叶片数及弦长对升力型垂直轴风力机的影响
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摘要
文章基于非对称翼型NACA4415,以功率系数为依据,以CFD仿真为手段,研究了在不同尖速比下叶片数与叶片弦长对升力型垂直轴风力机气动性能的影响,以及不同尖速比和叶轮实度不同时,垂直轴风力机功率系数的变化。研究结果显示,该类升力型垂直轴风力机叶轮实度取0.25~0.45,尖速比λ取2.5~3.4时,具有较高的功率系数。流场分析表明,当叶片弦长与叶片数的变化对流场的扰动能力小于垂直轴风力机从流场中获取风能的能力时,叶片弦长与叶片数的变化会增加垂直轴风力机的功率系数;反之,垂直轴风力机的功率系数降低。该研究为此类20 k W垂直轴风力机的设计与选型提供依据。
In order to provide a basis for the design of similar vertical axis wind turbine,this essay analyses the impact of blades of different number and chord length of different sizes on aerodynamic performance of a 20 kilowatts lift-type vertical-axis wind turbine made of non-symmetrical airfoil through the method of CFD, as well as the variation of the vertical axis wind turbine power coefficient under different tip speed ratio and impeller solidity. It is found that the vertical-axis wind turbine reaches a higher power coefficient with the impeller solidity from 0.25 to 0.45 and the tip speed ratio from 2.5 to 3.4. In addition, it is observed that the change of the number and chord length of the blade will increase the power coefficient of a vertical axis wind turbine when their disturbance ability is inferior to the vertical-axis wind turbine's ability of obtaining wind energy from the flow field. On the reverse position, this change would decrease the power coefficient.
In order to provide a basis for the design of similar vertical axis wind turbine,this essay analyses the impact of blades of different number and chord length of different sizes on aerodynamic performance of a 20 kilowatts lift-type vertical-axis wind turbine made of non-symmetrical airfoil through the method of CFD, as well as the variation of the vertical axis wind turbine power coefficient under different tip speed ratio and impeller solidity. It is found that the vertical-axis wind turbine reaches a higher power coefficient with the impeller solidity from 0.25 to 0.45 and the tip speed ratio from 2.5 to 3.4. In addition, it is observed that the change of the number and chord length of the blade will increase the power coefficient of a vertical axis wind turbine when their disturbance ability is inferior to the vertical-axis wind turbine's ability of obtaining wind energy from the flow field. On the reverse position, this change would decrease the power coefficient.
引文
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[8]张立勋,梁迎彬,李二肖,等.实度对直叶片垂直轴风力机风轮气动性能的影响分析[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(5):168-174.[8]Zhang Lixun,Liang Yingbin,Li Erxiao,et al.Effects analysis of solidity on aerodynamic performance of straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(5):168-174.
[2]戴庚,徐樟,皇甫凯林,等.垂直轴风力机研究进展[J].流体机械,2010,38(10):39-43.[2]Dai Geng,Xu Zhang,Huangfu Kailin,et al.Recent research progress in the vertical axis wind turbine[J].Fluid Machinery,2010,38(10):39-43.
[3]Ion Paraschivoiu.垂直轴风力机原理与设计[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2013.[3]Ion Paraschivoiu.Wind Turbine Design With Emphasis on Darrieus Concept[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technology Press,2013.
[4]杨从新,巫发明,王立鹏,等.设计参数对直叶片垂直轴风力机功率系数的影响[J].兰州理工大学学报,2009,35(5):47-50.[4]Yang Congxin,Wu Faming,Wang Lipeng,et al.Effect of design parameters on power coefficient of a straightbladed vertical-axis wind turbine[J].Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology,2009,35(5):47-50.
[5]丁国奇,李岩,王绍龙,等.实度对垂直轴风力机性能影响的风洞试验[J].可再生能源,2013,31(9):64-68.[5]Ding Guoqi,Li Yan,Wang Shaolong,et al.Wind tunnel test on effects of solidity on performance of vertical axis wind turbine[J].Renewable Energy Resources,2013,31(9):64-68.
[6]Nobile R,Vahdati M,Barlow J F,et al.Unsteady flow simulation of a vertical axis augmented wind turbine:a two-dimensional study[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2014,125:168-179.
[7]张健宇.H型垂直轴风力机数值模拟及叶型优化[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2011.[7]Zhang Jianyu.Numerical simulation and optimization of the airfoil of H type vertical axis wind turbine[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science&Technology,2011.
[8]张立勋,梁迎彬,李二肖,等.实度对直叶片垂直轴风力机风轮气动性能的影响分析[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(5):168-174.[8]Zhang Lixun,Liang Yingbin,Li Erxiao,et al.Effects analysis of solidity on aerodynamic performance of straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbine[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,44(5):168-174.