感恩对流浪儿童问题行为的影响:核心自我评价和社会支持的中介效应
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摘要
目的:探讨感恩、核心自我评价、社会支持与流浪儿童问题行为之间的关系。方法:采用感戴量表、核心自我评价问卷、社会支持评定量表和青少年问题行为自评量表,以城市救助管理站暂时入住的172名流浪未成年人为被试。结果:①感恩、社会支持、核心自我评价与流浪儿童问题行为均显著负相关;②感恩对流浪儿童问题行为不存在直接影响,而是通过社会支持和核心自我评价对流浪儿童问题行为产生间接影响;③感恩直接以核心自我评价为中介对流浪儿童问题行为的影响占间接总效应的66.88%;感恩通过社会支持和核心自我评价这一序列中介对流浪儿童问题行为的影响占间接总效应的33.12%。结论:感恩对流浪儿童问题行为不存在直接影响,社会支持和核心自我评价在感恩和流浪儿童问题行为之间的中介作用并非平行关系,而是存在部分序列中介作用。
Objective: To explore the relationship between gratitude and problem behavior in street children, as well as the mediating role of core self-evaluations and social support. Methods: 172 street children were tested one to one with questionnaires: Gratitude Scale, Core Self-evaluations, Social Support Scale, Child Behavior Check list(Youth Self-Report).Results: ①Street Children's gratitude were significantly negatively associated with their problem behaviors; ②Gratitude had no direct effect on the problem behaviors, but it affected the problem behaviors through the agency of core self-evaluations and social support; and ③66.88% of total indirect effect from gratitude to problem behaviors is by core self-evaluations; 33.12% of it is by social support and core self-evaluations. Conclusion: No direct effect from gratitude to the problem behaviors is observed, but social support and core self-evaluations play a serial mediating role in the relationship between gratitude and street children'problem behaviors partly.
Objective: To explore the relationship between gratitude and problem behavior in street children, as well as the mediating role of core self-evaluations and social support. Methods: 172 street children were tested one to one with questionnaires: Gratitude Scale, Core Self-evaluations, Social Support Scale, Child Behavior Check list(Youth Self-Report).Results: ①Street Children's gratitude were significantly negatively associated with their problem behaviors; ②Gratitude had no direct effect on the problem behaviors, but it affected the problem behaviors through the agency of core self-evaluations and social support; and ③66.88% of total indirect effect from gratitude to problem behaviors is by core self-evaluations; 33.12% of it is by social support and core self-evaluations. Conclusion: No direct effect from gratitude to the problem behaviors is observed, but social support and core self-evaluations play a serial mediating role in the relationship between gratitude and street children'problem behaviors partly.
引文
1鞠青.中国流浪儿童研究报告.北京:人民出版社,2008.204
2何俊华,陈新景,曹朝阳.流浪儿童的心理特点及教育对策研究.中国特殊教育,2007,3:16-20
3 李晓东,陈怡,高秋凤.流浪儿童的性格与行为特点研究.华南师范大学学报(社会科学版),2007,6:26-30
4 张菁宸,黎燕斌,张玉麟,等.对立违抗症状流动儿童的心理适应、学校适应和社会适应特点分析.中国临床心理学杂志,2015,23(6):1035-1039, 1048
5 贺文均,冯维.十年来我国流浪儿童研究述评.青少年研究(山东省团校学报),2011,6:17-20
6 McCullough ME, Emmons RA, Tsang J. The grateful disposition:A conceptual and empirical topography. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2002, 82(1):112-127
7 Wood AM, Froh JJ, Geraghty AWA. Gratitude and wellbeing:a review and theoretical integration. Clinical Psychology Review, 2010, 30:890-905
8 喻承甫,张卫,曾毅茵,等.青少年感恩与问题行为的关系:学校联结的中介作用.心理发展与教育,2011,4:425-433
9 Fredrickson BL, Tugade M, Waugh CE, larkin GR. What good are positive emotions in crises? A prospective study of resilience and emotions following the terrorist attacks on the United States on September 11th,2001. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2003, 3:365-376
10 Kashdan TB, Uswatte G, Julian T. Gratitude and hedonic and eudaimonic well-being in Vietnam war veterans. Behavior Research and Therapy, 2006, 44:177-199
11 Joseph S, Linley PA. Positive adjustment to threatening events:An organismic valuing theory of growth through adversity. Review of General Psychology, 2005, 9:262-280
12 喻承甫,张卫,曾毅茵,等.青少年感恩、基本心理需要与病理性网络使用的关系.心理发展与教育,2012,1:83-90
13 Froh JJ, Bono G, Emmons R. Being grateful is beyond good manners:gratitude and motivation to contribute to society among early adolescents. Motivation and Emotion, 2010, 34:144-157
14 杨晓峰,许思安,郑雪.大学生社会支持、核心自我评价与主观幸福感的关系研究.中国特殊教育,2009,12:83-89
15 Judge TA, Locke EA, Durham CC. The dispositional causes of job satisfaction:A core evaluations approach. Research in Organizational Behavior, 1997, 19:151-188
16 黎建斌,聂衍刚.核心自我评价研究的反思与展望.心理科学进展,2010,12:1848-1857
17 魏昶,许倩,陈晓明,等.留守儿童问题行为与感戴、社会支持的关系.中国儿童保健杂志,2014,6:664-666
18 王玉洁,窦凯,刘毅,等.青少年核心自我评价与内化问题行为的关系.中国学校卫生,2015,3:368-371
19 张翔,杜建政.流动儿童社会支持、核心自我评价与行为适应的关系研究.中国儿童保健杂志,2015,9:924-930
20 Algoe SB, Haidt J, Gable SL. Beyond reciprocity:Gratitude and relationships in everyday life. Emotion, 2008, 8(3):425-429
21 Wood AM, John M, Raphael G, et al. The role of gratitude in the development of social support,stress, and depression:Two longitudinal studies. Journal of Research in Personality,2008, 42:854-871
22 Marja LK, Taru F, Ulla K, et al. Self-esteem:An antecedent or a consequence of social support and psychosomatic symptoms? Cross-lagged associations in adulthood. Journal of Research in Personality, 2008, 42:333-347
23 Heather MT, Armeda SW, Morgan EC. Self-esteem:A mediator between peer relationships and behaviors of adolescents in foster care. Children and Youth Services Review, 2016,66:109-116
24 赵国祥,陈欣.初中生感戴维度研究.心理科学,2006,29(6):1300-1302,1286
25 杜建政,张翔,赵燕.核心自我评价的结构验证及其量表修订.心理研究,2012,5(3):54-60
26 汪向东,王希林,马弘.心理卫生评定量表手册(增订版).北京:中国心理卫生杂志社,1999. 45-52,127-131
27 温忠麟,叶宝娟.中介效应分析:方法与模型发展.心理科学进展,2014,5:731-745
28 喻承甫,张卫,李董平,等.感恩及其与幸福感的关系.心理科学进展,2010,18(7):1110-1121
29 伍新春,周宵,刘淋淋,等.青少年的感恩对创伤后成长的影响:社会支持与主动反刍的中介作用.心理科学,2014,37(5):1148-1153
30 魏昶,许倩,孙国健,等.留守儿童感戴、应对方式与网络游戏成瘾的关系.中国临床心理学杂志,2014,22(5):804-807
2何俊华,陈新景,曹朝阳.流浪儿童的心理特点及教育对策研究.中国特殊教育,2007,3:16-20
3 李晓东,陈怡,高秋凤.流浪儿童的性格与行为特点研究.华南师范大学学报(社会科学版),2007,6:26-30
4 张菁宸,黎燕斌,张玉麟,等.对立违抗症状流动儿童的心理适应、学校适应和社会适应特点分析.中国临床心理学杂志,2015,23(6):1035-1039, 1048
5 贺文均,冯维.十年来我国流浪儿童研究述评.青少年研究(山东省团校学报),2011,6:17-20
6 McCullough ME, Emmons RA, Tsang J. The grateful disposition:A conceptual and empirical topography. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2002, 82(1):112-127
7 Wood AM, Froh JJ, Geraghty AWA. Gratitude and wellbeing:a review and theoretical integration. Clinical Psychology Review, 2010, 30:890-905
8 喻承甫,张卫,曾毅茵,等.青少年感恩与问题行为的关系:学校联结的中介作用.心理发展与教育,2011,4:425-433
9 Fredrickson BL, Tugade M, Waugh CE, larkin GR. What good are positive emotions in crises? A prospective study of resilience and emotions following the terrorist attacks on the United States on September 11th,2001. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2003, 3:365-376
10 Kashdan TB, Uswatte G, Julian T. Gratitude and hedonic and eudaimonic well-being in Vietnam war veterans. Behavior Research and Therapy, 2006, 44:177-199
11 Joseph S, Linley PA. Positive adjustment to threatening events:An organismic valuing theory of growth through adversity. Review of General Psychology, 2005, 9:262-280
12 喻承甫,张卫,曾毅茵,等.青少年感恩、基本心理需要与病理性网络使用的关系.心理发展与教育,2012,1:83-90
13 Froh JJ, Bono G, Emmons R. Being grateful is beyond good manners:gratitude and motivation to contribute to society among early adolescents. Motivation and Emotion, 2010, 34:144-157
14 杨晓峰,许思安,郑雪.大学生社会支持、核心自我评价与主观幸福感的关系研究.中国特殊教育,2009,12:83-89
15 Judge TA, Locke EA, Durham CC. The dispositional causes of job satisfaction:A core evaluations approach. Research in Organizational Behavior, 1997, 19:151-188
16 黎建斌,聂衍刚.核心自我评价研究的反思与展望.心理科学进展,2010,12:1848-1857
17 魏昶,许倩,陈晓明,等.留守儿童问题行为与感戴、社会支持的关系.中国儿童保健杂志,2014,6:664-666
18 王玉洁,窦凯,刘毅,等.青少年核心自我评价与内化问题行为的关系.中国学校卫生,2015,3:368-371
19 张翔,杜建政.流动儿童社会支持、核心自我评价与行为适应的关系研究.中国儿童保健杂志,2015,9:924-930
20 Algoe SB, Haidt J, Gable SL. Beyond reciprocity:Gratitude and relationships in everyday life. Emotion, 2008, 8(3):425-429
21 Wood AM, John M, Raphael G, et al. The role of gratitude in the development of social support,stress, and depression:Two longitudinal studies. Journal of Research in Personality,2008, 42:854-871
22 Marja LK, Taru F, Ulla K, et al. Self-esteem:An antecedent or a consequence of social support and psychosomatic symptoms? Cross-lagged associations in adulthood. Journal of Research in Personality, 2008, 42:333-347
23 Heather MT, Armeda SW, Morgan EC. Self-esteem:A mediator between peer relationships and behaviors of adolescents in foster care. Children and Youth Services Review, 2016,66:109-116
24 赵国祥,陈欣.初中生感戴维度研究.心理科学,2006,29(6):1300-1302,1286
25 杜建政,张翔,赵燕.核心自我评价的结构验证及其量表修订.心理研究,2012,5(3):54-60
26 汪向东,王希林,马弘.心理卫生评定量表手册(增订版).北京:中国心理卫生杂志社,1999. 45-52,127-131
27 温忠麟,叶宝娟.中介效应分析:方法与模型发展.心理科学进展,2014,5:731-745
28 喻承甫,张卫,李董平,等.感恩及其与幸福感的关系.心理科学进展,2010,18(7):1110-1121
29 伍新春,周宵,刘淋淋,等.青少年的感恩对创伤后成长的影响:社会支持与主动反刍的中介作用.心理科学,2014,37(5):1148-1153
30 魏昶,许倩,孙国健,等.留守儿童感戴、应对方式与网络游戏成瘾的关系.中国临床心理学杂志,2014,22(5):804-807