花生品系对白绢病的抗性评价及产量损失研究
|
摘要
选取中国农业科学院油料作物研究所培育的10个花生新品系,通过自然发病和人工接种两种方法进行了白绢病抗性鉴定和产量损失研究。结果表明,在自然发病条件下,10个新品系由白绢病造成的枯萎率为11. 0%～50. 0%,其中7个品系白绢病枯萎率低于30. 0%;白绢病枯萎率与花生荚果产量呈显著负相关(r=-0. 73,P <0. 05)。在田间人工接种条件下,接种2周后,10个品系导致的植株枯萎率为66. 1%～94. 0%,收获前的白绢病枯萎率为66. 1%～97. 4%,均为感病品系;白绢病导致的植株枯萎率与花生荚果产量的相关系数为-0. 85(P <0.05)。产量损失试验表明,在人工接种条件下,所有品系产量损失均超过91. 7%,严重者几乎绝产。综合田间自然发病和人工接种鉴定,获得一份耐病品系16-A13440。
Ten peanut lines developed by Oil Crops Research Institute(CAAS,Wuhan,China) were evaluated for resistance and yield loss to peanut stem rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii under natural disease condition and by artificial inoculation.Results indicated that the wilting rates of these lines ranged from 11.0% to 50.0% under natural disease condition and 7 lines had the wilting rates lower than 30.0%.Peanut yield and wilting rate were significantly negative correlated(r =-0.73,P < 0.05).The wilting rates of these lines(from 66.1% to94.0%),at two weeks post inoculation in the artificial inoculation experiment,were lower than those(from 66.1%to 97.4%) before harvest,all these lines were susceptible to infection by S.rolfsii.The peanut yield was negatively related with wilting rate by artificial inoculation with the correlation coefficient of-0.85(P < 0.05).The peanut yield loss was higher than 91.7% for all these lines after artificial inoculation.One tolerant line 16-A13440 was identified.
Ten peanut lines developed by Oil Crops Research Institute(CAAS,Wuhan,China) were evaluated for resistance and yield loss to peanut stem rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii under natural disease condition and by artificial inoculation.Results indicated that the wilting rates of these lines ranged from 11.0% to 50.0% under natural disease condition and 7 lines had the wilting rates lower than 30.0%.Peanut yield and wilting rate were significantly negative correlated(r =-0.73,P < 0.05).The wilting rates of these lines(from 66.1% to94.0%),at two weeks post inoculation in the artificial inoculation experiment,were lower than those(from 66.1%to 97.4%) before harvest,all these lines were susceptible to infection by S.rolfsii.The peanut yield was negatively related with wilting rate by artificial inoculation with the correlation coefficient of-0.85(P < 0.05).The peanut yield loss was higher than 91.7% for all these lines after artificial inoculation.One tolerant line 16-A13440 was identified.
引文
[1]中国人民共和国国家统计局. Http://www. stats. gov.cn/[OL].
[2] Aycock R A. Stem rot and other diseases caused by Sclerotium rolfsii. North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station[C]. Technology Bulletin. 1966,1-174.
[3] Franke M D,Brenneman T B,Stevenson K L,et al.Sensitivity of isolates of Sclerotium rolfsii from peanut in Georgia to selected fungicides[J]. Plant Dis,1998,82(5):578-583.
[4] Mayee C D,Datar V V. Diseases of groundnut in the tropics[J]. Review of Tropical Plant Pathology,1988(5):85-118.
[5]杨家珍.花生白绢病防治研究[J].安徽农业科学,1963(3):12-15.
[6]宋国华,吴微微.花生白绢病的发生规律与防治对策[J].辽宁农业职业技术学院学报,2008,10(1):12,17.
[7]卞建波,陈香艳,张永涛,等.花生白绢病致病因素及生态控制技术[J].现代农业科技,2007(10):88-89,91.
[8]许欣然,张新友,黄冰艳,等.河南省局部地区花生白绢病暴发原因分析及其防治对策[J].河南农业科学,2011,40(10):99-101.
[9]陈荣华,方先兰,曾三长,等.江西花生主要病害的发生与防治措施[J].江西农业学报,2009,21(12):106-109.
[10]肖翔,陈晓兰,邓铭光,等.广东省花生白绢病菌的分布和生物学性状研究初报[J].广东农业科学,2012,39(17):71-73,237.
[11] Shew B B. Field,microplot,and greenhouse evaluations of resistance to Sclerotium rolfsii in peanut[J]. Plant Dis,1987,71(2):188.
[12] Branch W D. Evaluation of peanut cultivars for resistance to field infection by Sclerotium rolfsii[J]. Plant Dis,1987,71(3):268.
[13] Brenneman T B,Branch W D,Csinos A S. Partial resistance of Southern Runner,Arachis hypogaea,to stem rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii[J]. Peanut Sci,1990,17(2):65-67.
[14] Gorbet D W,Kucharek T A,Shokes F M,et al. Field evaluations of peanut germplasm for resistance to stem rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii[J]. Peanut Sci,2004,31(2):91-95.
[15] Gorbet D W,Tillman B L. Registration of ‘DP-1’peanut[J]. J Plant Regist,2008,2(3):200.
[16] Gorbet D W,Tillman B L. Registration of ‘Florida-07’peanut[J]. J Plant Regist,2009,3(1):14.
[17] Branch W D,Brenneman T B. Stem rot(white mold)and tomato spotted wilt resistance among peanut genotypes[J]. Peanut Sci,2015,42(1):18-22.
[18]聂合乡.品种、气候等因素对花生白绢病发生危害的影响初探[C]//河南省植物病理学与现代农业学术讨论会论文集.河南焦作,2011:114-116.
[19]李培红.驻马店市花生白绢病的发生及综合防治技术[J].中国农业信息,2015(12):112-113.
[20]晏立英,宋万朵,张芳,等.花生白绢病温室接种技术的建立和苗期抗病性鉴定[J].中国油料作物学报,2017,39(5):687-692.
[21] Branch W D,Brenneman T B. Stem rot disease evaluation of mass-selected peanut populations[J]. Crop Prot,1999,18(2):127-130.
[22]徐秀娟.中国花生病虫草鼠害[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2009.
[23]刘俊,许苗苗,王平安,等.玉米品种对鞘腐病的抗性评价及产量损失研究[J].玉米科学,2018,26(1):29-36.
[24] Bera S K,Kamdar J H,Kasundra S V,et al. An efficient phenotyping technique for wild Arachis species and groundnut breeding lines resistant to stem rot disease under field conditions[J]. Indian Phytopathology,2016,9(4):646-648.
[2] Aycock R A. Stem rot and other diseases caused by Sclerotium rolfsii. North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station[C]. Technology Bulletin. 1966,1-174.
[3] Franke M D,Brenneman T B,Stevenson K L,et al.Sensitivity of isolates of Sclerotium rolfsii from peanut in Georgia to selected fungicides[J]. Plant Dis,1998,82(5):578-583.
[4] Mayee C D,Datar V V. Diseases of groundnut in the tropics[J]. Review of Tropical Plant Pathology,1988(5):85-118.
[5]杨家珍.花生白绢病防治研究[J].安徽农业科学,1963(3):12-15.
[6]宋国华,吴微微.花生白绢病的发生规律与防治对策[J].辽宁农业职业技术学院学报,2008,10(1):12,17.
[7]卞建波,陈香艳,张永涛,等.花生白绢病致病因素及生态控制技术[J].现代农业科技,2007(10):88-89,91.
[8]许欣然,张新友,黄冰艳,等.河南省局部地区花生白绢病暴发原因分析及其防治对策[J].河南农业科学,2011,40(10):99-101.
[9]陈荣华,方先兰,曾三长,等.江西花生主要病害的发生与防治措施[J].江西农业学报,2009,21(12):106-109.
[10]肖翔,陈晓兰,邓铭光,等.广东省花生白绢病菌的分布和生物学性状研究初报[J].广东农业科学,2012,39(17):71-73,237.
[11] Shew B B. Field,microplot,and greenhouse evaluations of resistance to Sclerotium rolfsii in peanut[J]. Plant Dis,1987,71(2):188.
[12] Branch W D. Evaluation of peanut cultivars for resistance to field infection by Sclerotium rolfsii[J]. Plant Dis,1987,71(3):268.
[13] Brenneman T B,Branch W D,Csinos A S. Partial resistance of Southern Runner,Arachis hypogaea,to stem rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii[J]. Peanut Sci,1990,17(2):65-67.
[14] Gorbet D W,Kucharek T A,Shokes F M,et al. Field evaluations of peanut germplasm for resistance to stem rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii[J]. Peanut Sci,2004,31(2):91-95.
[15] Gorbet D W,Tillman B L. Registration of ‘DP-1’peanut[J]. J Plant Regist,2008,2(3):200.
[16] Gorbet D W,Tillman B L. Registration of ‘Florida-07’peanut[J]. J Plant Regist,2009,3(1):14.
[17] Branch W D,Brenneman T B. Stem rot(white mold)and tomato spotted wilt resistance among peanut genotypes[J]. Peanut Sci,2015,42(1):18-22.
[18]聂合乡.品种、气候等因素对花生白绢病发生危害的影响初探[C]//河南省植物病理学与现代农业学术讨论会论文集.河南焦作,2011:114-116.
[19]李培红.驻马店市花生白绢病的发生及综合防治技术[J].中国农业信息,2015(12):112-113.
[20]晏立英,宋万朵,张芳,等.花生白绢病温室接种技术的建立和苗期抗病性鉴定[J].中国油料作物学报,2017,39(5):687-692.
[21] Branch W D,Brenneman T B. Stem rot disease evaluation of mass-selected peanut populations[J]. Crop Prot,1999,18(2):127-130.
[22]徐秀娟.中国花生病虫草鼠害[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2009.
[23]刘俊,许苗苗,王平安,等.玉米品种对鞘腐病的抗性评价及产量损失研究[J].玉米科学,2018,26(1):29-36.
[24] Bera S K,Kamdar J H,Kasundra S V,et al. An efficient phenotyping technique for wild Arachis species and groundnut breeding lines resistant to stem rot disease under field conditions[J]. Indian Phytopathology,2016,9(4):646-648.