缓倾外软硬互层型斜坡启滑前地下水压力分布特征物理模拟研究
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摘要
强降雨是缓倾外软硬互层型滑坡发生的主要诱发条件,启滑前的地下水分布特征是此类滑坡形成的关键力学因素。弄清地下水分布特征对该类滑坡的稳定性评价和防治具有十分重要的意义。基于垮梁子滑坡为地质原型搭建试验模型,模拟强降雨条件下坡体内地下水分布特征及变形破坏模式。试验结果表明:1随着后缘裂隙水位上升,坡体内承压水呈三角形——前低后高梯形-矩形的演化规律;2伴随承压水分布的演化,坡体变形破坏呈现出前缘隆起-牵引后退式裂隙发育-滑移-拉裂趋势三个发展阶段;3降雨条件,含水层厚度及坡脚堵水条件等是影响坡体承压水分布的主要因素。
Occurrence of landslide with interbedded soft and hard rock beddings of low dip angles was caused mainly by heavy rainfall. Groundwater distribution characteristics before sliding is a key intrinsic mechanical factor in explaining of formation of this kind of landslide under the condition of rainfall,and was significance to the evaluation and prevention and control of this kind of landslide based on geological model of Kualiangzi landslide,the test model was put up to simulate groundwater distribution and deformation and failure mode of slope body under heavy rainfall. The experimental results are as follows: 1 with the rise of fracture water level at rear edge of slope,confined water in slope body is characterized by the evolution characteristic of triangle-trapezoid which is low forwards and high backwards-rectangular; 2 deformation and failure of slope shows three development stages namely,front uplift,towing-retreating fracture development,and trend formation of sliding and fracturing; 3 the main effects on confined water distribution include rainfall,aquifer thickness and water plugging at the toe of slope.
Occurrence of landslide with interbedded soft and hard rock beddings of low dip angles was caused mainly by heavy rainfall. Groundwater distribution characteristics before sliding is a key intrinsic mechanical factor in explaining of formation of this kind of landslide under the condition of rainfall,and was significance to the evaluation and prevention and control of this kind of landslide based on geological model of Kualiangzi landslide,the test model was put up to simulate groundwater distribution and deformation and failure mode of slope body under heavy rainfall. The experimental results are as follows: 1 with the rise of fracture water level at rear edge of slope,confined water in slope body is characterized by the evolution characteristic of triangle-trapezoid which is low forwards and high backwards-rectangular; 2 deformation and failure of slope shows three development stages namely,front uplift,towing-retreating fracture development,and trend formation of sliding and fracturing; 3 the main effects on confined water distribution include rainfall,aquifer thickness and water plugging at the toe of slope.
引文
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4 范宣梅,许强,张倬元,等.平推式滑坡成因机制研究.岩石力学与工程学报,2008;27(S2):3753—3759Fan Xuanmei,Xu Qiang,Zhang Zhuoyuan,et al.Study on formation mechanism of horizontal-push landslide.Journal of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering,2008;27(S2):3753—3759
5 张倬元,王士天,王兰生,等.工程地质分析原理.北京:地质出版社,1994:377—380Zhang Zhuoyuan,Wang Shitian,Wang Lansheng,et al.Engineering geology analysis principle.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1994:377—380
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7 赵权利,尚岳全,支墨墨.平推式滑坡启动判据的修正.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2014;44(2):596—602Zhao Quanli,Shang Yuequan,Zhi Momo.Modification of starting criterion of horizontal-push landslide.Journal of Jilin University(the Earth Sciences),2014;44(2):596—602
8 Hoek E,Bary J W.岩石边坡工程.卢世宗,等.译.北京:冶金工业出版社,1983Hoek E,Bary J W.Rock slope engineering.Lu Shizong,et al.eds.Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1983
9 李文辉.岩质滑坡地下水动态演化规律及对滑坡稳定性影响研究.成都:成都理工大学,2014Li Wenhui.Study on groundwater dynamic development regularity of rock slope and its effect on landslide stability.Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2014
2 翟国军,中江冯店垮梁子滑坡基本特征与变形机理研究.成都:成都理工大学,2011Zhai Guojun.Study on basic characteristics and deforming mechanism of Kualiangzi landslide in Fengdian town,Zhongjiang County.Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2011
3 徐刚,重庆市万州区近水平岩层滑坡发育分布规律及防治对策研究.成都:成都理工大学,2011Xu Gang.Study on the distribution of development regularity and prevention and control countermeasures of near-horizontal strata landslide in Wanzhou District,Chongqing City.Chengdu:Chengdu university of Technology,2011
4 范宣梅,许强,张倬元,等.平推式滑坡成因机制研究.岩石力学与工程学报,2008;27(S2):3753—3759Fan Xuanmei,Xu Qiang,Zhang Zhuoyuan,et al.Study on formation mechanism of horizontal-push landslide.Journal of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering,2008;27(S2):3753—3759
5 张倬元,王士天,王兰生,等.工程地质分析原理.北京:地质出版社,1994:377—380Zhang Zhuoyuan,Wang Shitian,Wang Lansheng,et al.Engineering geology analysis principle.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1994:377—380
6 黄润秋,赵松江,宋肖冰,等.四川省宣汉县天台乡滑坡形成过程和机理分析.水文地质工程地质,2005;32(1):13—15Huang Ruiqiu,Zhao Songjiang,Song Xiaobing,et al.Analysis of formation process and mechanism of Tiantai township landslide in Xuanhan county,Sichuan Province.Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2005;32(1):13—15
7 赵权利,尚岳全,支墨墨.平推式滑坡启动判据的修正.吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2014;44(2):596—602Zhao Quanli,Shang Yuequan,Zhi Momo.Modification of starting criterion of horizontal-push landslide.Journal of Jilin University(the Earth Sciences),2014;44(2):596—602
8 Hoek E,Bary J W.岩石边坡工程.卢世宗,等.译.北京:冶金工业出版社,1983Hoek E,Bary J W.Rock slope engineering.Lu Shizong,et al.eds.Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1983
9 李文辉.岩质滑坡地下水动态演化规律及对滑坡稳定性影响研究.成都:成都理工大学,2014Li Wenhui.Study on groundwater dynamic development regularity of rock slope and its effect on landslide stability.Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2014