记忆抱怨主诉人群记忆障碍感知的质性研究
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摘要
目的了解记忆抱怨主诉人群记忆障碍感知状况,为临床开展针对性护理干预提供思路。方法采用现象学研究方法,对15例记忆抱怨主诉个案进行深度访谈。结果记忆抱怨主诉人群存在负性记忆障碍感知,并可归纳为4个主题:盲目接受现实(宿命论),忽略社会支持(认为得不到他人的帮助),知识缺乏(缺乏改善记忆力或延缓记忆问题恶化的方法,对记忆问题感到不理解和困惑),消极的个人认知(记忆力减退是老化的标志;记忆下降是痴傻的表现)。结论记忆抱怨主诉人群存在负性记忆障碍感知。医护人员应了解记忆抱怨主诉人群记忆障碍感知来源,及早干预,帮助患者树立正确的记忆障碍感知体验,从而促进其健康相关行为方式的选择。
Objective To understand the perception of memory impairment in people with subjective memory complaints(SMC), and to provide mentality for implementing targeted nursing intervention in clinic.Methods Phenomenological method was used, and in-depth interviews were conducted among 15 people with SMC.Results The perception of memory impairment in people with SMC could be mainly summarized and classified into 4 themes: accepting reality blindly(fatalism), ignoring social support(believing that no one else can help), lacking of knowledge(lacking the methods of memory improving or delaying the deterioration of memory problems, misunderstanding and confused with memory problems), passive individual perception(memory degrading was a sign of aging, memory decline was the manifestation of dementia).Conclusion The people with SMC experienced negative perception of memory impairment.Medical staff should be aware of the perception source of memory impairment among the people with SMC, and take intervention as early as possible, so as to help patients forming positive perception of memory impairment, and choosing health-related behaviors.
Objective To understand the perception of memory impairment in people with subjective memory complaints(SMC), and to provide mentality for implementing targeted nursing intervention in clinic.Methods Phenomenological method was used, and in-depth interviews were conducted among 15 people with SMC.Results The perception of memory impairment in people with SMC could be mainly summarized and classified into 4 themes: accepting reality blindly(fatalism), ignoring social support(believing that no one else can help), lacking of knowledge(lacking the methods of memory improving or delaying the deterioration of memory problems, misunderstanding and confused with memory problems), passive individual perception(memory degrading was a sign of aging, memory decline was the manifestation of dementia).Conclusion The people with SMC experienced negative perception of memory impairment.Medical staff should be aware of the perception source of memory impairment among the people with SMC, and take intervention as early as possible, so as to help patients forming positive perception of memory impairment, and choosing health-related behaviors.
引文
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[15] 孙似锦,白秀丽,吕继辉,等.阿尔茨海默病患者的记忆策略训练[J].护理学杂志,2017,32(15):79-81.
[2] Schultz S A,Oh J M,Koscik R L,et al.Subjective memory complaints,cortical thinning,and cognitive dysfunction in middle-aged adults at risk for AD[J].Alzheimers Dement (Amst),2015,1(1):33-40.
[3] Mitchell A J.Is it time to separate subjective cognitive complaints from the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment?[J].Age Ageing,2008,37(5):497-499.
[4] Dubois B,Picand G,Sarazin M.Early detection of Alzheimer′s disease:new diagnostic criteria[J].Dialogues Clin Neurosci,2009,11(2):135-139.
[5] 贾建平,闫欣.重视主观性认知减退研究[J].中华神经科杂志,2014,47(12):817-819.
[6] 周茜,葛兆霞.老年痴呆患者辨证施护联合记忆康复训练研究[J].护理学杂志,2016,31(21):17-20.
[7] 黄丽,杨燕妮,蒋云云,等.主观记忆障碍高血压患者治疗依从性及其影响因素研究[J].护理学杂志,2017,32(23):90-92,102.
[8] Maki Y,Yamaguchi T,Yamagami T,et al.The impact of subjective memory complaints on quality of life in community-dwelling older adults[J].Psychogeriatrics,2014,14(3):175-181.
[9] Brailean A,Steptoe A,Batty G D,et al.Are subjective memory complaints indicative of objective cognitive decline or depressive symptoms?Findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing[J].J Psychiatr Res,2018,110:143-151.
[10] Chen S L,Tsai J C,Lee W L.Psychometric validation of the Chinese version of the Illnes Perception Questionnaire-Revised for patients with hypertension[J].J Adv Nurs,2018,64(5):524-534.
[11] 唐碧霞.中文版记忆障碍感知问卷的修订及其在记忆抱怨主诉人群中的初步应用研究[D].重庆:第三军医大学,2017.
[12] Tinson D,Crockford C,Gharooni S,et al.Memory complaints in epilepsy:an examination of the role of mood and illness perceptions[J].Epilepy Behav,2018,80:221-228.
[13] 吴亚美,张春梅,郑小芬,等.急性白血病患儿照顾者疾病获益感的现象学研究[J].中华护理杂志,2018,53(6):674-678.
[14] 潘贵春,何汝冰,蔡东娣,等.自我调节理论在焦虑、抑郁患者中的应用[J].护理实践与研究,2017,14(10):140-142.
[15] 孙似锦,白秀丽,吕继辉,等.阿尔茨海默病患者的记忆策略训练[J].护理学杂志,2017,32(15):79-81.