2017年西宁市8～10岁学生碘营养状况分析
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摘要
目的了解新碘盐标准实施后西宁市8～10岁学生碘营养状况,为消除碘缺乏病工作和合理补碘提供科学依据。方法选取西宁市所辖7个县区共采集饮用水水样140份,采用国家碘缺乏病参照实验室推荐的"适合缺碘及高碘地区水碘检测方法"。8～10岁学生家中食用盐及尿样1 402份,采用《制盐工业通用试验方法盐的测定》(GB/T13025. 7-2012)和《尿中碘的砷铈催化分光光度法》(WS/T 107-2006),B超法检查甲状腺。结果西宁市140份生活饮用水水样中碘中位数为1. 3μg/L。1 402名学龄儿童家中食用盐中位数为26. 0 mg/kg,碘盐覆盖率为91. 50%,碘盐合格率为90. 05%,合格碘盐食用率为83. 47%。1 402份尿样尿碘中位数为186. 3μg/L,尿碘<50μg/L的尿样为5. 06%,0～99μg/L的尿样为18. 33%,100～299μg/L的尿样为65. 76%,300～μg/L的尿样为15. 91%。B超检查1 402人,甲状腺肿大率为0. 64%。结论新碘盐标准实施后,西宁市8～10岁学生碘营养状况总体良好,但碘盐覆盖率和碘盐食用率低于国家规定的标准,建议有关部门加强监管,加大碘缺乏病防治知识的宣传力度。
Objective To understand the iodine nutritional status of aged 8 to 10 years old students in Xining City after the implementation of the new iodized salt standard,and provide a scientific basis for eliminating iodine deficiency disease and rationally supplementing iodine. Methods A total of 140 drinking water samples were collected from 7 counties under the jurisdiction of Xining City,and the Iodine Detection Method Suitable for Iodine-deficient and High-iodine Area recommended by the National Iodine Deficiency Reference Laboratory was adopted. A total of 1 402 edible salt and urine samples were taken from the homes of students aged 8 to 10 years old. Determination of Salt by General Test Method for Salt Industry( GB/T 13025.7-2012) and Arsenic and Cerium Catalysis Spectrophotometry for Determination of Urine Iodine( WS/T 107-2006) were used. B-ultrasound method was used to examine the thyroid gland. Results The median iodine content of 140 drinking water samples in Xining City was 1. 3 μg/L. The median salt content of 1 402 school-age children was 26. 0 mg/kg,the iodized salt coverage rate was 91. 50%,the iodized salt qualified rate was 90. 05%,and the qualified iodized salt consumption rate was83. 47%. The median urinary iodine of 1 402 urine samples was 186. 3 μg/L,the urine sample at < 50 μg/L was 5. 06%,the urine sample at 0 ～ 99 μg/L was 18. 33%,the urine sample at 100 ～ 299 μg/L was 65. 76%,and the urine sample at300 ～ μg/L was 15. 91%. A total of 1 402 people were examined by B-ultrasound examination and the thyroid enlargement rate was 0. 64%. Conclusion After the implementation of the New Iodized Salt Standard,the iodine nutritional status of students aged 8 ～ 10 years old in Xining City is generally good,but the iodized salt coverage rate and the iodized salt consumption rate are lower than the national standards. It is recommended that relevant departments strengthen supervision and increase the publicity of knowledge on prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency diseases.
Objective To understand the iodine nutritional status of aged 8 to 10 years old students in Xining City after the implementation of the new iodized salt standard,and provide a scientific basis for eliminating iodine deficiency disease and rationally supplementing iodine. Methods A total of 140 drinking water samples were collected from 7 counties under the jurisdiction of Xining City,and the Iodine Detection Method Suitable for Iodine-deficient and High-iodine Area recommended by the National Iodine Deficiency Reference Laboratory was adopted. A total of 1 402 edible salt and urine samples were taken from the homes of students aged 8 to 10 years old. Determination of Salt by General Test Method for Salt Industry( GB/T 13025.7-2012) and Arsenic and Cerium Catalysis Spectrophotometry for Determination of Urine Iodine( WS/T 107-2006) were used. B-ultrasound method was used to examine the thyroid gland. Results The median iodine content of 140 drinking water samples in Xining City was 1. 3 μg/L. The median salt content of 1 402 school-age children was 26. 0 mg/kg,the iodized salt coverage rate was 91. 50%,the iodized salt qualified rate was 90. 05%,and the qualified iodized salt consumption rate was83. 47%. The median urinary iodine of 1 402 urine samples was 186. 3 μg/L,the urine sample at < 50 μg/L was 5. 06%,the urine sample at 0 ～ 99 μg/L was 18. 33%,the urine sample at 100 ～ 299 μg/L was 65. 76%,and the urine sample at300 ～ μg/L was 15. 91%. A total of 1 402 people were examined by B-ultrasound examination and the thyroid enlargement rate was 0. 64%. Conclusion After the implementation of the New Iodized Salt Standard,the iodine nutritional status of students aged 8 ～ 10 years old in Xining City is generally good,but the iodized salt coverage rate and the iodized salt consumption rate are lower than the national standards. It is recommended that relevant departments strengthen supervision and increase the publicity of knowledge on prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency diseases.
引文
[1]杨克敌.环境卫生学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2003:210-211.
[2]郑灿杰,张炳东,邓小雁,等.衢州市8~10岁儿童碘营养状况[J].中国学校卫生,2017,38(10):1465-1467.
[3]张文翠,高晓丽,曹建滨,等.碘摄入量与甲状腺癌的关系[J].环境与健康杂志,2014,31(2):182-184.
[4]中华人民共和国卫生部. GB 26878-2011食品安全国家标准食用盐碘含量[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011.
[5]马志辉,冯佩,张海红,等.石家庄地区8~10岁学生尿碘及食用盐碘的调查分析[J].医学动物防制,2016,32(5):544-545.
[6]中华人民共和国卫生部.全国碘缺乏病监测方案[Z]. 2016-04-12.
[7]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫局,中国国家标准化管理委员会. GB/T 13025. 7-2012制盐工业通用试验方法碘的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012.
[8]中华人民共和国卫生部. WS/T 107-2006尿中碘的砷铈催化分光光度测定方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[9]中华人民共和国卫生部. WS 276-2007地方甲状腺肿诊断标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[10]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫局. GB 16005-2009碘缺乏病区划分[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009.
[11] WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD. Assessment of iodine deficiency disorders and monitoring their elimination:A guide for program managers[R]. 3rd ed.Geneva:WHO,2007:28-34.
[12]张敏. 2009年西宁市碘缺乏病防治现状调查[J].现代预防医学,2012,39(5):1214-1215.
[13]中华人民共和国卫生部. GB 16006-2008碘缺乏病消除标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[2]郑灿杰,张炳东,邓小雁,等.衢州市8~10岁儿童碘营养状况[J].中国学校卫生,2017,38(10):1465-1467.
[3]张文翠,高晓丽,曹建滨,等.碘摄入量与甲状腺癌的关系[J].环境与健康杂志,2014,31(2):182-184.
[4]中华人民共和国卫生部. GB 26878-2011食品安全国家标准食用盐碘含量[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011.
[5]马志辉,冯佩,张海红,等.石家庄地区8~10岁学生尿碘及食用盐碘的调查分析[J].医学动物防制,2016,32(5):544-545.
[6]中华人民共和国卫生部.全国碘缺乏病监测方案[Z]. 2016-04-12.
[7]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫局,中国国家标准化管理委员会. GB/T 13025. 7-2012制盐工业通用试验方法碘的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012.
[8]中华人民共和国卫生部. WS/T 107-2006尿中碘的砷铈催化分光光度测定方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[9]中华人民共和国卫生部. WS 276-2007地方甲状腺肿诊断标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[10]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫局. GB 16005-2009碘缺乏病区划分[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009.
[11] WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD. Assessment of iodine deficiency disorders and monitoring their elimination:A guide for program managers[R]. 3rd ed.Geneva:WHO,2007:28-34.
[12]张敏. 2009年西宁市碘缺乏病防治现状调查[J].现代预防医学,2012,39(5):1214-1215.
[13]中华人民共和国卫生部. GB 16006-2008碘缺乏病消除标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.