柚子皮、白胡椒精油的提取及成分分析
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摘要
柚子皮和白胡椒都是中药材,且廉价易得。采用水蒸气蒸馏法得到柚子皮精油提取率为2.2%,白胡椒精油提取率为2.65%。用气相色谱-质谱联用仪鉴定柚子皮精油中含有37种化学成分,白胡椒精油中有48种化学成分,且2种精油的主要成分均为烯烃。白胡椒精油还含有酸类、醚类、烃类、醛类、酯类等,柚子皮精油成分比较复杂,涵盖了烷、烯、醇、醛、酮等化合物。该结果不仅丰富了柚子皮和白胡椒的研究内容,更为进一步的开发利用提供理论参考。
Pomelo peel and white pepper are traditional Chinese medicines,and they are cheap and easy to be gained.The extraction rate of essential oil from pomelo peel and white pepper was 2.2% and 2.65%,respectively,by steam distillation.The extracted essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.The essential oil from Pomelo peel contains 37 kinds of chemical composition,and 48 kinds of chemical composition was measured for white pepper essential oil.Main components of essential oil from pomelo peel and white pepper are olefins.White pepper essential oil also contains acids,ethers,hydrocarbons,aldehydes,esters,et al.Pomelo peel essential oil composition is complicated,which covers the alkanes,alkenes,alcohols,aldehydes,ketones,and so on.Nootkatone is the main contributor to fragrance of pomelo,and ocimene and dihydromyrcene are also major constituents of the characteristic flavor of pomelo.The conclusion not only enriched the content of pomelo peel and white pepper,but also provided a theoretical reference for their further development and utilization.
Pomelo peel and white pepper are traditional Chinese medicines,and they are cheap and easy to be gained.The extraction rate of essential oil from pomelo peel and white pepper was 2.2% and 2.65%,respectively,by steam distillation.The extracted essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.The essential oil from Pomelo peel contains 37 kinds of chemical composition,and 48 kinds of chemical composition was measured for white pepper essential oil.Main components of essential oil from pomelo peel and white pepper are olefins.White pepper essential oil also contains acids,ethers,hydrocarbons,aldehydes,esters,et al.Pomelo peel essential oil composition is complicated,which covers the alkanes,alkenes,alcohols,aldehydes,ketones,and so on.Nootkatone is the main contributor to fragrance of pomelo,and ocimene and dihydromyrcene are also major constituents of the characteristic flavor of pomelo.The conclusion not only enriched the content of pomelo peel and white pepper,but also provided a theoretical reference for their further development and utilization.
引文
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[2] MOHAMMAD SALEH NAJAFINEJAD,POURYA MOHAMMADI,MEHDI AFSAHI M,et al.Green synthesis of the Fe3O4@polythiophen-Ag magnetic nanocatalyst using grapefruit peel extract:Application of the catalyst for reduction of organic dyes in water[J].Journal of Molecular Liquids,2018,262(7):248-254.
[3] 雷晏琳,朱芮,赵茂洁,等.柚子皮基可食性膜的制备及性能研究[J].核农学报,2019,33(2):290-296.
[4] 黄福青,冯利霞,张志鸿,等.发酵柚子皮戊糖片球菌的分离及生物学特性分析[J].中国微生态学杂志,2018,30(9):993-998.
[5] 武中钰,范蕾,陶友荣,等.柚子皮衍生的分级多孔碳作为高性能超级电容器的电极材料[J].无机化学学报,2018,34(7):1249-1260.
[6] LI J N,GUAN E S,CHEN L,et al.Optimization for extraction of an oil recipe consisting of white pepper,long pepper,cinnamon,saffron,and myrrh by supercritical carbon dioxide and the protective effects against oxygen-glucose deprivation in PC12 cells[J].Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia,2018,28(3):312-319.
[7] YU KYUNG JANG,GI RU SHIN,EUN SUNG JUNG,et al.Process specific differential metabolomes for industrial gochujang types(pepper paste)manufactured using white rice,brown rice,and wheat[J].Food Chemistry,2017,234(11):416-424.
[8] LIU H,ZHENG J,LIU P Z,et al.Pulverizing processes affect the chemical quality and thermal property of black,white,and green pepper(Piper nigrum L.)[J].Journal of Food Science and Technology,2018,55(6):2130-2142.
[9] OLUSEGUN ABAYOMI OLALERE,NOUR HAMID ABDURAHMAN,ZULKAFLI HASSAN,et al.Application of orthogonal optimization and feedforward backpropagation model in the microwave extraction of natural antioxidants from tropical white pepper[J].Journal of Analytical Science and Technology,2018,9(1):1-6.
[10] OLUSEGUN ABAYOMI OLALERE,HAMID NOUR ABDURAHMAN,ROSLI BIN MOHD YUNUS,et al.Parameter study,antioxidant activities,morphological and functional characteristics in microwave extraction of medicinal oleoresins from black and white pepper[J].Journal of Taibah University for Science,2018,12(6):730-737.