采样参数设置对小鼠心电图波形的影响
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摘要
目的探讨采样参数设置对小鼠心电图波形的影响。方法选用C57小鼠,戊巴比妥钠麻醉,四肢皮下插针式电极,连接RM6240BD型多道生理信号采集处理系统,选择不同的采样参数设置,对心电图进行采样、记录和分析。结果采样速率、低通滤波、时间常数和陷波滤波等采样参数设置均对心电图波形有影响,部分参数会导致心电图不同形式的变形和失真。结论小鼠的心电图实验中应选择合适的采样参数设置,通过操作技术的改进来提高心电图的稳定性,尽量避免或减少滤波的使用,以获得准确的心电图实验结果。
Objective To evaluate the effects of sampling parameters on electrocardiogram(ECG) waveforms in mice. Methods C57 mice were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital and needle electrodes were placed subcutaneously in their limbs. ECG signals were sampled, recorded and analyzed with different sampling parameters using a RM6240 BD multi-channel physiological recording system. Results The sampling rate, low-pass filter, time constant, and notch filter had different effects on ECG waveforms. Some parameters led to various deformation and distortion of the ECG signals. Conclusions Appropriate sampling parameters should be applied in ECG experiments in mice to obtain accurate results. An improved surgical technique is preferred to acquire stable ECG signals instead of filtering or digital smoothing.
Objective To evaluate the effects of sampling parameters on electrocardiogram(ECG) waveforms in mice. Methods C57 mice were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital and needle electrodes were placed subcutaneously in their limbs. ECG signals were sampled, recorded and analyzed with different sampling parameters using a RM6240 BD multi-channel physiological recording system. Results The sampling rate, low-pass filter, time constant, and notch filter had different effects on ECG waveforms. Some parameters led to various deformation and distortion of the ECG signals. Conclusions Appropriate sampling parameters should be applied in ECG experiments in mice to obtain accurate results. An improved surgical technique is preferred to acquire stable ECG signals instead of filtering or digital smoothing.
引文
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[4] 王静,杨晓霞,相有章,等.异丙肾上腺素诱导大鼠急性心肌缺血损伤心电图观察指标的研究[J].中国地方病学杂志,2011,30(1):31-35.Wang J,Yang XX,Xiang YZ,et al.Observational study of relevant electrocardiogram indexes of rat acute ischemic myocardial injury induced by different doses of isoprenaline[J].Chin J Endemiol,2011,30(1):31-35.
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[8] 陈贵良,刘军须,陈则永,等.MIJ和HFJ近交系大鼠心电图表现[J].中国实验动物学报,2012,20(1):55-59.Chen GL,Liu JX,Chen ZY,et al.Characterization of typical ECG of inbred MIJ and HFJ rats[J].Acta Lab Anim Sci Sin,2012,20(1):55-59.
[9] 刘海涛,李飞,王跃民,等.大鼠急性心肌缺血/再灌注模型改良方法与传统方法的比较[J].心脏杂志,2010,22(4):533-536.Liu HT,Li F,Wang YM,et al.Comparison between conventional and modified methods of acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion models[J].Chin Heart J,2010,22(4):533-536.
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[11] 魏峰,张静,韩克,等.非人工通气下大鼠急性心肌梗死模型的建立[J].西安交通大学学报(医学版),2010,31(6):699-702.Wei F,Zhang J,Han K,et al.Establishing a model of acute myocardial infarction in rats without artificial ventilation[J].J Xi’an Jiaotong Univ Med Sci,2010,31(6):699-702.
[12] 张玲,张彦,段明军,等.清醒状态昆明小鼠随日龄变化的心电图分析[J].中国实验动物学报,2010,18(2):113-117.Zhang L,Zhang Y,Duan MJ,et al.Variation of electrocardiogram in conscious Kunming mice at different postnatal days[J].Acta Lab Anim Sci Sin,2010,18(2):113-117.
[13] 王耀晟,何力鹏,周仪华,等.压力负荷型心脏肥大大鼠心电图[J].中华高血压杂志,2008,16(10):933-936.Wang YS,He LP,Zhou YH,et al.Characteristics of electrocardiography in pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy rats[J].Chin J Hypertension,2008,16(10):933-936.
[14] 相有章,杨晓霞,边建朝,等.铬对大鼠心电图及心肌细胞的电生理影响[J].中国应用生理学杂志,1996,12(3):254-258.Xiang YZ,Yang XX,Bian JC,et al.Effects of chromium on electrocardiogram and cardiomyocyte electrophysiology in rats[J].Chin J Appl Physiol,1996,12(3):254-258.
[15] 毕文杉,陶恒沂,张淑英,等.三种药物对实验性矽肺大鼠心电图的影响[J].第二军医大学学报,1996,17(2):157-159.Bi WS,Tao HY,Zhang SY,et al.Effects of three drugs on ECG of rats with experimental silicosis[J].Acad J Sec Mil Med Univ,1996,17(2):157-159.
[16] 张瑞玉,张艳,王艳霞,等.定心胶囊对房颤大鼠心房电重构的影响[J].中华中医药学刊,2008,26(5):981-983.Zhang RY,Zhang Y,Wang YX,et al.The effectment of Dingxin capsule for atrial electrical remodeling of AF rats[J].Chin Arch Tradit Chin Med,2008,26(5):981-983.
[17] 陈春林,巩甜甜,汤依群,等.SD大鼠房颤模型的建立[J].实验动物科学,2009,26(3):1-4.Chen CL,Gong TT,Tang YQ,et al.Establishing a model of atrial fibrillation in SD rats[J].Lab Anim Sci,2009,26(3):1-4.
[18] Opitz CF,Mitchell GF,Pfeffer MA,et al.Arrhythmias and death after coronary artery occlusion in the rat.Continuous telemetric ECG monitoring in conscious,untethered rats[J].Circulation,1995,92(2):253-261.
[19] Tontodonati M,Fasdelli N,Dorigatti R.An improved method of electrode placement in configuration Lead II for the reliable ECG recording by telemetry in the conscious rat[J].J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods,2011,63(1):1-6.
[20] Farraj AK,Hazari MS,Cascio WE.The utility of the small rodent electrocardiogram in toxicology[J].Toxicol Sci.2011,121(1):11-30.
[21] RM6240系列多道生理信号采集处理系统使用说明书[R].Instruction book of RM6240 multi-channel physiological recording instrument[R].
[22] 范建飞,李金花.陷波功能对心电监护仪检定的影响[J].品牌与标准化,2013(9):44-45.Fan JF,Li JH.Effect of notch function on verification of ECG monitor[J].Brand Stdn,2013(9):44-45.
[23] 袁丽华,洪华松,漆新民.陷波滤波器的设计及其应用[J].自动化与仪器仪表,2004(4):20-22.Yuan LH,Hong HS,Qi XM.Design of notch filter and its application[J].Auto Inst App,2004(4):20-22.
[2] 王勇,高大中,殷跃辉,等.大鼠心肌梗死模型建立方法选择及心电图表现[J].中国实验动物学报,2011,19(6):525-529.Wang Y,Gao DZ,Yin YH,et al.Method selection for the establishment of myocardial infarction model and the electrocardiographic presentation in the rats [J].Acta Lab Anim Sci Sin,2011,19(6):525-529.
[3] 陆文娟,周婧,马宏跃,等.抗心律失常药物对蟾酥致小鼠心律失常的影响[J].药学学报,2011,46(10):1187-1192.Lu WJ,Zhou J,Ma HY,et al.Effect of anti-arrhythmia drugs on mouse arrhythmia induced by Bufonis Venenum[J].Acta Pharm Sin,2011,46(10):1187-1192.
[4] 王静,杨晓霞,相有章,等.异丙肾上腺素诱导大鼠急性心肌缺血损伤心电图观察指标的研究[J].中国地方病学杂志,2011,30(1):31-35.Wang J,Yang XX,Xiang YZ,et al.Observational study of relevant electrocardiogram indexes of rat acute ischemic myocardial injury induced by different doses of isoprenaline[J].Chin J Endemiol,2011,30(1):31-35.
[5] 邓宇珺,符永恒,谭宁,等.大鼠活体心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型的建立与综合评估[J].中国病理生理杂志,2011,27(2):412-416.Deng YJ,Fu YH,Tan N,et al.Establishment and evaluation of rat heart ischemia-reperfusion injury model in vivo[J].Chin J Pathophysiol,2011,27(2):412-416.
[6] 陈志坚,廖玉华,唐省三,等.BALB/c小鼠巨细胞病毒性心肌炎模型的特征[J].中国病理生理杂志,2008,24(3):466-469.Chen ZJ,Liao YH,Tang SS,et al.Characteristics of murine cytomegalo virus myocarditis in BALB/c mice[J].Chin J Pathophysiol,2008,24(3):466-469.
[7] 肖召文,姜昕,付珺,等.虎杖苷对小鼠急性心肌梗死后心肌细胞损伤的保护作用[J].华中科技大学学报(医学版),2016,45(2):176-180.Xiao ZW,Jiang X,Fu J,et al.Polydatin protects myocardiocytes from acute myocardial infarction injury in mice[J].Acta Med Univ Sci Technol Huazhong,2016,45(2):176-180.
[8] 陈贵良,刘军须,陈则永,等.MIJ和HFJ近交系大鼠心电图表现[J].中国实验动物学报,2012,20(1):55-59.Chen GL,Liu JX,Chen ZY,et al.Characterization of typical ECG of inbred MIJ and HFJ rats[J].Acta Lab Anim Sci Sin,2012,20(1):55-59.
[9] 刘海涛,李飞,王跃民,等.大鼠急性心肌缺血/再灌注模型改良方法与传统方法的比较[J].心脏杂志,2010,22(4):533-536.Liu HT,Li F,Wang YM,et al.Comparison between conventional and modified methods of acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion models[J].Chin Heart J,2010,22(4):533-536.
[10] 王松子,毛亮,魏巍,等.电针对酸敏感离子通道3基因敲除小鼠心肌缺血后损伤的影响[J].中华中医药杂志,2016,31(4):1406-1408.Wang SZ,Mao L,Wei W,et al.Effects of electroacupuncture on acid-sensing ion channel 3 in knock-out mice with myocardial ischemia damages[J].Chin Tradit Chin Med Pharm,2016,31(4):1406-1408.
[11] 魏峰,张静,韩克,等.非人工通气下大鼠急性心肌梗死模型的建立[J].西安交通大学学报(医学版),2010,31(6):699-702.Wei F,Zhang J,Han K,et al.Establishing a model of acute myocardial infarction in rats without artificial ventilation[J].J Xi’an Jiaotong Univ Med Sci,2010,31(6):699-702.
[12] 张玲,张彦,段明军,等.清醒状态昆明小鼠随日龄变化的心电图分析[J].中国实验动物学报,2010,18(2):113-117.Zhang L,Zhang Y,Duan MJ,et al.Variation of electrocardiogram in conscious Kunming mice at different postnatal days[J].Acta Lab Anim Sci Sin,2010,18(2):113-117.
[13] 王耀晟,何力鹏,周仪华,等.压力负荷型心脏肥大大鼠心电图[J].中华高血压杂志,2008,16(10):933-936.Wang YS,He LP,Zhou YH,et al.Characteristics of electrocardiography in pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy rats[J].Chin J Hypertension,2008,16(10):933-936.
[14] 相有章,杨晓霞,边建朝,等.铬对大鼠心电图及心肌细胞的电生理影响[J].中国应用生理学杂志,1996,12(3):254-258.Xiang YZ,Yang XX,Bian JC,et al.Effects of chromium on electrocardiogram and cardiomyocyte electrophysiology in rats[J].Chin J Appl Physiol,1996,12(3):254-258.
[15] 毕文杉,陶恒沂,张淑英,等.三种药物对实验性矽肺大鼠心电图的影响[J].第二军医大学学报,1996,17(2):157-159.Bi WS,Tao HY,Zhang SY,et al.Effects of three drugs on ECG of rats with experimental silicosis[J].Acad J Sec Mil Med Univ,1996,17(2):157-159.
[16] 张瑞玉,张艳,王艳霞,等.定心胶囊对房颤大鼠心房电重构的影响[J].中华中医药学刊,2008,26(5):981-983.Zhang RY,Zhang Y,Wang YX,et al.The effectment of Dingxin capsule for atrial electrical remodeling of AF rats[J].Chin Arch Tradit Chin Med,2008,26(5):981-983.
[17] 陈春林,巩甜甜,汤依群,等.SD大鼠房颤模型的建立[J].实验动物科学,2009,26(3):1-4.Chen CL,Gong TT,Tang YQ,et al.Establishing a model of atrial fibrillation in SD rats[J].Lab Anim Sci,2009,26(3):1-4.
[18] Opitz CF,Mitchell GF,Pfeffer MA,et al.Arrhythmias and death after coronary artery occlusion in the rat.Continuous telemetric ECG monitoring in conscious,untethered rats[J].Circulation,1995,92(2):253-261.
[19] Tontodonati M,Fasdelli N,Dorigatti R.An improved method of electrode placement in configuration Lead II for the reliable ECG recording by telemetry in the conscious rat[J].J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods,2011,63(1):1-6.
[20] Farraj AK,Hazari MS,Cascio WE.The utility of the small rodent electrocardiogram in toxicology[J].Toxicol Sci.2011,121(1):11-30.
[21] RM6240系列多道生理信号采集处理系统使用说明书[R].Instruction book of RM6240 multi-channel physiological recording instrument[R].
[22] 范建飞,李金花.陷波功能对心电监护仪检定的影响[J].品牌与标准化,2013(9):44-45.Fan JF,Li JH.Effect of notch function on verification of ECG monitor[J].Brand Stdn,2013(9):44-45.
[23] 袁丽华,洪华松,漆新民.陷波滤波器的设计及其应用[J].自动化与仪器仪表,2004(4):20-22.Yuan LH,Hong HS,Qi XM.Design of notch filter and its application[J].Auto Inst App,2004(4):20-22.