不同单色光对紫色红曲霉生长、色素和桔霉素合成的影响
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摘要
以紫色红曲霉M9为研究对象,研究不同单色光对其生长、色素和桔霉素合成的影响。采用观察法和高效液相色谱法对紫色红曲霉M9在持续红光、黄光、绿光、蓝光照射下的菌落形态及6种红曲色素产量进行研究。采用高效液相色谱法和RT-qPCR法对不同红光光照时间和光照强度下红曲色素和桔霉素产量以及相关基因表达量进行测定。结果表明,红光是最显著的促进紫色红曲霉M9生长和色素产生的光源。高产红曲色素、低产桔霉素的最佳光照时间和强度分别为30 min/d和300 lx,初步推测红曲色素合成相关基因mppA/B/D/F、mppR1/R2、MpPKS5、MpFasA2/B2可能参与两种橙色素的生物合成,mppC、mppE可能参与两种红色素和两种黄色素的生物合成;桔霉素合成相关基因ctnA/D/E/F/G/H/I、orf1/3/4/5、pksCT可能参与桔霉素的合成代谢,而ctnR1可能参与桔霉素的分解代谢。
Effects of different monochromatic lights(red, yellow, green and blue) on culture morphology and six well known pigments production of Monascus purpureus M9 were investigated in this study. Furthermore, various red light intensities and illumination time on six well known pigments, citrinin production and expression levels of monascus pigments and citrinin biosynthetic gene cluster were examined using HPLC and RT-qPCR. The results showed that red light had the mostly significant effects on the growth and pigments production of Monascus purpureus M9. The optimal illumination time and illumination intensity were 30 min/d and 300 lx. The expression levels of biosynthetic genes, such as mppA/B/D/F, mppR1/R2, MpPKS5, and MpFasA2/B2 were positively correlated with the production of orange pigments, and the expression levels of mppC and mppE were positively correlated with the yields of red and yellow pigments. Moreover, ctnA/D/E/F/G/H/I, orf1/3/4/5, pksCT were positively correlated with citrinin production and ctnR1 was negatively correlated with citrinin production.
Effects of different monochromatic lights(red, yellow, green and blue) on culture morphology and six well known pigments production of Monascus purpureus M9 were investigated in this study. Furthermore, various red light intensities and illumination time on six well known pigments, citrinin production and expression levels of monascus pigments and citrinin biosynthetic gene cluster were examined using HPLC and RT-qPCR. The results showed that red light had the mostly significant effects on the growth and pigments production of Monascus purpureus M9. The optimal illumination time and illumination intensity were 30 min/d and 300 lx. The expression levels of biosynthetic genes, such as mppA/B/D/F, mppR1/R2, MpPKS5, and MpFasA2/B2 were positively correlated with the production of orange pigments, and the expression levels of mppC and mppE were positively correlated with the yields of red and yellow pigments. Moreover, ctnA/D/E/F/G/H/I, orf1/3/4/5, pksCT were positively correlated with citrinin production and ctnR1 was negatively correlated with citrinin production.
引文
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[19] 刘宏,陈迪,杨华,等. 红光对紫色红曲霉生长及色素和桔霉素产量的影响 [J]. 现代食品科技,2017,33(7):180-185.LIU H,CHEN D,YANG H,et al. Effects of red light on growth,pigments and citrinin production by Monascus purpureus [J]. Modern Food Science and Technology,2017,33(7):180-185.
[2] HONG S H,LEE I,KIM S J,et al. Improved functionality of soft soybean curd containing Monascus fermented soybean ethanol extract [J]. Food Science and Biotechnology,2012,21(3):701-707.
[3] BLANC P,LORET M,SANTERRE A,et al. Pigments of Monascus [J]. Journal of Food Science,1994,59(4):862-865.
[4] FENG Y,SHAO Y,CHEN F. Monascus pigments [J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2012,96(6):1421-1440.
[5] 崔海燕,王婧,陈勉华,等. 红曲糙米功能性饼干的开发 [J]. 食品科学技术学报,2014,32(6):46-53.CUI H Y,WANG J,CHEN M H,et al. Study on production process of Monascus fermented brown rice biscuit [J]. Journal of Food Science and Technology,2014,32(6):46-53.
[6] ZHAO G,LI Y,YANG J,et al. Antibacterial characteristics of orange pigment extracted from Monascus pigments against Escherichia coli [J]. Czech Journal of Food Sciences,2016,34(3):197-203.
[7] HSU L C,LIANG Y H,HSU Y W. Anti-inflammatory properties of yellow and orange pigments from Monascus purpureus NTU 568 [J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2013,61(11):2796-2802.
[8] KWON C. Effects of red yeast (Monascus purpureus) rice supplemented diet on lipid profiles and antioxidant activity in hypercholesterolemic rats [J]. Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition,2014,43(1):16-23.
[9] ROCHIN-MEDINA J,GUTIERREZ-DORADO R,SANCHEZ-MAGANA L,et al. Enhancement of nutritional properties,and antioxidant and antihypertensive potential of black common bean seeds by optimizing the solid state bioconversion process [J]. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition,2015,66(5):498-504.
[10] 林琳,李贞景,陈勉华,等. 4种培养基对红曲霉M1莫纳可林K产量影响及基因差异表达分析 [J]. 食品科学技术学报,2016,34(5):43-47.LIN L,LI Z J,CHEN M H,et al. Effects of four kind of medium on Monascus M1 with Monacolin K production and real-time quantitative analysis [J]. Journal of Food Science and Technology,2016,34(5):43-47.
[11] WANG C,CHEN D,CHEN M,et al. Stimulatory effects of blue light on the growth,monascin and ankaflavin production in Monascus [J]. Biotechnology Letters,2015,37(5):1043-1048.
[12] CHEN C L,CHANG K Y,PAN T M. Monascus purpureus NTU 568 fermented product improves memory and learning ability in rats with aluminium-induced Alzheimer’s disease [J]. Journal of Functional Foods,2016,21:167-177.
[13] LIN Y L,WANG T H,LEE M H,et al. Biologically active components and nutraceuticals in the Monascus fermented rice:a review [J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2008,77(5):965-973.
[14] CASTELLANOS F,SCHMOLL M,MARTINEZ P,et al. Crucial factors of the light perception machinery and impact on growth and cellulase gene transcription in Trichoderma reesei [J]. Fungal Genetics and Biology,2010,47(5):468-476.
[15] VELMURUGAN P,LEE Y H,VENIL C K,et al. Effect of light on growth,intracellular and extracellular pigment production by five pigment-producing filamentous fungi in synthetic medium [J]. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering,2010,109(4):346-350.
[16] CHEN D,XUE C,CHEN M,et al. Effects of blue light on pigment biosynthesis of Monascus [J]. Journal of Microbiology,2016,54(4):305-310.
[17] WANG L,DAI Y,CHEN W,et al. Effects of light intensity and color on the biomass, extracellular red pigment,and citrinin production of Monascus ruber [J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2016,64(50):9506-9514.
[18] ZHANG X,LIU W,CHEN X,et al. Effects and mechanism of blue light on Monascus in liquid fermentation [J]. Molecules,2017,22(3):385.
[19] 刘宏,陈迪,杨华,等. 红光对紫色红曲霉生长及色素和桔霉素产量的影响 [J]. 现代食品科技,2017,33(7):180-185.LIU H,CHEN D,YANG H,et al. Effects of red light on growth,pigments and citrinin production by Monascus purpureus [J]. Modern Food Science and Technology,2017,33(7):180-185.