卷烟主流烟气中树苔特征成分的逐口释放分析
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摘要
为了解苔香型卷烟主流烟气中特征香味成分的逐口递送规律,分别选取17、20和24 mm 3个圆周的成品卷烟,并对烟支进行简单改造,考察了不同样品中2,4-二羟基-3,6-二甲基苯甲酸甲酯、2,4-二羟基-6-甲基苯甲酸乙酯、2-羟基-4-甲氧基-6-丙基苯甲酸乙酯和十六酸乙酯4种树苔成分的释放行为。结果表明:(1)总体而言,圆周17 mm烟支的逐口释放量先升后降,圆周20 mm烟支在第3口后趋于平稳,圆周24 mm烟支则随着逐口抽吸序号持续增加;(2)4种酯类特征成分的性质不同,因此其释放行为有所区别;(3)以单位焦油和单位烟碱计,不同圆周卷烟树苔成分的释放量均随逐口抽吸序号的增加和滤嘴通风的增大而减少,该变化趋势在17 mm卷烟中表现尤为明显;(4)降低吸阻可一定程度上改善酯类特征成分释放的均匀性。
In order to investigate the delivery pattern of characteristic treemoss aroma components in mainstream smoke of cigarette,cigarettes of three different circumferences(17,20 and 24 mm) were sampled.The release behaviors of four characteristic treemoss components,methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate,ethyl 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoate,ethyl 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-propylbenzoate and ethyl hexadecanoate were investigated.The results showed that: 1) Generally,the puff-by-puff releases increased initially and then decreased for the cigarette of 17 mm circumference; while for the cigarette of 20 mm circumference,the puffby-puff releases was stable after the 3 rd puff,and for the cigarette of 24 mm circumference the yield increased continuously with the puff number.2) The different release patterns of the four characteristic ester compounds were mainly due to their different intrinsic properties.3) On per unit tar and per unit nicotine basis,the releases of treemoss aroma components in cigarette smoke of different circumferences decreased with the proceeding puffing and the increase of filter ventilation rate,especially the cigarette of 17 mm circumference.4) The releases of the characteristic ester components became more uniform to a certain extent by reducing the pressure drop of cigarette.
In order to investigate the delivery pattern of characteristic treemoss aroma components in mainstream smoke of cigarette,cigarettes of three different circumferences(17,20 and 24 mm) were sampled.The release behaviors of four characteristic treemoss components,methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate,ethyl 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoate,ethyl 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-propylbenzoate and ethyl hexadecanoate were investigated.The results showed that: 1) Generally,the puff-by-puff releases increased initially and then decreased for the cigarette of 17 mm circumference; while for the cigarette of 20 mm circumference,the puffby-puff releases was stable after the 3 rd puff,and for the cigarette of 24 mm circumference the yield increased continuously with the puff number.2) The different release patterns of the four characteristic ester compounds were mainly due to their different intrinsic properties.3) On per unit tar and per unit nicotine basis,the releases of treemoss aroma components in cigarette smoke of different circumferences decreased with the proceeding puffing and the increase of filter ventilation rate,especially the cigarette of 17 mm circumference.4) The releases of the characteristic ester components became more uniform to a certain extent by reducing the pressure drop of cigarette.
引文
[1]孙汉董.地衣香料研究的进展[J].香料香精化妆品,1990(1):1-10.SUN Handong.Developments in studying of lichens[J].Flavor Fragrance Cosmetics,1990(1):1-10.
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[3]GB 2760-2014食品安全国家标准食品添加剂使用标准[S].GB 2760-2014 National standard for food safetyStandard for uses of food additives[S].
[4]刘强,冒德寿,侯春,等.树苔浸膏、净油香味成分分析及其在卷烟中的应用[J].烟草科技,2005(3):18-21.LIU Qiang,MAO Deshou,HOU Chun,et al.Analysis of treemoss concrete and absolute oil and its application in tobacco flavoring[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2005(3):18-21.
[5]Mcadam K,Eldridge A,Fearon I M,et al.Influence of cigarette circumference on smoke chemistry,biological activity,and smoking behaviour[J].Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology,2016,82:111-126.
[6]葛畅,赵明月,胡有持,等.细支与常规卷烟主流烟气常规指标及中性致香成分对比分析[J].烟草科技,2017,50(4):43-50.GE Chang,ZHAO Mingyue,HU Youchi,et al.Analysis of routine indexes and neutral aroma components in mainstream smoke of slim and normal cigarettes[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2017,50(4):43-50.
[7]Joulain D,Tabacchi R.Lichen extracts as raw materials in perfumery.Part 2:treemoss[J].Flavour and Fragrance Journal,2009,24(3):105-116.
[8]李波,林中文,孙汉董.四种国产地衣的化学成分[J].云南植物研究,1991,13(1):81-84.LI Bo,LIN Zhongwen,SUN Handong.Chemical constituents of four lichens in China[J].Acta Botanica Yunanica,1991,13(1):81-84.
[9]朱怀远,庄亚东,万敏,等.固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法分析树苔浸膏的香气成分[J].理化检验(化学分册),2012,48(6):699-701,704.ZHU Huaiyuan,ZHUANG Yadong,WAN Min,et al.GC-MS analysis of treemoss concrete for its components in aroma with solid phase micro-extraction[J].Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis Part B(Chemical Analysis),2012,48(6):699-701,704.
[10]GB/T 6682-2008分析实验室用水规格和试验方法[S].GB/T 6882-2008 Water for analytical useSpecification and test methods[S].
[11]GB/T 22838.5-2009卷烟和滤棒物理性能的测定第5部分:卷烟吸阻和滤棒压降[S].GB/T 22838.5-2009 Determination of physical characteristics for cigarettes and filter rods-Part 5:Cigarettes draw resistance and filter rods pressure drop[S].
[12]GB/T 22838.15-2009卷烟和滤棒物理性能的测定第15部分:卷烟通风的测定定义和测量原理[S].GB/T 22838.15-2009 Determination of physical characteristics for cigarettes and filter rods-Part 15:Cigarettes-Determination of ventilation-Definitions and measurement principles[S].
[13]GB/T 19609-2004卷烟用常规分析用吸烟机测定总粒相物和焦油[S].GB/T 19609-2004 Cigarettes-Determination of total and nicotine-free dry particulate matter using a routine analytical smoking machine[S].
[14]GB/T 23355-2009卷烟总粒相物中烟碱的测定气相色谱法[S].GB/T 23355-2009 Cigarettes-Determination of nicotine in smoke condensates-Gas-chromatographic method[S].
[15]GB/T 23203.1-2008卷烟总粒相物中水分的测定第1部分:气相色谱法[S].GB/T 23203.1-2008 Cigarettes-Determination of water in smoke condensates-Part 1:Gas-chromatographic method[S].
[16]朱龙杰,朱怀远,庄亚东,等.苔清致香成分柔扁枝衣酸乙酯的合成[J].烟草科技,2017,50(5):60-65.ZHU Longjie,ZHU Huaiyuan,ZHUANG Yadong,et al.Synthesis of moss fragrance component ethyl divaricatinate[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2017,50(5):60-65.
[17]刘强,候春,李海涛,等.低焦油卷烟加香后一些醛酮类香料转移行为[J].中国烟草学报,2008,14(3):1-7.LIU Qiang,HOU Chun,LI Haitao,et al.The transfer behavior of some carbonyl group flavors in low tar cigarettes[J].Acta Tabaccaria Sinica,2008,14(3):1-7.
[18]张艇,宗永立,贾玉国,等.卷烟评吸过程中醛酮类外加香料逐口转移率的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(9):5329-5331,5354.ZHANG Ting,ZONG Yongli,JIA Yuguo,et al.Puff-bypuff transfer ratios of some carbonyl flavors added in cigarettes[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2012,40(9):5329-5331,5354.
[19]李超,张健,姜黎,等.不同卷烟纸及滤棒搭配模式对主流烟气部分化学成分逐口抽吸释放量规律的影响[J].纸和造纸,2014,33(12):29-32.LI Chao,ZHANG Jian,JIANG Li,et al.Analysis of the effects of material parameters on puff-by-puff release characteristics of some chemical compounds in aerosol in cigarette smoke[J].Paper and Paper Making,2014,33(12):29-32.
[2]丁智慧,丁靖垲.梅衣的化学成分[J].云南植物研究,1990,12(1):99-106.DING Zhihui,DING Jingkai.Chemical constituents in Parmelia tinctorum[J].Acta Botanica Yunanica,1990,12(1):99-106.
[3]GB 2760-2014食品安全国家标准食品添加剂使用标准[S].GB 2760-2014 National standard for food safetyStandard for uses of food additives[S].
[4]刘强,冒德寿,侯春,等.树苔浸膏、净油香味成分分析及其在卷烟中的应用[J].烟草科技,2005(3):18-21.LIU Qiang,MAO Deshou,HOU Chun,et al.Analysis of treemoss concrete and absolute oil and its application in tobacco flavoring[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2005(3):18-21.
[5]Mcadam K,Eldridge A,Fearon I M,et al.Influence of cigarette circumference on smoke chemistry,biological activity,and smoking behaviour[J].Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology,2016,82:111-126.
[6]葛畅,赵明月,胡有持,等.细支与常规卷烟主流烟气常规指标及中性致香成分对比分析[J].烟草科技,2017,50(4):43-50.GE Chang,ZHAO Mingyue,HU Youchi,et al.Analysis of routine indexes and neutral aroma components in mainstream smoke of slim and normal cigarettes[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2017,50(4):43-50.
[7]Joulain D,Tabacchi R.Lichen extracts as raw materials in perfumery.Part 2:treemoss[J].Flavour and Fragrance Journal,2009,24(3):105-116.
[8]李波,林中文,孙汉董.四种国产地衣的化学成分[J].云南植物研究,1991,13(1):81-84.LI Bo,LIN Zhongwen,SUN Handong.Chemical constituents of four lichens in China[J].Acta Botanica Yunanica,1991,13(1):81-84.
[9]朱怀远,庄亚东,万敏,等.固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法分析树苔浸膏的香气成分[J].理化检验(化学分册),2012,48(6):699-701,704.ZHU Huaiyuan,ZHUANG Yadong,WAN Min,et al.GC-MS analysis of treemoss concrete for its components in aroma with solid phase micro-extraction[J].Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis Part B(Chemical Analysis),2012,48(6):699-701,704.
[10]GB/T 6682-2008分析实验室用水规格和试验方法[S].GB/T 6882-2008 Water for analytical useSpecification and test methods[S].
[11]GB/T 22838.5-2009卷烟和滤棒物理性能的测定第5部分:卷烟吸阻和滤棒压降[S].GB/T 22838.5-2009 Determination of physical characteristics for cigarettes and filter rods-Part 5:Cigarettes draw resistance and filter rods pressure drop[S].
[12]GB/T 22838.15-2009卷烟和滤棒物理性能的测定第15部分:卷烟通风的测定定义和测量原理[S].GB/T 22838.15-2009 Determination of physical characteristics for cigarettes and filter rods-Part 15:Cigarettes-Determination of ventilation-Definitions and measurement principles[S].
[13]GB/T 19609-2004卷烟用常规分析用吸烟机测定总粒相物和焦油[S].GB/T 19609-2004 Cigarettes-Determination of total and nicotine-free dry particulate matter using a routine analytical smoking machine[S].
[14]GB/T 23355-2009卷烟总粒相物中烟碱的测定气相色谱法[S].GB/T 23355-2009 Cigarettes-Determination of nicotine in smoke condensates-Gas-chromatographic method[S].
[15]GB/T 23203.1-2008卷烟总粒相物中水分的测定第1部分:气相色谱法[S].GB/T 23203.1-2008 Cigarettes-Determination of water in smoke condensates-Part 1:Gas-chromatographic method[S].
[16]朱龙杰,朱怀远,庄亚东,等.苔清致香成分柔扁枝衣酸乙酯的合成[J].烟草科技,2017,50(5):60-65.ZHU Longjie,ZHU Huaiyuan,ZHUANG Yadong,et al.Synthesis of moss fragrance component ethyl divaricatinate[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2017,50(5):60-65.
[17]刘强,候春,李海涛,等.低焦油卷烟加香后一些醛酮类香料转移行为[J].中国烟草学报,2008,14(3):1-7.LIU Qiang,HOU Chun,LI Haitao,et al.The transfer behavior of some carbonyl group flavors in low tar cigarettes[J].Acta Tabaccaria Sinica,2008,14(3):1-7.
[18]张艇,宗永立,贾玉国,等.卷烟评吸过程中醛酮类外加香料逐口转移率的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(9):5329-5331,5354.ZHANG Ting,ZONG Yongli,JIA Yuguo,et al.Puff-bypuff transfer ratios of some carbonyl flavors added in cigarettes[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2012,40(9):5329-5331,5354.
[19]李超,张健,姜黎,等.不同卷烟纸及滤棒搭配模式对主流烟气部分化学成分逐口抽吸释放量规律的影响[J].纸和造纸,2014,33(12):29-32.LI Chao,ZHANG Jian,JIANG Li,et al.Analysis of the effects of material parameters on puff-by-puff release characteristics of some chemical compounds in aerosol in cigarette smoke[J].Paper and Paper Making,2014,33(12):29-32.