基于HYDRUS模型筛选滴灌模式下适宜灌水上下限的研究
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摘要
通过开展不同土壤初始含水率和不同滴头流量的沙壤土室内滴灌试验,率定了土壤水动力学参数,验证了HYDRUS模型的适用性;利用HYDRUS模型模拟不同灌水上下限点源滴灌土壤水分运移过程,分析了不同灌水上下限对实际湿润体与计划湿润体间差异的影响规律。结果表明,以田间持水量为灌水上限时,实际土壤湿润体体积均大于计划湿润体体积,较小的灌水下限有利于将灌溉水控制在计划湿润体内;以50%θFC、60%θFC及70%θFC为灌水下限时控制实际湿润体体积对应的灌水上限分别为81%θFC、85%θFC及86.5%θFC。经模拟验证,适宜灌水上下限滴灌结束时,没有灌溉水分运移到计划湿润体外。
By conducting the indoor drip irrigation test of sandy loam with different initial soil moisture content and different emitter flow,the soil hydrodynamic parameters are determined and the applicability of the HYDRUS model is verified.The HYDRUS model is used to simulate the process of soil water transport by point source drip irrigation with different irrigation upper and lower limits.The results show that when the field water holding capacity is the upper limit of irrigation water,the actual volume of soil moist body is larger than that of planned moist body,and a small lower limit of irrigation water is favorable for controlling irrigation water in planned moist body.When the lower limit of irrigation water is 50% of θFC,60% of θFCand 70% of θFC,the upper limit of irrigation water for controlling the actual volume of moist body is 81% of θFC85% of θFC,and 86.5% of θFC.It is verified by simulation that no irrigation water is transported to the planned wetting outside the body at the end of drip irrigation.
By conducting the indoor drip irrigation test of sandy loam with different initial soil moisture content and different emitter flow,the soil hydrodynamic parameters are determined and the applicability of the HYDRUS model is verified.The HYDRUS model is used to simulate the process of soil water transport by point source drip irrigation with different irrigation upper and lower limits.The results show that when the field water holding capacity is the upper limit of irrigation water,the actual volume of soil moist body is larger than that of planned moist body,and a small lower limit of irrigation water is favorable for controlling irrigation water in planned moist body.When the lower limit of irrigation water is 50% of θFC,60% of θFCand 70% of θFC,the upper limit of irrigation water for controlling the actual volume of moist body is 81% of θFC85% of θFC,and 86.5% of θFC.It is verified by simulation that no irrigation water is transported to the planned wetting outside the body at the end of drip irrigation.
引文
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[2]李保国,黄峰.1998-2007年中国农业用水分析[J].水科学进展,2010,21(4):575-583.
[3]张柏治,殷格侠,张学.关中灌区小麦、玉米高产节水灌溉的几个指标确定[J].水土保持通报,2009,29(5):142-145.
[4]张俊,牛文全,张琳琳,等.初始含水率对微润灌溉线源入渗特征的影响[J].排灌机械工程学报,2014,32(1):72-79.
[5]周广林,王全九,李云,等.Hydrus-3D模型模拟田间点源入渗与水分再分布准确性评价[J].干旱地区农业研究,2015,33(2):113-121,129.
[6]何小梅.滴灌条件下土壤湿润体特征研究[J].节水灌溉,2017,(8):26-29.
[7]杜斌,胡笑涛,王文娥,等.交替沟灌玉米灌浆期茎流影响因子敏感性分析与模型适用性研究[J].中国农业科学,2018,51(2):233-245.
[8]余根坚,黄介生,高占义.基于HYDRUS模型不同灌水模式下土壤水盐运移模拟[J].水利学报,2013,44(7):826-834.
[9]李久生,张建君,饶敏杰.滴灌施肥灌溉的水氮运移数学模拟及试验验证[J].水利学报,2005,(8):932-938.
[10]赵志强,徐征和,闫良国,等.惠民县微咸水灌溉区土壤水盐运移数值模拟及分析[J].灌溉排水学报,2017,36(1):33-39.
[11]李耀刚,王文娥,胡笑涛.基于HYDRUS-3D的涌泉根灌土壤入渗数值模拟[J].排灌机械工程学报,2013,31(6):546-552.
[12]Hu Xiaotao,Zheng Jian,Sun Huayin.Effect of Soil Moisture on the Parameter of One-dimensional Vertical Infiltration[M].Effective Utilization of Agricultural Soil and Water Resources and Protection of Environment,Nanjing,Hohai University Press,2007,(9):68-73.