大气CO_2浓度升高对取食不同基因型拟南芥上桃蚜转录组基因表达的影响
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摘要
【目的】近年来,温室气体尤其是CO_2浓度的持续升高给自然界造成的影响一直深受关注,但大部分以植物为对象研究其对CO_2浓度升高的响应,而针对植食性昆虫为对象着重昆虫的研究较少。【方法】本实验以在两种不同基因型拟南芥(野生型wt和水杨酸途径信号缺失体npr1)上取食的桃蚜Myzus persicae为研究对象,以大气CO_2浓度为影响因子,利用高通量筛选技术研究了大气CO_2浓度升高对桃蚜转录组基因表达的影响。【结果】研究表明:大气CO_2浓度升高仅增加了npr1突变体上的桃蚜体重,而对野生型上的桃蚜体重没有影响。此外,正常CO_2浓度下取食npr1突变体的蚜虫相较于取食野生型体重显著降低。通过对不同处理下桃蚜的转录组数据进行分析发现:正常CO_2浓度下,取食npr1突变体相较于取食野生型wt拟南芥,蚜虫体内基因有661条表达上产生显著差异变化,主要富集于12条通路;CO_2浓度升高条件下,取食不同基因型拟南芥的蚜虫体内差异基因降至536条,主要富集于15条通路;不同CO_2浓度下,取食wt植株的蚜虫有220条基因产生差异表达,主要富集于9条通路;不同CO_2浓度下,取食npr1突变体的蚜虫有274条差异基因,主要富集于16条通路。正常CO_2浓度下取食不同基因型拟南芥与不同CO_2浓度下取食npr1突变体的蚜虫共同富集于4条通路:内质网内蛋白加工,蛋白酶体,丙酮酸代谢以及抗原的加工与呈递过程。【结论】CO_2浓度升高对蚜虫生长发育的影响存在寄主基因型特异性,CO_2浓度升高对取食npr1植株上蚜虫生长发育的促进作用主要通过增加蚜虫体内氨基酸、糖类以及脂肪等基础代谢进行调节。
[Objectives] Global atmospheric CO_2 concentration which has been increasing at an accelerating rate attracted widespread attention. Most of studies were focused on the response of plant to elevated CO_2, but little was known about whether elevated CO_2 can change the performance of herbivorous insects. [Methods] In this experiment, the effects of elevated CO_2 were evaluated on the transcriptome changes of green peach aphid Myzus persicae fed on two Arabidopsis genotypes, a npr1 mutant(deficient in salicylic acid signaling pathway) and wild-type control(wt) by using high-throughput screening technology. [Results] The study showed that the increase of atmospheric CO_2 concentration only promoted the weight of green peach aphid fed on npr1 mutant but had little effect on aphid fed on wild type plants. In addition, the weight of aphids fed on npr1 genotype were significantly lower than those of the wild type under ambient CO_2. Furthermore, we used pathway enrichment analysis to identify metabolic pathways or signal transduction pathways that were significantly enriched in DEGs(Differential Expressed Gene) relative to the whole transcriptome background of green peach aphid associated with different treatments. Among all the genes,220, 274, 661 and 536 genes were significantly enriched in DEGs when aphids responded to elevated CO_2 fed on wt plants, elevated CO_2 fed on npr1 plants, plant genotypes under ambient CO_2, plant genotypes under elevated CO_2, respectively. Among all the genes subjected to KEGG pathway annotation and enrichment analysis, 9, 16, 12 and 15 pathways were significantly enriched in DEGs when aphids responded to elevated CO_2 fed on wtplants, elevated CO_2 fed on npr1 plants, plant genotypes under ambient CO_2, plant genotypes under elevated CO_2, respectively.The common pathways significantly enriched in DEGs when aphids responded to plant genotypes under ambient CO_2 and elevated CO_2 fed on npr1 plants: protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, proteasome, pyruvate metabolism and antigen processing and presentation. [Conclusion] The effects of elevated CO_2 on aphid weight exhibit host plant genotype-specific. The enhancement of elevated CO_2 on the body weight of aphids associated with npr1 mainly due to the increase of aphid primary metabolism including amino acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism as well as carbohydrate metabolism.
[Objectives] Global atmospheric CO_2 concentration which has been increasing at an accelerating rate attracted widespread attention. Most of studies were focused on the response of plant to elevated CO_2, but little was known about whether elevated CO_2 can change the performance of herbivorous insects. [Methods] In this experiment, the effects of elevated CO_2 were evaluated on the transcriptome changes of green peach aphid Myzus persicae fed on two Arabidopsis genotypes, a npr1 mutant(deficient in salicylic acid signaling pathway) and wild-type control(wt) by using high-throughput screening technology. [Results] The study showed that the increase of atmospheric CO_2 concentration only promoted the weight of green peach aphid fed on npr1 mutant but had little effect on aphid fed on wild type plants. In addition, the weight of aphids fed on npr1 genotype were significantly lower than those of the wild type under ambient CO_2. Furthermore, we used pathway enrichment analysis to identify metabolic pathways or signal transduction pathways that were significantly enriched in DEGs(Differential Expressed Gene) relative to the whole transcriptome background of green peach aphid associated with different treatments. Among all the genes,220, 274, 661 and 536 genes were significantly enriched in DEGs when aphids responded to elevated CO_2 fed on wt plants, elevated CO_2 fed on npr1 plants, plant genotypes under ambient CO_2, plant genotypes under elevated CO_2, respectively. Among all the genes subjected to KEGG pathway annotation and enrichment analysis, 9, 16, 12 and 15 pathways were significantly enriched in DEGs when aphids responded to elevated CO_2 fed on wtplants, elevated CO_2 fed on npr1 plants, plant genotypes under ambient CO_2, plant genotypes under elevated CO_2, respectively.The common pathways significantly enriched in DEGs when aphids responded to plant genotypes under ambient CO_2 and elevated CO_2 fed on npr1 plants: protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, proteasome, pyruvate metabolism and antigen processing and presentation. [Conclusion] The effects of elevated CO_2 on aphid weight exhibit host plant genotype-specific. The enhancement of elevated CO_2 on the body weight of aphids associated with npr1 mainly due to the increase of aphid primary metabolism including amino acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism as well as carbohydrate metabolism.
引文
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Cao HH,Wang SH,Liu TX,2014.Jasmonate-and salicylateinduced defenses in wheat affect host preference and probing behavior but not performance of the grain aphid,Sitobion avenae.Insect Science,21(1):47-55.
Chen FJ,Wu G,Ge F,2004.Impacts of elevated CO2 on the population abundance and reproductive activity of aphid Sitobion avenae Fabricius feeding on spring wheat.Journal of Applied Entomology,128(9/10):723-730.
Chen L,Li H,Zhao R,Zhu JW,2009.Study progress of cell endocytosis.Chinese-German Journal of Clinical Oncology,8(6):360-365
Delaney TP,Friedrich L,Ryals JA,1995.Arabidopsis signaltransduction mutant defective in chemically and biologically induced disease resistance.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,92(14):6602-6606.
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Guo H,Sun Y,Li Y,Tong B,Harris M,Zhu-Salzman K,Ge F,2013.Pea aphid promotes amino acid metabolism both in Medicago truncatula and bacteriocytes to favor aphid population growth under elevated CO2.Global Change Biology,19(10):3210-3223.
Jiang HL,2004.Molecular cloning of G proteinβandγsubunits genes and screening for their interactive proteins in Sitobion avenae.Doctor's dissertation.Beijing:The Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.[蒋红玲,2004.麦长管蚜G蛋白β和γ亚基的基因克隆及其相互作用蛋白的筛选.博士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院植物保护研究所.]
Kanehisa M,Araki M,Goto S,Hattori M,Hirakawa M,Itoh M,Katayama T,Kawashima S,Okuda S,Tokimatsu T,Yamanishi Y,2008.KEGG for linking genomes to life and the environment.Nucleic Acids Research,36:D480-D484.
Liu Y,2011.Response of plant defense induced by peach aphid to elevated CO2.Master's dissertation.Fuzhou:Fujian Normal University.[刘勇,2011.桃蚜诱导的植物抗性对大气CO2浓度升高的响应机制.硕士学位论文.福州:福建师范大学]
Mewis I,Appel HM,Hom A,Raina R,Schultz JC,2005.Major signaling pathways modulate Arabidopsis glucosinolate accumulation and response to both phloem-feeding and chewing insects.Plant Physiology,138(2):1149-1162.
Miyazaki S,Fredricksen M,Hollis KC,Poroyko V,Shepley D,Galbraith DW,Long SP,Bohnert HJ,2004.Transcript expression profiles of Arabidopsis thaliana grown under controlled conditions and open-air elevated concentrations of CO2 and of CO3.Field Crops Research,90(1):47-59.
Moran PJ,Thompson GA,2001.Molecular responses to aphid feeding in Arabidopsis in relation to plant defense pathways.Plant Physiology,125(2):1074-1085.
Nakayama M,Hisatsune J,Yamasaki E,Isomoto H,Kurazono H,Hatakeyama M,Azuma T,Yamaoka Y,Yahiro K,Moss J,Hirayama T,2009.Helicobacter pylori Vac A-induced inhibition of GSK3 through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.Journal of Biological Chemistry,284(3):1612-1619.
Nusse R,Varmus HE,1982.Many tumors induced by the mouse mammary-tumor virus contain a provirus integrated in the same region of the host genome.Cell,31(1):99-109.
Pegadaraju V,Knepper C,Reese J,Shah J,2005.Premature leaf senescence modulated by the Arabidopsis PHYTOALEXINDEFICIENT4 gene is associated with defense against the phloem-feeding green peach aphid.Plant Physiology,139(4):1927-1934.
Peng XH,Liu ZY,Guo HJ,Jiang JX,Sun YC,2016.Feeding behavior of the peach aphid under elevated CO2 levels.Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology,53(1):103-111.[彭新红,刘志源,郭慧娟,蒋军喜,孙玉诚,2016.桃蚜取食行为对大气CO2浓度升高的响应.应用昆虫学报,53(1):103-111]
Pickart CM,Eddins MJ,2004.Ubiquitin:structures,functions,mechanisms.Biochimica et Biophysica Acta-Molecular Cell Research,1695(1/3):55-72.
Saldanha AJ,2004.Java Treeview-extensible visualization of microarray data.Bioinformatics,20(17):3246-3248.
Shah J,Tsui F,Klessig DF,1997.Characterization of a salicylic acid-insensitive mutant(sai1)of Arabidopsis thaliana,identified in a selective screen utilizing the SA-inducible expression of the tms2 gene.Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions,10(1):69-78.
Sun Y,Guo H,Zhu-Salzman K,Ge F,2013.Elevated CO2 increases the abundance of the peach aphid on Arabidopsis by reducing jasmonic acid defenses.Plant Science,210:128-140.
Wagner E,Lykke-Andersen J,2002.m RNA surveillance:the perfect persist.Journal of Cell Science,115(15):3033-3038.
Wang HY,2011.Analysis of the differential stipe expression profiles of Volvariella volvacea.Master's dissertation.Fuzhou:Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University.[王海英,2013.草菇不同发育时期菌柄基因表达谱差异初步分析.硕士学位论文.福州:福建农林大学.]
Wang Z,Xiao X,Van Nostrand E,Burge CB,2006.General and specific functions of exonic splicing silencers in splicing control.Molecular Cell,23(1):61-70.
Zarate SI,Kempema LA,Walling LL,2007.Silverleaf whitefly induces salicylic acid defenses and suppresses effectual jasmonic acid defenses.Plant Physiology,143(2):866-875.
Zhang S,2013.The effects and mechanism of elected CO2 on tomato-pathogens interactions.Master's dissertation.Hangzhou:Zhejiang University.[张帅,2013.CO2加富环境下番茄-病原生物互作关系变化及其生理与分子机制.硕士学位论文.杭州:浙江大学.]
Cao HH,Wang SH,Liu TX,2014.Jasmonate-and salicylateinduced defenses in wheat affect host preference and probing behavior but not performance of the grain aphid,Sitobion avenae.Insect Science,21(1):47-55.
Chen FJ,Wu G,Ge F,2004.Impacts of elevated CO2 on the population abundance and reproductive activity of aphid Sitobion avenae Fabricius feeding on spring wheat.Journal of Applied Entomology,128(9/10):723-730.
Chen L,Li H,Zhao R,Zhu JW,2009.Study progress of cell endocytosis.Chinese-German Journal of Clinical Oncology,8(6):360-365
Delaney TP,Friedrich L,Ryals JA,1995.Arabidopsis signaltransduction mutant defective in chemically and biologically induced disease resistance.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,92(14):6602-6606.
Eileen W,Jens LA,2002.m RNA surveillance:the perfect persist.Journal of Cell Science,115(15):3033-3038.
Guo H,Sun Y,Li Y,Tong B,Harris M,Zhu-Salzman K,Ge F,2013.Pea aphid promotes amino acid metabolism both in Medicago truncatula and bacteriocytes to favor aphid population growth under elevated CO2.Global Change Biology,19(10):3210-3223.
Jiang HL,2004.Molecular cloning of G proteinβandγsubunits genes and screening for their interactive proteins in Sitobion avenae.Doctor's dissertation.Beijing:The Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.[蒋红玲,2004.麦长管蚜G蛋白β和γ亚基的基因克隆及其相互作用蛋白的筛选.博士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院植物保护研究所.]
Kanehisa M,Araki M,Goto S,Hattori M,Hirakawa M,Itoh M,Katayama T,Kawashima S,Okuda S,Tokimatsu T,Yamanishi Y,2008.KEGG for linking genomes to life and the environment.Nucleic Acids Research,36:D480-D484.
Liu Y,2011.Response of plant defense induced by peach aphid to elevated CO2.Master's dissertation.Fuzhou:Fujian Normal University.[刘勇,2011.桃蚜诱导的植物抗性对大气CO2浓度升高的响应机制.硕士学位论文.福州:福建师范大学]
Mewis I,Appel HM,Hom A,Raina R,Schultz JC,2005.Major signaling pathways modulate Arabidopsis glucosinolate accumulation and response to both phloem-feeding and chewing insects.Plant Physiology,138(2):1149-1162.
Miyazaki S,Fredricksen M,Hollis KC,Poroyko V,Shepley D,Galbraith DW,Long SP,Bohnert HJ,2004.Transcript expression profiles of Arabidopsis thaliana grown under controlled conditions and open-air elevated concentrations of CO2 and of CO3.Field Crops Research,90(1):47-59.
Moran PJ,Thompson GA,2001.Molecular responses to aphid feeding in Arabidopsis in relation to plant defense pathways.Plant Physiology,125(2):1074-1085.
Nakayama M,Hisatsune J,Yamasaki E,Isomoto H,Kurazono H,Hatakeyama M,Azuma T,Yamaoka Y,Yahiro K,Moss J,Hirayama T,2009.Helicobacter pylori Vac A-induced inhibition of GSK3 through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.Journal of Biological Chemistry,284(3):1612-1619.
Nusse R,Varmus HE,1982.Many tumors induced by the mouse mammary-tumor virus contain a provirus integrated in the same region of the host genome.Cell,31(1):99-109.
Pegadaraju V,Knepper C,Reese J,Shah J,2005.Premature leaf senescence modulated by the Arabidopsis PHYTOALEXINDEFICIENT4 gene is associated with defense against the phloem-feeding green peach aphid.Plant Physiology,139(4):1927-1934.
Peng XH,Liu ZY,Guo HJ,Jiang JX,Sun YC,2016.Feeding behavior of the peach aphid under elevated CO2 levels.Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology,53(1):103-111.[彭新红,刘志源,郭慧娟,蒋军喜,孙玉诚,2016.桃蚜取食行为对大气CO2浓度升高的响应.应用昆虫学报,53(1):103-111]
Pickart CM,Eddins MJ,2004.Ubiquitin:structures,functions,mechanisms.Biochimica et Biophysica Acta-Molecular Cell Research,1695(1/3):55-72.
Saldanha AJ,2004.Java Treeview-extensible visualization of microarray data.Bioinformatics,20(17):3246-3248.
Shah J,Tsui F,Klessig DF,1997.Characterization of a salicylic acid-insensitive mutant(sai1)of Arabidopsis thaliana,identified in a selective screen utilizing the SA-inducible expression of the tms2 gene.Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions,10(1):69-78.
Sun Y,Guo H,Zhu-Salzman K,Ge F,2013.Elevated CO2 increases the abundance of the peach aphid on Arabidopsis by reducing jasmonic acid defenses.Plant Science,210:128-140.
Wagner E,Lykke-Andersen J,2002.m RNA surveillance:the perfect persist.Journal of Cell Science,115(15):3033-3038.
Wang HY,2011.Analysis of the differential stipe expression profiles of Volvariella volvacea.Master's dissertation.Fuzhou:Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University.[王海英,2013.草菇不同发育时期菌柄基因表达谱差异初步分析.硕士学位论文.福州:福建农林大学.]
Wang Z,Xiao X,Van Nostrand E,Burge CB,2006.General and specific functions of exonic splicing silencers in splicing control.Molecular Cell,23(1):61-70.
Zarate SI,Kempema LA,Walling LL,2007.Silverleaf whitefly induces salicylic acid defenses and suppresses effectual jasmonic acid defenses.Plant Physiology,143(2):866-875.
Zhang S,2013.The effects and mechanism of elected CO2 on tomato-pathogens interactions.Master's dissertation.Hangzhou:Zhejiang University.[张帅,2013.CO2加富环境下番茄-病原生物互作关系变化及其生理与分子机制.硕士学位论文.杭州:浙江大学.]