基于图解静力学的平面桁架形态设计方法研究
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摘要
图解静力学是一种求解静定结构静力学问题的有效方法。它不但可以准确求得结构的内力,还将力可视化(力图),从而产生了由力到形的设计方法,即通过操纵力图的几何关系,可改变力的大小到预设值(或到预定关系),力图的变化将会影响到结构几何(形图),从而改变建筑结构的外观形态,由于力图在变化时始终保持闭合,因此无论结构形态如何变化,都将始终保持在平衡状态。本文将图解静力学中力到形的设计方法应用于平面桁架设计,得到了受力合理且形态各异的平面桁架,表明了此法在建筑形态设计方面具有较好的应用前景。
Graphical statics is an effective method for solving statics problems of determinate structures. It can not only accurately determine the internal forces of the structure, but also visualize the forces(force diagram), consequently, the force-to-form design method is proposed, that is, by manipulating the geometric relationship of the force diagram, the force can be changed to a preset value(or the predetermined relationship), the change of the force diagram will affect the structural geometry(form diagram), thus changing the appearance of the building structure. Because the force diagram always keeps closed when it changes, no matter how the structural form changes, it will always stay in equilibrium. This paper applies the force-to-form design method to the plane truss design, and obtains the plane truss with reasonable force and diverse forms, which shows that this method has a good application prospect in architectural form design.
Graphical statics is an effective method for solving statics problems of determinate structures. It can not only accurately determine the internal forces of the structure, but also visualize the forces(force diagram), consequently, the force-to-form design method is proposed, that is, by manipulating the geometric relationship of the force diagram, the force can be changed to a preset value(or the predetermined relationship), the change of the force diagram will affect the structural geometry(form diagram), thus changing the appearance of the building structure. Because the force diagram always keeps closed when it changes, no matter how the structural form changes, it will always stay in equilibrium. This paper applies the force-to-form design method to the plane truss design, and obtains the plane truss with reasonable force and diverse forms, which shows that this method has a good application prospect in architectural form design.
引文
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[2] Matthias Rippmann,Lorenz Lachuer,Philippe Block.Interactive vault design[J].International Journal of Space Structures,2012,27(4):219-230
[3] Mueller Caitlin T,Ochsendorf John A,Combining structural performance and designer preferences in evolutionary design space exploration[J].Automation in Construction,2015,52:70-82
[4] Beghini LL,Carrion J,Beghini A,et al.Structural optimization using graphic statics[J].Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization,2014,49(3):351-366
[5] Edward Allen.Form and Forces [M].America:John Wiley and Sons Ltd,2009
[6] 袁烽,胡永衡.基于结构性能的建筑设计简史[J].时代建筑,2014,(5):10-19
[7] 袁烽,孟浩,Panagiotis Michalato,等.木构拱[J].城市环境设计,2014(S2):240-241