‘单花’梨花芽特性及其形态分化过程研究
|
摘要
‘单花’梨是从‘大香水’(Pyrus ussriensis Maxim.)梨单株中选出的具有单花、单果特性的芽变品种。以‘大香水’梨为对照,通过田间调查和显微观察对‘单花’梨花芽特征及花芽分化过程进行了研究。结果表明:与‘大香水’梨混合花芽不同,‘单花’梨花芽表现出不完全混合花芽和纯花芽两种类型;‘单花’梨花序单花出现在花芽分化初期,即花芽形态分化过程中只形成1个花原基,与‘大香水’梨形成多个花原基存在明显差异。
The ‘Danhua' pear is a bud mutation type with single flower and single fruit which was found in Daxiangshui pear(Pyrus ussriensis Maxim.). In this research,to understand the development process of the flower bud with single flower of Danhua pear,the characteristics and differential process of floral bud were studied through field investigation and microstructure observation,and Daxiangshui pear was used as control. The results showed that the Danhua pear had two types of flower buds,incomplete mixed bud and simple flower bud,which is different from Daxiangshui pear and other pear cultivars. The single-flower inflorescence of Danhua pear formed at the early stage of flower bud differentiation. Danhua pear developed only one flower primordium during morphological differentiation of floral bud,while Daxiangshui pear developed multi-flower primordium at the same stage.
The ‘Danhua' pear is a bud mutation type with single flower and single fruit which was found in Daxiangshui pear(Pyrus ussriensis Maxim.). In this research,to understand the development process of the flower bud with single flower of Danhua pear,the characteristics and differential process of floral bud were studied through field investigation and microstructure observation,and Daxiangshui pear was used as control. The results showed that the Danhua pear had two types of flower buds,incomplete mixed bud and simple flower bud,which is different from Daxiangshui pear and other pear cultivars. The single-flower inflorescence of Danhua pear formed at the early stage of flower bud differentiation. Danhua pear developed only one flower primordium during morphological differentiation of floral bud,while Daxiangshui pear developed multi-flower primordium at the same stage.
引文
Chen Linlin.2014.Research on Malus Mill.Sect.Gymnomeles Koehne based on the statistical method[M.D.Dissertation].Liaocheng:Liaocheng University.(in Chinese)陈琳琳.2014.基于统计的方法对苹果属山荆子组的分类研究[硕士论文].聊城：聊城大学.
Fan Weiguo,Liu Guoqing,An Huaming,He Songtao,Luo Chong,Liu Jinping.2003.Study on the changes of endogenous hormones,carbohydrate and nitrogen nutrition at the flower bud differentiation stage of Rosa roxburghii.Journal of Fruit Science,(1):40-43.(in Chinese)樊卫国，刘国琴，安华明，何嵩涛，罗充，刘进平.2003.刺梨花芽分化期芽中内源激素和碳、氮营养的含量动态.果树学报，(1):40-43.
Gao Zhenghua,Jia Xiusheng,Wang Fusheng,Li Weizhong.1979.A preliminary report on the study of single flower tomato.Hereditas(Beijing),(3):25-26.(in Chinese)高振华，贾秀盛，王福盛，李维仲.1979.单花番茄研究初报.遗传，(3):25-26.
Geng Yutao.1988.Discussion on fruit bud and knot strength of fruit trees.Plants,(1):32-33.(in Chinese)耿玉韬.1988.漫谈果树花芽与结实力.植物杂志，(1):32-33.
Guo Jingli,Zhang Yulan.1998.The Observation on flower-bud differentiation of apple-fruit tree.Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition),(3):73-77.(in Chinese)郭金丽，张玉兰.1998.苹果梨花芽分化的观察.内蒙古农牧学院学报（自然科学版），(3):73-77.
Hou Jiaxian,Cui Long,Liu Hongxia,Gao yujiang.2016.Comparative Study on botanical and biological characteristics of Danhua pear bud sport.Agriculture and Technology,36(5):48-49.(in Chinese)侯佳贤，崔龙，刘洪霞，高玉江.2016.单花芽变梨植物学及生物性特性比较研究.36(5)：农业与技术，48-49.
Lin Shuzeng,Xu Jimin,Huang Jun.1989.Preliminary report on the study of flower bud differentiation of Avocado.China Fruits,(3):20-23.(in Chinese)林淑增，徐继敏，黄俊.1989.油梨花芽分化研究初报.中国果树，(3):20-23.
Meng Juan,Jia Bing,Heng Wei,Ye Zhengfeng,Zhu Liwu.2012.Observational research on flower bud differentiation and flower phenophase of pear variety Dangshansuli.Anhui Forestry Science and Technology,38(1):15-19.(in Chinese)孟娟，贾兵，衡伟，叶振风，朱立武.2012.砀山酥梨花芽分化及开花物候期观察研究.安徽林业科技，38(1):15-19.
Qian Guanze.2005.Study on taxonomic of Malus Mill.[Ph.D.Dissertation].Nanjing:Nanjing Forestry University.(in Chinese)钱关泽.2005.苹果属（Malus Mill.）分类学研究[博士论文].南京：南京林业大学.
Wang Xuexia.2015.Study on flower bud differentiation of postharvest shoots and methods to promote flower bud differentiation of Guihua pear[M.D.Dissertation].Naning:Guangxi University.(in Chinese)王雪霞.2015.桂花梨采后梢花芽分化规律及促进花芽分化的试验研究[硕士论文].南宁：广西大学.
Wu Bangliang.1988.Discussion on several problems in flower bud differentiation and development of fruit trees.Deciduous Fruits,(1):15-19.(in Chinese)吴邦良.1988.果树花芽分化和发育过程中几个问题的探讨.落叶果树，(1):15-19.
Yong Weidong,Tan Kehui,Xu Zhihong,Zhu Zhiqing,Zhong Kang.2000.Genetic regulation of flowering time in higher plants.Chinese Science Bulletin,(5):455-466.(in Chinese)雍伟东，谭克辉，许智宏，朱至清，种康.2000.高等植物开花时间决定的基因调控研究.科学通报，(5):455-466.
Zhang Hongwen,Wang Meirong.1992.Discussion on the differentiation of flower bud into complete mixed bud and incomplete mixed bud in‘Chili’.Yantai Fruits,(2):21.(in Chinese)张洪文，王美蓉.1992.茌梨花芽区分为完全混合芽和不完全混合芽的商榷.烟台果树，(2):21-21.
Fan Weiguo,Liu Guoqing,An Huaming,He Songtao,Luo Chong,Liu Jinping.2003.Study on the changes of endogenous hormones,carbohydrate and nitrogen nutrition at the flower bud differentiation stage of Rosa roxburghii.Journal of Fruit Science,(1):40-43.(in Chinese)樊卫国，刘国琴，安华明，何嵩涛，罗充，刘进平.2003.刺梨花芽分化期芽中内源激素和碳、氮营养的含量动态.果树学报，(1):40-43.
Gao Zhenghua,Jia Xiusheng,Wang Fusheng,Li Weizhong.1979.A preliminary report on the study of single flower tomato.Hereditas(Beijing),(3):25-26.(in Chinese)高振华，贾秀盛，王福盛，李维仲.1979.单花番茄研究初报.遗传，(3):25-26.
Geng Yutao.1988.Discussion on fruit bud and knot strength of fruit trees.Plants,(1):32-33.(in Chinese)耿玉韬.1988.漫谈果树花芽与结实力.植物杂志，(1):32-33.
Guo Jingli,Zhang Yulan.1998.The Observation on flower-bud differentiation of apple-fruit tree.Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition),(3):73-77.(in Chinese)郭金丽，张玉兰.1998.苹果梨花芽分化的观察.内蒙古农牧学院学报（自然科学版），(3):73-77.
Hou Jiaxian,Cui Long,Liu Hongxia,Gao yujiang.2016.Comparative Study on botanical and biological characteristics of Danhua pear bud sport.Agriculture and Technology,36(5):48-49.(in Chinese)侯佳贤，崔龙，刘洪霞，高玉江.2016.单花芽变梨植物学及生物性特性比较研究.36(5)：农业与技术，48-49.
Lin Shuzeng,Xu Jimin,Huang Jun.1989.Preliminary report on the study of flower bud differentiation of Avocado.China Fruits,(3):20-23.(in Chinese)林淑增，徐继敏，黄俊.1989.油梨花芽分化研究初报.中国果树，(3):20-23.
Meng Juan,Jia Bing,Heng Wei,Ye Zhengfeng,Zhu Liwu.2012.Observational research on flower bud differentiation and flower phenophase of pear variety Dangshansuli.Anhui Forestry Science and Technology,38(1):15-19.(in Chinese)孟娟，贾兵，衡伟，叶振风，朱立武.2012.砀山酥梨花芽分化及开花物候期观察研究.安徽林业科技，38(1):15-19.
Qian Guanze.2005.Study on taxonomic of Malus Mill.[Ph.D.Dissertation].Nanjing:Nanjing Forestry University.(in Chinese)钱关泽.2005.苹果属（Malus Mill.）分类学研究[博士论文].南京：南京林业大学.
Wang Xuexia.2015.Study on flower bud differentiation of postharvest shoots and methods to promote flower bud differentiation of Guihua pear[M.D.Dissertation].Naning:Guangxi University.(in Chinese)王雪霞.2015.桂花梨采后梢花芽分化规律及促进花芽分化的试验研究[硕士论文].南宁：广西大学.
Wu Bangliang.1988.Discussion on several problems in flower bud differentiation and development of fruit trees.Deciduous Fruits,(1):15-19.(in Chinese)吴邦良.1988.果树花芽分化和发育过程中几个问题的探讨.落叶果树，(1):15-19.
Yong Weidong,Tan Kehui,Xu Zhihong,Zhu Zhiqing,Zhong Kang.2000.Genetic regulation of flowering time in higher plants.Chinese Science Bulletin,(5):455-466.(in Chinese)雍伟东，谭克辉，许智宏，朱至清，种康.2000.高等植物开花时间决定的基因调控研究.科学通报，(5):455-466.
Zhang Hongwen,Wang Meirong.1992.Discussion on the differentiation of flower bud into complete mixed bud and incomplete mixed bud in‘Chili’.Yantai Fruits,(2):21.(in Chinese)张洪文，王美蓉.1992.茌梨花芽区分为完全混合芽和不完全混合芽的商榷.烟台果树，(2):21-21.