桉木基复合材料研究进展
|
摘要
桉树作为我国主要的人工林树种之一,具有品种多、生长速度快等优点,在缓解我国木材供需矛盾上发挥了重要作用。由于桉木存在高生长应力、节疤、易变形开裂等劣势,目前工业上主要用作纸浆、纤维板或胶合板和单板层积材的芯板,其利用方式单一,附加值较低。近年来研究者们以桉木与塑料、竹材等材料为原料制备复合材料,展现出良好的尺寸稳定性、力学性能、阻燃性、抗菌性等性能,有效地提高了桉木的利用价值,拓宽了桉木在人造板、集装箱等领域的应用。文章分别介绍了桉木/塑料、桉木/竹、桉木/水泥、桉木/无机物4种复合材料,并对其制备工艺、性能等方面的研究进展进行综述。
Eucalyptus plays a significant role in releasing the contradiction between wood supply and demand owing to the wide variety and fast growth. However, disadvantages such as high growth stress, knots, deformation and cracks have resulted in low utilization efficiency and limited forms of utilization. In industry, eucalyptus woods are mainly used as pulp and coreplates for plywoods and laminated veneer lumbers. Recent years has seen fabrication of various composite materials based on eucalyptus woods, which greatly enhanced properties such as dimensional stability, flame retardancy, mechanical properties and antibacterial properties. The composite materials have enabled higher utilization efficiency of eucalyptus woods and opened up more possibilities of eucalyptus woods in fields of wood-based panels, containers and so on. In this review, progress on eucalyptus/plastics composites, eucalyptus/bamboo composites, eucalyptus/cement composites and eucalyptus/inorganics composites is discussed.
Eucalyptus plays a significant role in releasing the contradiction between wood supply and demand owing to the wide variety and fast growth. However, disadvantages such as high growth stress, knots, deformation and cracks have resulted in low utilization efficiency and limited forms of utilization. In industry, eucalyptus woods are mainly used as pulp and coreplates for plywoods and laminated veneer lumbers. Recent years has seen fabrication of various composite materials based on eucalyptus woods, which greatly enhanced properties such as dimensional stability, flame retardancy, mechanical properties and antibacterial properties. The composite materials have enabled higher utilization efficiency of eucalyptus woods and opened up more possibilities of eucalyptus woods in fields of wood-based panels, containers and so on. In this review, progress on eucalyptus/plastics composites, eucalyptus/bamboo composites, eucalyptus/cement composites and eucalyptus/inorganics composites is discussed.
引文
[1]陈李花,曾炳山,吕成群,等.中国按树人工林可持续经营的问题与对策[J].广东林业科技,2009,25(2):78-83.
[2]彭科峰.桉树产业年产木材量超3 0 0 0万立方米[E B/O L].(2 0 1 7-9-2 0)h t t p://www.c a f.a c.c n/n e ws/xwzx/201709/2017-09-20-13-51.html.
[3]曹永建,李兴伟,王剑菁,等.高温干燥处理对桉树木材抗干缩性能的影响研究[J].广东林业科技,2015,31(2):78-83.
[4]吴盛富.桉树生产单板型人造板[J].人造板通讯,2001(11):23-24.
[5]邓拥军,房桂干,韩善明,等.不同桉木化学机械法制浆性能的研究[J].林产化学与工业,2015,35(1):63-69.
[6]吴章康,张宏健,黄素涌,等.桉树中密度纤维板性能研究[J].云南林业科技,2001,1(1):58-60
[7]查朝生.安徽省竹木复合材料的开发与利用[J].世界竹藤通讯,2008,6(2):39-42.
[8]陈继尊.废PCB粉改性聚丙烯复合材料结构与性能的研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2013.
[9]郭艳玲,姜凯译,辛宗生,等.木粉/PES复合粉末选择性激光烧结成形及后处理技术研究[J].电加工与模具,2011(6):29-32.
[10]宋丽贤,张平,姚妮娜,等.木粉粒径和填量对木塑复合材料力学性能影响研究[J].功能材料,2013,17(44):2451-2454.
[11]徐开蒙,冯静,施庆珊,等.不同树种木粉/PVC复合材料天然耐腐性对比研究[J].林产工业,2016,43(2):13-17.
[12]AYRILIMIS N,JARUSOMBUTI S,FUEANGVIVAT V,et al.Effect of thermal-treatment of wood fibres on properties of flat-pressed wood plastic composites[J].Polymer Degradation and Stability,2011,96(5):818-822.
[13]任从容,韦文榜,李雪菲,等.巨尾桉/聚乙烯膜制备复合材料工艺研究[J].木材加工机械,2014(5):29-32;47.
[14]李雪菲,任从容,韦文榜,等.桉木单板/聚丙烯膜复合材料的制备工艺及力学性能[J].东北林业大学学报,2015,43(2):87-90.
[15]王丹丹,曹阳,王翠翠,等.硅烷偶联剂对桉木单板—聚氯乙烯膜复合材料性能的影响[J].北京林业大学学报,2016,38(2):120-123.
[16]余养伦.竹桉复合材料优化重组技术的研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2007.
[17]国家林业局.中国林业统计年鉴2013[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2014.
[18]张建,汪奎宏,李琴,等.竹木复合利用的发展现状与建议[J].林产工业,2006,33(5):12-15;24.
[19]陈卫民,李新功,吴义强,等.天然钙镁矿物质粉填充竹木复合材料热裂解性能[J].复合材料学报,2015,32(2):594-600.
[20]王成阳.竹材夹芯板制造工艺的研究[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2011.
[21]翟志忠,陈玉和,赵斌,等.新型结构竹木复合集装箱底板的生产技术[J].木材工业,2011 25(5):44-46.
[22]张泽前.竹木电热复合板的湿热老化研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2015.
[23]郝聪杰.半干法水泥纤维板的生产工艺与性能研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2011.
[24]COUTTS R,MICHELL A J.Wood pulp fiber-cement composites[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,1983,37:829-844.
[25]SEMPLE K E,CUNNINGHAM R B,EVANS P D.The suitability of five Western Australian mallee eucalypt species for wood-cement composites[J].Industrial Crops and Products,2002,16(2):89-100.
[26]GARCEZ M,GARCEZ E,MACHADO A,et al.Assessment of mix proportions for developing lightweight cementitious composites with wood wastes[J].Revistaárvore,2017,41(1):1-9.
[27]刘波,张双保,曹永建,等.木材—无机质复合材料的制备方法及改性[J].木材加工机械,2005,16(4):37-40.
[28]高鹤,梁大鑫,李坚,等.纳米Ti O2-Zn O二元负载木材的制备及性质[J].高等学校化学学报,2016,37(6):1075-1081.
[29]陈志林,王群,左铁镛,等.无机质复合木材的复合工艺与性能[J].复合材料学报,2003,20(4):128-132.
[30]陈泽君,范友华,胡伟.杉木改性复合木材的制备及性能研究[J].湖南林业科技,2008,35(2):12-14.
[31]叶箐箐,赖俊英,钱晓倩,等.碳酸钾与硅溶胶复合对木材阻燃改性研究[J].新型建筑材料,2011,38(9):24-27.
[32]张钰雯.速生桉木材材性改良的研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2014.
[2]彭科峰.桉树产业年产木材量超3 0 0 0万立方米[E B/O L].(2 0 1 7-9-2 0)h t t p://www.c a f.a c.c n/n e ws/xwzx/201709/2017-09-20-13-51.html.
[3]曹永建,李兴伟,王剑菁,等.高温干燥处理对桉树木材抗干缩性能的影响研究[J].广东林业科技,2015,31(2):78-83.
[4]吴盛富.桉树生产单板型人造板[J].人造板通讯,2001(11):23-24.
[5]邓拥军,房桂干,韩善明,等.不同桉木化学机械法制浆性能的研究[J].林产化学与工业,2015,35(1):63-69.
[6]吴章康,张宏健,黄素涌,等.桉树中密度纤维板性能研究[J].云南林业科技,2001,1(1):58-60
[7]查朝生.安徽省竹木复合材料的开发与利用[J].世界竹藤通讯,2008,6(2):39-42.
[8]陈继尊.废PCB粉改性聚丙烯复合材料结构与性能的研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2013.
[9]郭艳玲,姜凯译,辛宗生,等.木粉/PES复合粉末选择性激光烧结成形及后处理技术研究[J].电加工与模具,2011(6):29-32.
[10]宋丽贤,张平,姚妮娜,等.木粉粒径和填量对木塑复合材料力学性能影响研究[J].功能材料,2013,17(44):2451-2454.
[11]徐开蒙,冯静,施庆珊,等.不同树种木粉/PVC复合材料天然耐腐性对比研究[J].林产工业,2016,43(2):13-17.
[12]AYRILIMIS N,JARUSOMBUTI S,FUEANGVIVAT V,et al.Effect of thermal-treatment of wood fibres on properties of flat-pressed wood plastic composites[J].Polymer Degradation and Stability,2011,96(5):818-822.
[13]任从容,韦文榜,李雪菲,等.巨尾桉/聚乙烯膜制备复合材料工艺研究[J].木材加工机械,2014(5):29-32;47.
[14]李雪菲,任从容,韦文榜,等.桉木单板/聚丙烯膜复合材料的制备工艺及力学性能[J].东北林业大学学报,2015,43(2):87-90.
[15]王丹丹,曹阳,王翠翠,等.硅烷偶联剂对桉木单板—聚氯乙烯膜复合材料性能的影响[J].北京林业大学学报,2016,38(2):120-123.
[16]余养伦.竹桉复合材料优化重组技术的研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2007.
[17]国家林业局.中国林业统计年鉴2013[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2014.
[18]张建,汪奎宏,李琴,等.竹木复合利用的发展现状与建议[J].林产工业,2006,33(5):12-15;24.
[19]陈卫民,李新功,吴义强,等.天然钙镁矿物质粉填充竹木复合材料热裂解性能[J].复合材料学报,2015,32(2):594-600.
[20]王成阳.竹材夹芯板制造工艺的研究[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2011.
[21]翟志忠,陈玉和,赵斌,等.新型结构竹木复合集装箱底板的生产技术[J].木材工业,2011 25(5):44-46.
[22]张泽前.竹木电热复合板的湿热老化研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2015.
[23]郝聪杰.半干法水泥纤维板的生产工艺与性能研究[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2011.
[24]COUTTS R,MICHELL A J.Wood pulp fiber-cement composites[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,1983,37:829-844.
[25]SEMPLE K E,CUNNINGHAM R B,EVANS P D.The suitability of five Western Australian mallee eucalypt species for wood-cement composites[J].Industrial Crops and Products,2002,16(2):89-100.
[26]GARCEZ M,GARCEZ E,MACHADO A,et al.Assessment of mix proportions for developing lightweight cementitious composites with wood wastes[J].Revistaárvore,2017,41(1):1-9.
[27]刘波,张双保,曹永建,等.木材—无机质复合材料的制备方法及改性[J].木材加工机械,2005,16(4):37-40.
[28]高鹤,梁大鑫,李坚,等.纳米Ti O2-Zn O二元负载木材的制备及性质[J].高等学校化学学报,2016,37(6):1075-1081.
[29]陈志林,王群,左铁镛,等.无机质复合木材的复合工艺与性能[J].复合材料学报,2003,20(4):128-132.
[30]陈泽君,范友华,胡伟.杉木改性复合木材的制备及性能研究[J].湖南林业科技,2008,35(2):12-14.
[31]叶箐箐,赖俊英,钱晓倩,等.碳酸钾与硅溶胶复合对木材阻燃改性研究[J].新型建筑材料,2011,38(9):24-27.
[32]张钰雯.速生桉木材材性改良的研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2014.