秦岭山区路网空间格局及其对乡村聚落破碎化的影响分析
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摘要
以地处秦岭山区的商州区为例,采用核密度估算法(KDE),并结合景观指数方法及GIS空间分析技术,探讨了县域路网空间格局及其对乡村聚落景观破碎化的影响。结果表明:(1)KDE法能有效识别和提取高密度路网热点区域,2km的带宽能清晰辨别出路网的密度中心;(2)商州区的路网在空间分布上具有不均衡性,总体上呈分支状分布,呈现一"核"多"极"的发展态势;(3)随着道路辐射能力的减弱,乡村聚落的景观破碎度逐渐加剧;(4)随着路网密度等级的提高,乡村聚落的景观破碎度逐渐下降。
Taking Shangzhou district as the study area,the article was to explore the county's road network and its impact on landscape fragmentation of the rural settlements by employing kernel density estimation(KDE),combining with landscape index method and GIS spatial analysis techniques. The study had the following results: 1) kernel density estimation(KDE)can effectively identify and extract the hot region of high density road network,the density centers of the road network can be clearly identified by 2 km bandwidth; 2) the road network in Shangzhou District represents imbalanced in the spatial distribution,and was branched in general,it also presented a "core" and more "extreme" spatial development tendency; 3)with the weakening of the road radiation,landscape fragmentation of rural settlements gradually increased; 4) with the elevation of the road network density grades,landscape fragmentation of rural settlements gradually decreased.
Taking Shangzhou district as the study area,the article was to explore the county's road network and its impact on landscape fragmentation of the rural settlements by employing kernel density estimation(KDE),combining with landscape index method and GIS spatial analysis techniques. The study had the following results: 1) kernel density estimation(KDE)can effectively identify and extract the hot region of high density road network,the density centers of the road network can be clearly identified by 2 km bandwidth; 2) the road network in Shangzhou District represents imbalanced in the spatial distribution,and was branched in general,it also presented a "core" and more "extreme" spatial development tendency; 3)with the weakening of the road radiation,landscape fragmentation of rural settlements gradually increased; 4) with the elevation of the road network density grades,landscape fragmentation of rural settlements gradually decreased.
引文
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[18]张红兵.试论公路建设与生态孤岛效应[J].福建环境,2002,19(3):41-42
[2]王庆芳,王瑷玲,东野光亮,等.农村居民点用地整理技术模式研究—以惠民县胡集镇为例[J].山东农业大学学报·(自然科学版),2009,40(4):550-554
[3]纪广韦,王瑷玲,朱忠显,等.农村居民点土地整治潜力分析—以烟台市牟平区为例[J].山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),2011,42(4):597-602
[4]姜广辉.社会经济转型加速期农村居民点用地形态演化及其调控[D].北京:中国农业大学,2007
[5]李君.农户居住空间演变及区位选择研究—以河南省巩义市为例[D].郑州:河南大学,2009
[6]曹龙熹,张科利,张卓栋,等.黄土高原典型小流域道路特征及影响因素[J].地理研究,2008,27(6):1271-1279
[7]刘世梁,温敏霞,崔保山,等.道路影响域的界定及其空间分异规律—以纵向岭谷区为例[J].地理科学进展,2008,27(5):122-128
[8]李双成,许月卿,周巧富.中国道路网与生态系统破碎化关系统计分析[J].地理科学进展,2004,23(5):78-84
[9]刘世梁,温敏霞,崔保山,等.道路网络扩展对区域生态系统的影响—以景洪市纵向岭谷区为例[J].生态学报,26(9):3018-3024
[10]张世远,李光德,徐玉新,等.城市道路两侧土壤重金属污染模糊评价[J].山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),2009,40(1):83-87
[11]王红,闫庆武,张昊.GIS支持下的道路对县域人口分布的影响—以沛县为例[J].云南地理环境研究,2011,23(2):34-39
[12]杨忠臣,陆玉麒.高速公路建设与区域城镇分布的相互影响初探—以山东省为例[J].中国人口·资源与环境2003,13(3):57-61
[13]卢青,田晓玉,周洁,等.经济发达区道路对两侧农村居民点演变影响研究[J].国土资源科技管理,2011,28(5):7-12
[14]刘锐,胡伟平,王红亮,等.基于核密度估计的广佛都市区路网演变分析[J].地理科学,2011,31(1):81-86
[15]Shi S.Selection of bandwidth type and adjustment side in kernel density estimation over inhomogeneous backgrounds[J].Geographical Information Science,2010,24(5):643-660
[16]邬建国.景观生态学—格局、过程、尺度与等级[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2007:106-115
[17]应纪来,徐伟峰,刘新萍.中国公路通车里程现状分析[J].中国科技信息,2006,17(9):118-119
[18]张红兵.试论公路建设与生态孤岛效应[J].福建环境,2002,19(3):41-42