论清末民初陕西的三大学术思潮及其影响
|
摘要
公元1865至1915年间,陕西的泾阳、三原两县先后出现了理学、实学和新学三种比较大的学术思潮。理学思潮以贺瑞麟为代表,讲学独尊程朱理学;实学思潮以刘光蕡为代表,提倡学习西方的富强之术,但反对西方的政教思想;新学思潮以朱先照为代表,宣传西方的民主革命思想。这三大学术思潮以泾阳和三原两县为发源地,迅速向陕西境内其他地区传播,并且波及陕西的周边省份,从而对陕西乃至中国西北地区的社会和思想发展产生了非常重要的影响。
From 1865 to 1915,in Jingyang and Sanyuan counties of Shaanxi Province,three major academic trends of thought emerged:Neo-Confucianism,Practical Learning and New Learning.Neo-Confucianism,represented by He Ruilin,teaches only Cheng and Zhu Neo-Confucianism.Practical Learning,represented by Liu Guangfen,advocates learning Western advanced technology,but opposes the political and religious ideas of the West.New Learning,represented by Zhu Xianzhao,advocates learning the western democratic revolutionary ideas.Originating from Jingyang and Sanyuan counties,the three academic trends quickly spread to other regions within and outside Shaanxi,thus exerting a very important influence on the social and ideological development of Shaanxi and even the northwest of China.
From 1865 to 1915,in Jingyang and Sanyuan counties of Shaanxi Province,three major academic trends of thought emerged:Neo-Confucianism,Practical Learning and New Learning.Neo-Confucianism,represented by He Ruilin,teaches only Cheng and Zhu Neo-Confucianism.Practical Learning,represented by Liu Guangfen,advocates learning Western advanced technology,but opposes the political and religious ideas of the West.New Learning,represented by Zhu Xianzhao,advocates learning the western democratic revolutionary ideas.Originating from Jingyang and Sanyuan counties,the three academic trends quickly spread to other regions within and outside Shaanxi,thus exerting a very important influence on the social and ideological development of Shaanxi and even the northwest of China.
引文
[1]王心敬.王心敬集[M].西安:西北大学出版社,2015.
[2]张鹏一.刘古愚年谱[M].西安:陕西旅游出版社,1989.
[3]贺瑞麟.贺瑞麟集[M].西安:西北大学出版社,2015.
[4]张元勋.原心[M].爱日堂铅印本,1919.
[5]宋伯鲁,宋联奎.续陕西通志稿[M].台北:华文书局,1969.
[6]黄彭年.陶楼文钞[M].台北:文海出版社,1966.
[7]牛兆濂.牛兆濂集[M].西安:西北大学出版社,2015.
[8]徐世昌.清儒学案[M].石家庄:河北人民出版社,2008.
[9]张国刚.从中西初识到礼仪之争——明清传教士与中西文化交流[M].北京:人民出版社,2003.
[10]柏景伟.沣西草堂集[M].金陵思过斋刻本,1924.
[11]刘光蕡.刘光蕡集[M].西安:西北大学出版社,2015.
[12]陈涛.审安斋遗稿[M].台北:成文出版社,1924.
[13]傅德华.于右任辛亥文集[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,1986.
[14]于右任.朱佛光先生墓志铭[M].南京:中国仿古印书局,1935.
[15]成柏仁.柏仁文存[M].西安:陕西省图书馆内部印书,2012.
[2]张鹏一.刘古愚年谱[M].西安:陕西旅游出版社,1989.
[3]贺瑞麟.贺瑞麟集[M].西安:西北大学出版社,2015.
[4]张元勋.原心[M].爱日堂铅印本,1919.
[5]宋伯鲁,宋联奎.续陕西通志稿[M].台北:华文书局,1969.
[6]黄彭年.陶楼文钞[M].台北:文海出版社,1966.
[7]牛兆濂.牛兆濂集[M].西安:西北大学出版社,2015.
[8]徐世昌.清儒学案[M].石家庄:河北人民出版社,2008.
[9]张国刚.从中西初识到礼仪之争——明清传教士与中西文化交流[M].北京:人民出版社,2003.
[10]柏景伟.沣西草堂集[M].金陵思过斋刻本,1924.
[11]刘光蕡.刘光蕡集[M].西安:西北大学出版社,2015.
[12]陈涛.审安斋遗稿[M].台北:成文出版社,1924.
[13]傅德华.于右任辛亥文集[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,1986.
[14]于右任.朱佛光先生墓志铭[M].南京:中国仿古印书局,1935.
[15]成柏仁.柏仁文存[M].西安:陕西省图书馆内部印书,2012.