淮安市2017年蚊生态学及抗药性调查
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摘要
目的通过对淮安市2017年蚊生态学及3个年度淡色库蚊抗药性监测数据的分析,了解蚊密度、种群、抗药性现状,为蚊虫防治提供依据。方法采用诱蚊灯法开展监测,浸渍法测定蚊幼虫抗药性。结果淮安市常见蚊种及构成比分别为淡色库蚊50.45%、三带喙库蚊43.98%、中华按蚊2.89%、白纹伊蚊1.47%、骚扰阿蚊1.19%,淡色库蚊和三带喙库蚊是优势种群,共占捕获蚊虫的94.42%;全市的蚊密度季节消长为单峰曲线,蚊密度最高峰出现在7月,为5.14只/(灯·h);在监测的5种生境中,居民区、公园、医院主要以淡色库蚊为主,构成比分别为79.60%、77.57%、90.12%,牲畜棚以三带喙库蚊为主,构成比为70.56%,农户以淡色库蚊(59.20%)和三带喙库蚊(32.50%)为主,不同生境的蚊种构成比差异有统计学意义。2014年,淡色库蚊幼虫对双硫磷产生中度抗性(13倍),对仲丁威产生低度抗性(4.21倍);2016年,对双硫磷、高效氯氰菊酯、氯菊酯均产生低度抗性,抗性倍数分别为5.75、5.28、2.25倍。结论淮安市蚊虫种群丰富,有明显的季节高峰;持续开展抗药性监测并科学指导灭蚊,蚊虫抗药性水平处于较低水平;继续采取以环境治理为主,合理使用杀虫剂,加强有害生物防治和物业公司培训以及宣传教育等综合性措施。
Objective To understand the status of the density,population and insecticide resistance of mosquitoes,and provide the basis for mosquito control.Methods Mosquitoes were collected and monitored with light-traps,and the insecticide resistance was measured with immersion method.Results The common mosquito species were Culex pipiens pallens,Culex tritaeniorhynchus,Anopheles sinensis,Aedes albopictus and Armigeres subalbatus with its proportion of 50.45%,43.98%,2.89% 1.47% and 1.19% respectively.The dominant population was Culex pipiens pallens and Culex tritaeniorhynchus,accounting for 94.42%.The season character of the mosquito density was unimodal curve,peaked in July with the density of 5.14 insects per light in an hour.Culex pipiens pallens mainly appeared in residential area,parks and hospitals with 79.60%,77.57%,and 90.12% in proportion.Culex tritaeniorhynchus was remarkably in stable with 70.56%.The first two were also the main mosquitoes in residence accounting for 59.20% and 32.50%,with statistical difference in biotopes.The larvae of Culex pipiens pallens showed the mid-resistance to biothion and low-resistance to fenobucarb in 2014.They held low-resistance,5.75,5.28 and 2.25 folds respectively to biothion,beta-cypermethrin and permethrin in 2016.Conclusion There were variety of mosquitoes in Huaian City,and an obvious seasonal peak.The insecticide resistances were low to the tested insecticides.Comprehensive prevention including environmental management integrated with using insecticides reasonably should be conducted.
Objective To understand the status of the density,population and insecticide resistance of mosquitoes,and provide the basis for mosquito control.Methods Mosquitoes were collected and monitored with light-traps,and the insecticide resistance was measured with immersion method.Results The common mosquito species were Culex pipiens pallens,Culex tritaeniorhynchus,Anopheles sinensis,Aedes albopictus and Armigeres subalbatus with its proportion of 50.45%,43.98%,2.89% 1.47% and 1.19% respectively.The dominant population was Culex pipiens pallens and Culex tritaeniorhynchus,accounting for 94.42%.The season character of the mosquito density was unimodal curve,peaked in July with the density of 5.14 insects per light in an hour.Culex pipiens pallens mainly appeared in residential area,parks and hospitals with 79.60%,77.57%,and 90.12% in proportion.Culex tritaeniorhynchus was remarkably in stable with 70.56%.The first two were also the main mosquitoes in residence accounting for 59.20% and 32.50%,with statistical difference in biotopes.The larvae of Culex pipiens pallens showed the mid-resistance to biothion and low-resistance to fenobucarb in 2014.They held low-resistance,5.75,5.28 and 2.25 folds respectively to biothion,beta-cypermethrin and permethrin in 2016.Conclusion There were variety of mosquitoes in Huaian City,and an obvious seasonal peak.The insecticide resistances were low to the tested insecticides.Comprehensive prevention including environmental management integrated with using insecticides reasonably should be conducted.
引文
[1] 孙燕群,李成国,姚美雪,等.2016年南京市蚊虫密度和种群分布的调查研究[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2018,24(2):138-142.
[2] 吴海霞,鲁亮,孟凤霞,等.2006-2015年我国蚊虫监测报告[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2017,28(5):409-415.
[3] 高强,曹晖,熊成龙,等.两种方法监测成蚊种群构成与变化的差异性研究[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2015,21(3):254-258.
[4] 蔡恩茂,殷为申,王国强,等.CO2诱捕法与紫外线灯诱法在成蚊监测中的比较研究[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2012,18(1):11-13.
[5] 陈传伟,刘起勇,魏世程,等.4类成蚊监测工具现场诱捕效果评价研究[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2017,28(6):526-529.
[6] 郭玉红,刘京利,鲁亮,等.诱蚊灯法与人工小时法捕蚊效果比较研究[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2012,23(6):529-532.
[7] 仲洁,何隆华.气象因素对蚊虫密度影响研究进展[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2015,26(1):95-99.
[8] 张晓,王东,王永明,等.济南市白纹伊蚊和淡色库蚊对9种杀虫剂的抗性测定[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2016,22(2):121-123.
[9] 蔡蓉,邵宗贤,范刚,等.淮安市不同生境白纹伊蚊对9种化学杀虫剂的抗药性研究[J].中国预防医学杂志,2015,16(1):65-67.
[2] 吴海霞,鲁亮,孟凤霞,等.2006-2015年我国蚊虫监测报告[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2017,28(5):409-415.
[3] 高强,曹晖,熊成龙,等.两种方法监测成蚊种群构成与变化的差异性研究[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2015,21(3):254-258.
[4] 蔡恩茂,殷为申,王国强,等.CO2诱捕法与紫外线灯诱法在成蚊监测中的比较研究[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2012,18(1):11-13.
[5] 陈传伟,刘起勇,魏世程,等.4类成蚊监测工具现场诱捕效果评价研究[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2017,28(6):526-529.
[6] 郭玉红,刘京利,鲁亮,等.诱蚊灯法与人工小时法捕蚊效果比较研究[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2012,23(6):529-532.
[7] 仲洁,何隆华.气象因素对蚊虫密度影响研究进展[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2015,26(1):95-99.
[8] 张晓,王东,王永明,等.济南市白纹伊蚊和淡色库蚊对9种杀虫剂的抗性测定[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2016,22(2):121-123.
[9] 蔡蓉,邵宗贤,范刚,等.淮安市不同生境白纹伊蚊对9种化学杀虫剂的抗药性研究[J].中国预防医学杂志,2015,16(1):65-67.