四川江油含增一带下石炭统顶部生物灰岩层特征及其沉积环境
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摘要
川西地区下石炭统顶部生物灰岩层在江油含增一带较为发育,岩石类型包括灰白、灰色厚层至块状灰岩、介壳灰岩、鲕粒灰岩、瘤状灰岩或砾状灰岩和泥质灰岩,夹4层厚约0.22m~0.81m的紫红色钙质泥页岩,灰岩中普遍含珊瑚、腕足类、类等化石。在野外地质调查的基础上,测制下石炭统大塘组生物灰岩层剖面(1条,359.56m长),发现珊瑚礁(Lonsdaleiasp.)灰岩层,生物礁可见长10余m,宽为1m~3m。系统分析研究区的构造发展史、岩相古地理及沉积环境特征,认为这套生物灰岩层属于典型潮间高能环境下浅滩相沉积的产物,与区域上的风暴沉积有关。该研究为地层对比、古气候的变化、海平面的升降和沉积盆地的演化提供了新的证据。
Biological limestone at the top of Lower Carboniferous is well developed in the Hanzeng area of Jiangyou County,western Sichuan Province.The lithology includes gray-white,gray colored,thick to massive bedded,limestone,shell limestone,oolitic limestone,nodular or conglomeratic limestone and argillaceous limestone,with 4 layers of purple colored calcareous shale(thickness of single layer:0.22 m~0.81 m)intercalated with these limestone.There are many fossils in the limestone,such as coral,brachiopoda and Aeshnidae.359.56 mlong cross section is measured on biological limestone of Datang Formation,from which 10 mlong and 3 m wide coral reef(Lonsdaleiasp.)is found.The analysis of tectonic development,lithofacies,paleogeography and sedimentary environment in the study area indicates that the biological limestone layers are product of shoal facies sedimentation in a typical intertidal high energy environment,and has a connection with regional tempestite deposit.This research provides new evidence for the understanding of stratigraphic correlation,paleoclimate change,rise and fall of sea level and evolution of sedimentary basin.
Biological limestone at the top of Lower Carboniferous is well developed in the Hanzeng area of Jiangyou County,western Sichuan Province.The lithology includes gray-white,gray colored,thick to massive bedded,limestone,shell limestone,oolitic limestone,nodular or conglomeratic limestone and argillaceous limestone,with 4 layers of purple colored calcareous shale(thickness of single layer:0.22 m~0.81 m)intercalated with these limestone.There are many fossils in the limestone,such as coral,brachiopoda and Aeshnidae.359.56 mlong cross section is measured on biological limestone of Datang Formation,from which 10 mlong and 3 m wide coral reef(Lonsdaleiasp.)is found.The analysis of tectonic development,lithofacies,paleogeography and sedimentary environment in the study area indicates that the biological limestone layers are product of shoal facies sedimentation in a typical intertidal high energy environment,and has a connection with regional tempestite deposit.This research provides new evidence for the understanding of stratigraphic correlation,paleoclimate change,rise and fall of sea level and evolution of sedimentary basin.
引文
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[14]刘岁海,梁斌,刘爱平.江油地质填图实习指导书[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2011,1-20.
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[16]徐锦龙,洪天求,贾志海,等.川西北江油马角坝地区黄龙组下部风暴沉积特征[J].地质科学,2012,42(2):422-439.
[17]马兆亮,王玥,王秋来,等.贵州罗甸县罗悃剖面石炭系巴什基尔阶莫斯科阶界线研究[J].古生物学报,2013.37(4):492-502.
[18]郭书元,詹伟,黄太柱,等.塔里木盆地石炭系划分对比及玛扎塔格组的建立[J].地层学杂志,2014,38(2):147-160.
[19]沈阳,王训练.全球石炭系维宪阶有孔虫生物地层研究现状[J].地学前缘,2014,21(2):251-264.
[20]张觉民,李永昭.四川江油马角坝地区地质构造分析[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),1964.(1):61-78.
[21]四川省地质矿产局.四川省区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社,1991,177-178.
[22]徐锦龙,左友东,张文虎.川西北地区上石炭统碳酸盐岩的沉积学特征及其形成环境分析[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2012,1-8.
[23]彭军,陈洪德,田景春,等.川滇黔桂地区石炭系层序地层研究[J].沉积学报,2000,18(2):190-197.
[24]袁庆东,李本亮,刘海涛,等.川西北地区构造演化阶段及岩相古地理[J].大庆石油学院学报,2010,34(6):42-52.
[25]张遴信.四川江油马角坝中晚石炭世的类[J].古生物学报,1964,12(2):217-228.
[26]余素玉.沉积学研究的新领域—风暴沉积[J].地质科技情报,1985,4(2):48-51.
[27]Dott R H J,Bourgeois J.Hummocky stratification:Significance of its variable bedding sequences[J].Bulletin of Geological Society of America,1982,93(8):663-683.
[28]Duke W L.Hummocky cross-stratification,tropical hurricanes,and intense winter storms[J].Sedimentology,1985,32(2):167-194.
[29]孟祥化,乔秀夫,葛铭.华北古浅海碳酸盐风暴沉积和丁家滩相序模式[J].沉积学报,1986.4(2):1-23.
[30]洪天求,戴清明.滇东曲靖泥盆纪珊瑚礁的特征及其研究意义[J].古生物学报,1997,36(1):70-76.
[31]孟宪鋆.鄂东南石炭—三叠系古地磁研究[J].湖北地质,1995,9(2):41-53.
[32]王兰生,陈盛吉,杨家静,等.川东石炭系碳酸盐岩气藏地球化学特征[J].海相油气地质,2000,5(1-2):133-144.
[33]徐国盛,左友东,张文虎.川东石炭系大气田成藏条件分析[J].矿物岩石,2001,21(4):59-64.
(1)唐瑞彩,陈明,张清洪,等.1∶5×104地质图(江油市,H-48-6-C).绵阳:四川地矿局川西北地质大队,1992.
[2]王治平,叶干.四川江油马角坝早石炭世异珊瑚[J].地球科学,1984,(3):33-38.
[3]黄柱熙,林英铴,彭向东.贵州独山星朗地区早石炭世异珊瑚[J].长春地质学院学报,1995,25(1):6-14.
[4]张扬,郄文昆,李益龙,等.四川龙门山石炭纪鲕状赤铁矿及其古环境意义[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2009,28(1):51-57.
[5]卢武长,崔秉荃,张平,等.石炭纪海相碳酸盐岩的锶同位素演化及其意义[J].矿物岩石,1992,12(2):86-93.
[6]赵立群.川西北地区长兴期碳酸盐台地边缘沉积特征研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2010,1-46.
[7]石和,黄思静,赵鹏肖.四川江油石炭纪锶同位素曲线—年代地层对比和海平面变化[J].地质通报,2003,22(2):113-117.
[8]徐锦龙,洪天求,贾志海,等.川西北马角坝地区石炭纪碳酸盐岩微相及沉积环境分析[J].地层学杂志,2011,35(4):385-392.
[9]覃建雄,曾允孚,黄志勋,等.四川龙门山马角坝地区石炭纪层序地层及海平面变化研究[J].岩相古地理,1996,16(1):19-33.
[10]陈竹新,贾东,张惬,等.龙门山前陆褶皱冲断带的平衡剖面分析[J].地质学报,2005,79(1):38-45.
[11]廖卓庭,王向东,王伟,等.龙门山的石炭系[J].地层学杂志,2010,34(4):349-362.
[12]季强.从牙形类研究看中国浅水相泥盆系与石炭系分界[J].地质学报,1987,(1):10-20.
[13]许寿永.华南泥盆系—石炭系界线附近的珊瑚、有孔虫和牙形类及其地层意义[J].地层学杂志,1996,20(4):241-251.
[14]刘岁海,梁斌,刘爱平.江油地质填图实习指导书[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2011,1-20.
[15]张遴信,周建平,盛金章.贵州西部晚石炭世和早二叠世的类[M].北京:科学出版社,2010,1-304.
[16]徐锦龙,洪天求,贾志海,等.川西北江油马角坝地区黄龙组下部风暴沉积特征[J].地质科学,2012,42(2):422-439.
[17]马兆亮,王玥,王秋来,等.贵州罗甸县罗悃剖面石炭系巴什基尔阶莫斯科阶界线研究[J].古生物学报,2013.37(4):492-502.
[18]郭书元,詹伟,黄太柱,等.塔里木盆地石炭系划分对比及玛扎塔格组的建立[J].地层学杂志,2014,38(2):147-160.
[19]沈阳,王训练.全球石炭系维宪阶有孔虫生物地层研究现状[J].地学前缘,2014,21(2):251-264.
[20]张觉民,李永昭.四川江油马角坝地区地质构造分析[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),1964.(1):61-78.
[21]四川省地质矿产局.四川省区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社,1991,177-178.
[22]徐锦龙,左友东,张文虎.川西北地区上石炭统碳酸盐岩的沉积学特征及其形成环境分析[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2012,1-8.
[23]彭军,陈洪德,田景春,等.川滇黔桂地区石炭系层序地层研究[J].沉积学报,2000,18(2):190-197.
[24]袁庆东,李本亮,刘海涛,等.川西北地区构造演化阶段及岩相古地理[J].大庆石油学院学报,2010,34(6):42-52.
[25]张遴信.四川江油马角坝中晚石炭世的类[J].古生物学报,1964,12(2):217-228.
[26]余素玉.沉积学研究的新领域—风暴沉积[J].地质科技情报,1985,4(2):48-51.
[27]Dott R H J,Bourgeois J.Hummocky stratification:Significance of its variable bedding sequences[J].Bulletin of Geological Society of America,1982,93(8):663-683.
[28]Duke W L.Hummocky cross-stratification,tropical hurricanes,and intense winter storms[J].Sedimentology,1985,32(2):167-194.
[29]孟祥化,乔秀夫,葛铭.华北古浅海碳酸盐风暴沉积和丁家滩相序模式[J].沉积学报,1986.4(2):1-23.
[30]洪天求,戴清明.滇东曲靖泥盆纪珊瑚礁的特征及其研究意义[J].古生物学报,1997,36(1):70-76.
[31]孟宪鋆.鄂东南石炭—三叠系古地磁研究[J].湖北地质,1995,9(2):41-53.
[32]王兰生,陈盛吉,杨家静,等.川东石炭系碳酸盐岩气藏地球化学特征[J].海相油气地质,2000,5(1-2):133-144.
[33]徐国盛,左友东,张文虎.川东石炭系大气田成藏条件分析[J].矿物岩石,2001,21(4):59-64.
(1)唐瑞彩,陈明,张清洪,等.1∶5×104地质图(江油市,H-48-6-C).绵阳:四川地矿局川西北地质大队,1992.