤、四川裂腹鱼、细鳞裂腹鱼、齐口裂腹鱼的回捕率分别为0.19%、0.42%、0.37%、0.72%;捕获标志个体在自然水域正常生长。建议在后期的增殖放流活动中,在坝上和坝下选择多点放流,扩大人工增殖群体的分布水域,对增殖对象的资源量变动和遗传渗透开展进一步的研究。
To mitigate the impact of hydraulic structures on aquatic life in the Ahai section of Jinsha River,four species of artificially bred native fish(Percocypris pingi pingi,Schizothorax kozlovi,Schizothorax chongi,and Schizothorax prenanti)were released.The effect of artificial propagation and release of indigenous fish was evaluated using the mark-recapture method.A total of 17 000 fish were released on September 28,2011 at the Ahai Hydropower Station reservoir dock.Ten percent of the fish had a T-shaped mark and recapture was carried out in the Shigu and Ludila sections of the middle Jinsha River.Collection was carried out in December of 2011 and March,June and September of 2012,each over a period of 15 days and river length of 402 km and the data collected included feedback from fishermen.A total of 79 marked fish were caught in the reservoir areas of Ahai Hydropower Station,Jinganqiao Hydropower Station and Longkaikou Hydropower Station and the number of marked fish recaptured was in the order,Ahai Hydropower Station< Jinganqiao Hydropower Station< Longkaikou Hydropower Station.By species,the number of recaptured Percocypris pingi pingi,Schizothorax kozlovi,Schizothorax chongi,Schizothorax prenanti were,respectively,4,21,18 and 36,giving recapture rates of 0.19%,0.42%,0.37%and 0.72%.Recaptured individuals had continued growing in natural waters after release.We recommend(1)expanding the area receiving artificially propagated fish by establishing additional release sites upstream and downstream of the dam and(2)continuing research on the fishery resource and penetration of genes from artificially bred fish into wild populations.
To mitigate the impact of hydraulic structures on aquatic life in the Ahai section of Jinsha River,four species of artificially bred native fish(Percocypris pingi pingi,Schizothorax kozlovi,Schizothorax chongi,and Schizothorax prenanti)were released.The effect of artificial propagation and release of indigenous fish was evaluated using the mark-recapture method.A total of 17 000 fish were released on September 28,2011 at the Ahai Hydropower Station reservoir dock.Ten percent of the fish had a T-shaped mark and recapture was carried out in the Shigu and Ludila sections of the middle Jinsha River.Collection was carried out in December of 2011 and March,June and September of 2012,each over a period of 15 days and river length of 402 km and the data collected included feedback from fishermen.A total of 79 marked fish were caught in the reservoir areas of Ahai Hydropower Station,Jinganqiao Hydropower Station and Longkaikou Hydropower Station and the number of marked fish recaptured was in the order,Ahai Hydropower Station< Jinganqiao Hydropower Station< Longkaikou Hydropower Station.By species,the number of recaptured Percocypris pingi pingi,Schizothorax kozlovi,Schizothorax chongi,Schizothorax prenanti were,respectively,4,21,18 and 36,giving recapture rates of 0.19%,0.42%,0.37%and 0.72%.Recaptured individuals had continued growing in natural waters after release.We recommend(1)expanding the area receiving artificially propagated fish by establishing additional release sites upstream and downstream of the dam and(2)continuing research on the fishery resource and penetration of genes from artificially bred fish into wild populations.
引文
陈宜瑜,1998.横断山区鱼类[M].北京:科学出版社.
何德奎,陈毅峰,2007.高度特化等级裂腹鱼类分子系统发育与生物地理学[J].科学通报,52(3):303-312.
李陆嫔,2011.我国水生生物资源繁殖放流的初步研究:基于效果评价体系的管理[D].上海:上海海洋大学.
李庆彪,李泽冬,1991.放流增殖的基础:幼体生态与放流生态[J].海洋湖沼通报,(1):85-89.
李树华,2014.长江中游草鱼亲本放流的增殖效果及遗传多样性影响评估[D].武汉:华中农业大学.
林元华,1985.海洋生物标志放流技术的研究状况[J].海洋科学,9(5):54-58.
刘奇,2009.褐牙鲆标志技术与增殖放流试验研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学.
罗新,张其中,崔淼,2011.草鱼标志技术的初步研究[J].水生态学杂志,32(6):135-140.
吕红健,2013.许氏平鲉和褐牙鲆标志技术与标志放流追踪评价[D].青岛:中国海洋大学.
倪静洁,2013.阿海水电站人工模拟鱼类产卵场的设计与实施[J].云南水力发电,(4):8-11.
王龙涛,2015.怒江上游水电开发对鱼类栖息环境影响分析及保护[D].武汉:华中农业大学.
王茂元,黄洪贵,赖铭勇,等,2015.鲢鱼增殖放流标志技术研究[J].江苏农业科学,43(9):261-263.
杨德国,危起伟,王凯,等,2005.人工标志放流中华鲟幼鱼的降河洄游[J].水生生物学报,29(1):26-30.
杨君兴,潘晓赋,陈小勇,等,2013.中国淡水鱼类人工增殖放流现状[J].动物学研究,34(4):267-280.
张金浩,2013.山东半岛南部海蜇增殖放流效果评价[D].烟台:烟台大学.
朱雪莲,王志勇,陈明茹,2006.系统地理学的研究及其在鱼类上的应用[J].浙江海洋学院学报(自然科学版),25(2):183-191.
何德奎,陈毅峰,2007.高度特化等级裂腹鱼类分子系统发育与生物地理学[J].科学通报,52(3):303-312.
李陆嫔,2011.我国水生生物资源繁殖放流的初步研究:基于效果评价体系的管理[D].上海:上海海洋大学.
李庆彪,李泽冬,1991.放流增殖的基础:幼体生态与放流生态[J].海洋湖沼通报,(1):85-89.
李树华,2014.长江中游草鱼亲本放流的增殖效果及遗传多样性影响评估[D].武汉:华中农业大学.
林元华,1985.海洋生物标志放流技术的研究状况[J].海洋科学,9(5):54-58.
刘奇,2009.褐牙鲆标志技术与增殖放流试验研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学.
罗新,张其中,崔淼,2011.草鱼标志技术的初步研究[J].水生态学杂志,32(6):135-140.
吕红健,2013.许氏平鲉和褐牙鲆标志技术与标志放流追踪评价[D].青岛:中国海洋大学.
倪静洁,2013.阿海水电站人工模拟鱼类产卵场的设计与实施[J].云南水力发电,(4):8-11.
王龙涛,2015.怒江上游水电开发对鱼类栖息环境影响分析及保护[D].武汉:华中农业大学.
王茂元,黄洪贵,赖铭勇,等,2015.鲢鱼增殖放流标志技术研究[J].江苏农业科学,43(9):261-263.
杨德国,危起伟,王凯,等,2005.人工标志放流中华鲟幼鱼的降河洄游[J].水生生物学报,29(1):26-30.
杨君兴,潘晓赋,陈小勇,等,2013.中国淡水鱼类人工增殖放流现状[J].动物学研究,34(4):267-280.
张金浩,2013.山东半岛南部海蜇增殖放流效果评价[D].烟台:烟台大学.
朱雪莲,王志勇,陈明茹,2006.系统地理学的研究及其在鱼类上的应用[J].浙江海洋学院学报(自然科学版),25(2):183-191.