标记理论与介词标记
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摘要
标记理论把句式分为有标记(marked)和无标记(unmarked)两种类型。有标记词的句式一般显著度高,而没有标记词的句式则显著度低。介词是汉语最重要的句式标记,虽然数量不多,但使用频率高,构句的作用大,汉语中不少句式是由介词命名的。本文在标记理论指导下对汉语介词标记进行界定,分析了汉语介词标记的功能和特点。基于外国留学生习得介词标记的偏误语料,分析了外国人习得介词标记的问题及偏误产生的原因,最后探讨了解决的对策。
The markedness theory divides the sentence patterns into labeled( marked) and unmarked( unmarked) two types. The sentence patterns with marked words are usually significantly higher,while those without labeled words are significantly lower. The preposition is the most important sentence mark in Chinese,although the quantity is not many,the use frequency is high,the structure sentence function is big; many Chinese sentences are named by the preposition. This paper defines the Chinese preposition mark under the guidance of markedness theory,and analyzes the function and characteristics of the Chinese preposition mark. Based on the foreign students' acquisition of preposition markers,this paper analyzes the problems of foreigners' acquisition of preposition marks and the causes of errors and finally probes into the countermeasures.
The markedness theory divides the sentence patterns into labeled( marked) and unmarked( unmarked) two types. The sentence patterns with marked words are usually significantly higher,while those without labeled words are significantly lower. The preposition is the most important sentence mark in Chinese,although the quantity is not many,the use frequency is high,the structure sentence function is big; many Chinese sentences are named by the preposition. This paper defines the Chinese preposition mark under the guidance of markedness theory,and analyzes the function and characteristics of the Chinese preposition mark. Based on the foreign students' acquisition of preposition markers,this paper analyzes the problems of foreigners' acquisition of preposition marks and the causes of errors and finally probes into the countermeasures.
引文
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(2)陆俭明.汉语语法研究中理论方法的更新与发展[J].汉语学习,2010(1):3-10.
(1)语言标记研究专栏(主持人语)[J].语言文字学,2009(8):32.
(1)王振来,王嘉天.介词“从”的构句机制及习得问题研究[J].辽宁师范大学学报(社会科学版),2016,39(1):117.
(1)王振来.介词标记“连”的构句机制及情景语义研究[J].辽宁师范大学学报(社科版)2015(3):387.
(1)刘润清.西方语言学流派[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2013:63.
(1)吕文华.“把”字句的语义类型[J].汉语学习,1994(4):26-28.
(2)李靖华.概念迁移:留学生汉语中介语偏误重要驱动机制探析[J].云南师范大学学报(对外汉语教学与研究版),2018(2):17.
(1)王振来,王嘉天.介词“从”的构句机制及习得问题研究[J].辽宁师范大学学报(社科版)2016(1):121.
(2)陆俭明.汉语语法研究中理论方法的更新与发展[J].汉语学习,2010(1):3-10.
(1)语言标记研究专栏(主持人语)[J].语言文字学,2009(8):32.
(1)王振来,王嘉天.介词“从”的构句机制及习得问题研究[J].辽宁师范大学学报(社会科学版),2016,39(1):117.
(1)王振来.介词标记“连”的构句机制及情景语义研究[J].辽宁师范大学学报(社科版)2015(3):387.
(1)刘润清.西方语言学流派[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2013:63.
(1)吕文华.“把”字句的语义类型[J].汉语学习,1994(4):26-28.
(2)李靖华.概念迁移:留学生汉语中介语偏误重要驱动机制探析[J].云南师范大学学报(对外汉语教学与研究版),2018(2):17.
(1)王振来,王嘉天.介词“从”的构句机制及习得问题研究[J].辽宁师范大学学报(社科版)2016(1):121.