太湖梅梁湾沉积物中溞属卵鞍的垂直分布及其与总氮、总磷间的关系
|
摘要
本研究调查了太湖梅梁湾沉积物(25~1 cm)中溞属种类卵鞍(或休眠卵)的垂直分布及其与总氮、总磷的关系。结果表明:在梅梁湾的沉积物中,共鉴定出3种溞属种类(盔形溞(Daphnia galeata)、蚤状溞(Daphnia pulex)和中华拟同形溞(Daphnia similoides sinensis))的卵鞍,其中以盔形溞为优势种;溞属种类平均卵鞍密度及含休眠卵卵鞍密度分别为0.03~2.01和0~0.33 ind·g-1dw;T1和T2采样点的3种溞属种类的含休眠卵卵鞍密度明显高于T3采样点;在16~1 cm的沉积层中,T1采样点的总氮和T2采样点的总磷均呈明显增加的趋势,而T3采样点中的总氮和总磷变化幅度均较小;T1采样点中蚤状溞的卵鞍密度与总磷(TP)含量呈显著的相关性(P<0.05),而T3采样点中中华拟同形溞的卵鞍密度和T2采样点中盔形溞的含休眠卵卵鞍密度与总氮(TN)总磷(TP)含量均呈显著的相关性(P<0.05);湖泊沉积物中溞属种类的卵鞍(或休眠卵)密度的垂直分布能够再现湖泊溞属种类的历史演替过程,且与总氮、总磷含量之间存在一定的相关性。
The vertical distribution of ephippia(or resting eggs) of Daphnia species and its correlation with the concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the sediments(25-1 cm) of Meiliang Bay in Lake Taihu were studied. The results showed that the ephippia of three Daphnia species(D. galeata,D. pulex and D. similoides sinensis) in the sediments of Meiliang Bay were identified,with D. galeata being the dominant species. The ranges of average ephippial density and the density of ephippia containing resting eggs of Daphnia species were 0. 03-2. 01 and 0-0.33 ind·g-1 dw,respectively. The average densities of ephippia containing resting eggs of three Daphnia species at the T1 and T2 sampling points were higher than that at the T3 sampling point. In the sediment layers of 16-1 cm,the concentration of total nitrogen(TN) at the T1 sampling point and that of total phosphorus(TP) at the T2 sampling point showed obvious increasing trends,while their changes at the T3 sampling point were limited. There was a significant relationship between ephippial densities of D. pulex and TP content at the T1 sampling point(P <0.05),while the ephippial densities of D. similoides sinensis at the T3 sampling point and the density of ephippia containing resting eggs of D. galeata at the T2 sampling point were significantly correlated with both TN and TP contents(P<0.05). The vertical distribution of the ephippial(or resting eggs) density of Daphnia species in the sediments could recur the historical succession of Daphnia species in lakes,which was related to the levels of total nitrogen and total phosphorus.
The vertical distribution of ephippia(or resting eggs) of Daphnia species and its correlation with the concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the sediments(25-1 cm) of Meiliang Bay in Lake Taihu were studied. The results showed that the ephippia of three Daphnia species(D. galeata,D. pulex and D. similoides sinensis) in the sediments of Meiliang Bay were identified,with D. galeata being the dominant species. The ranges of average ephippial density and the density of ephippia containing resting eggs of Daphnia species were 0. 03-2. 01 and 0-0.33 ind·g-1 dw,respectively. The average densities of ephippia containing resting eggs of three Daphnia species at the T1 and T2 sampling points were higher than that at the T3 sampling point. In the sediment layers of 16-1 cm,the concentration of total nitrogen(TN) at the T1 sampling point and that of total phosphorus(TP) at the T2 sampling point showed obvious increasing trends,while their changes at the T3 sampling point were limited. There was a significant relationship between ephippial densities of D. pulex and TP content at the T1 sampling point(P <0.05),while the ephippial densities of D. similoides sinensis at the T3 sampling point and the density of ephippia containing resting eggs of D. galeata at the T2 sampling point were significantly correlated with both TN and TP contents(P<0.05). The vertical distribution of the ephippial(or resting eggs) density of Daphnia species in the sediments could recur the historical succession of Daphnia species in lakes,which was related to the levels of total nitrogen and total phosphorus.
引文
鲍建平,陈辉.1983.太湖的浮游动物.淡水渔业,(6):33-38.
陈伟民,秦伯强.1998.太湖梅梁湾冬末春初浮游动物时空变化及其环境意义.湖泊科学,10(4):10-16.
曹艳敏,张恩楼,沈吉,等.2011.太湖梅梁湾摇蚊亚化石沉积记录及营养演化研究.湖泊科学,23(4):549-554.
蔡琳琳,朱广伟,朱梦圆,等.2012.太湖梅梁湾湖岸带浮游植物群落演替及其与水华形成的关系.生态科学,31(4):345-351.
范成新.1996.太湖水体生态环境历史演变.湖泊科学,8(4):297-304.
顾杨亮,徐磊,林秋奇,等.2013.新亚种-中华拟同形蟤(Daphnia similoides sinensis).生态科学,32(3):308-312.
蒋燮治.1955.五里湖的枝角类.水生生物学集刊,(2):97-114.
蒋燮治,堵南山.1979.中国动物志·淡水枝角类.北京:科学出版社.
刘恩峰,沈洁,刘兴起,等.2005.太湖沉积物重金属和营养盐变化特征及污染历史.中国科学(D辑:地球科学),35(s2):73-80.
刘恩生,鲍传和,吴林坤,等.2007.太湖新银鱼、鲚鱼的食性比较及相互影响分析.湖泊科学,19(1):103-110.
刘恩生,刘正文,陈伟民,等.2005.太湖鱼类产量、组成的变动规律及与环境的关系.湖泊科学,17(3):251-255.
刘桂民,陈非洲,刘正文.2008.太湖枝角类微化石的初步研究.湖泊科学,20(4):470-476.
李静,陈非洲.2010.太湖夏秋季大型枝角类(Daphnia)种群消失的初步分析.湖泊科学,22(4):552-556.
李娟,温周瑞,李庚辰.2014.太湖梅梁湾和贡湖湾浮游甲壳动物群落结构及其与环境因子的相互关系.长江流域资源与环境,23(s1):81-90.
林琳,吴敬禄.2005.太湖梅梁湾富营养化过程的同位素地球化学证据.中国科学(D辑:地球科学),35(s2):55-62.
孟琼,邓道贵.2008.枝角类休眠卵形成和萌发的研究进展.动物学杂志,43(3):154-160.
潘宏凯,杨桂军,刘正文.2006.太湖春季浮游动物磷释放的初步研究.湖泊科学,18(1):69-72.
宓莹,黄昌春,杨浩,等.2014.太湖梅梁湾地区人类活动对湖泊沉积环境的影响.亚热带资源与环境学报,9(4):26-35.
秦伯强.2004.太湖水环境演化过程与机理.北京:科学出版社.
钱君龙,张连弟,乐美麟.1990.过硫酸盐消化法测定土壤全氮全磷.土壤,22(5):258-262.
钱奎梅,陈宇炜,宋晓兰.2008.太湖浮游植物优势种长期演化与富营养化进程的关系.生态科学,27(2):65-70.
孙顺才,黄漪平.1993.太湖.北京:海洋出版社.
宋晓兰.2006.太湖梅梁湾和五里湖浮游植物群落时空变化研究(硕士学位论文).南京:中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所.
王颖,杨桂军,秦伯强.2014.太湖不同生态类型湖区浮游甲壳动物群落结构季节变化比较.湖泊科学,26(5):743-750.
徐敏,张海军,邓道贵,等.2014.基于16S r DNA和COⅠ基因序列探讨四种蟤类的系统关系和分类地位.水生生物学报,38(6):1040-1046.
杨桂军.2005.太湖三个湖区浮游动物群落结构周年变化的比较研究(硕士学位论文).武汉:华中农业大学.
杨桂军,潘宏凯,刘正文.2008.太湖不同湖区浮游甲壳动物季节变化的比较.中国环境科学,28(1):27-32.
尹洪斌,范成新,丁士明,等.2008.太湖梅梁湾与五里湖沉积物活性硫和重金属分布特征及相关性研究.环境科学,29(7):1791-1796.
钟春妮,杨桂军,高映海.2012.太湖贡湖湾大型浮游动物群落结构的季节变化.水生态学杂志,33(1):47-52.
朱广伟.2008.太湖富营养化现状及原因分析.湖泊科学,20(1):21-26.
赵会,张坤,彭水秀,等.2018.军山湖、青山湖和瑶湖春夏季节浮游甲壳动物的群落结构及其与环境因子的关系.生态学杂志,37(4):1197-1203.
张坤.2016.巢湖沉积物中蟤属枝角类休眠卵密度的时空变化(硕士学位论文).淮北:淮北师范大学.
Benzie JAH.2005.The genus Daphnia(including Daphniopsis)(Anomopoda:Daphniidae).Leiden:Backhuys Publishers.
Boucherle MM,Züllig H.1983.Cladoceran remains as evidence of change in trophic state in three Swiss lakes.Hydrobiologia,103:141-146.
Deng DG,Xie P,Zhou Q,et al.2008.Field and experimental studies on the combined impacts of cyanobacterial blooms and small algae on crustacean zooplankton in a large,eutrophic subtropical Chinese lake.Limnology,9:1-11.
Innes DJ,Singleton DR.2000.Variation in allocation to sexual and asexual reproduction among clones of cyclically parthenogenetic Daphnia pulex(Crustacea:Cladocera).Biological Journal of the Linnean Society,71:771-787.
Jeppesen E,Leacitt P,Meester LD,et al.2001.Functional ecology and palaeolimnology:Using cladoceran remains to reconstruct anthropogenic impact.Trends in Ecology&Evolution,16:191-198.
Johansson LS,Amsinck SL,Bjerring R,et al.2005.Mid-to late-Holocene land-use change and lake development at Dallund S,Denmark:Trophic structure inferred from cladoceran subfossils.Holocene,15:1143-1151.
Winsor GL,Innes DJ.2002.Sexual reproduction in Daphnia pulex,(Crustacea:Cladocera):Observations on male mating behaviour and avoidance of inbreeding.Freshwater Biology,47:441-450.
Whiteside MC,Swindoll MR.1988.Guidelines and limitations to cladoceran paleoecological interpretations.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,62:405-412.
陈伟民,秦伯强.1998.太湖梅梁湾冬末春初浮游动物时空变化及其环境意义.湖泊科学,10(4):10-16.
曹艳敏,张恩楼,沈吉,等.2011.太湖梅梁湾摇蚊亚化石沉积记录及营养演化研究.湖泊科学,23(4):549-554.
蔡琳琳,朱广伟,朱梦圆,等.2012.太湖梅梁湾湖岸带浮游植物群落演替及其与水华形成的关系.生态科学,31(4):345-351.
范成新.1996.太湖水体生态环境历史演变.湖泊科学,8(4):297-304.
顾杨亮,徐磊,林秋奇,等.2013.新亚种-中华拟同形蟤(Daphnia similoides sinensis).生态科学,32(3):308-312.
蒋燮治.1955.五里湖的枝角类.水生生物学集刊,(2):97-114.
蒋燮治,堵南山.1979.中国动物志·淡水枝角类.北京:科学出版社.
刘恩峰,沈洁,刘兴起,等.2005.太湖沉积物重金属和营养盐变化特征及污染历史.中国科学(D辑:地球科学),35(s2):73-80.
刘恩生,鲍传和,吴林坤,等.2007.太湖新银鱼、鲚鱼的食性比较及相互影响分析.湖泊科学,19(1):103-110.
刘恩生,刘正文,陈伟民,等.2005.太湖鱼类产量、组成的变动规律及与环境的关系.湖泊科学,17(3):251-255.
刘桂民,陈非洲,刘正文.2008.太湖枝角类微化石的初步研究.湖泊科学,20(4):470-476.
李静,陈非洲.2010.太湖夏秋季大型枝角类(Daphnia)种群消失的初步分析.湖泊科学,22(4):552-556.
李娟,温周瑞,李庚辰.2014.太湖梅梁湾和贡湖湾浮游甲壳动物群落结构及其与环境因子的相互关系.长江流域资源与环境,23(s1):81-90.
林琳,吴敬禄.2005.太湖梅梁湾富营养化过程的同位素地球化学证据.中国科学(D辑:地球科学),35(s2):55-62.
孟琼,邓道贵.2008.枝角类休眠卵形成和萌发的研究进展.动物学杂志,43(3):154-160.
潘宏凯,杨桂军,刘正文.2006.太湖春季浮游动物磷释放的初步研究.湖泊科学,18(1):69-72.
宓莹,黄昌春,杨浩,等.2014.太湖梅梁湾地区人类活动对湖泊沉积环境的影响.亚热带资源与环境学报,9(4):26-35.
秦伯强.2004.太湖水环境演化过程与机理.北京:科学出版社.
钱君龙,张连弟,乐美麟.1990.过硫酸盐消化法测定土壤全氮全磷.土壤,22(5):258-262.
钱奎梅,陈宇炜,宋晓兰.2008.太湖浮游植物优势种长期演化与富营养化进程的关系.生态科学,27(2):65-70.
孙顺才,黄漪平.1993.太湖.北京:海洋出版社.
宋晓兰.2006.太湖梅梁湾和五里湖浮游植物群落时空变化研究(硕士学位论文).南京:中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所.
王颖,杨桂军,秦伯强.2014.太湖不同生态类型湖区浮游甲壳动物群落结构季节变化比较.湖泊科学,26(5):743-750.
徐敏,张海军,邓道贵,等.2014.基于16S r DNA和COⅠ基因序列探讨四种蟤类的系统关系和分类地位.水生生物学报,38(6):1040-1046.
杨桂军.2005.太湖三个湖区浮游动物群落结构周年变化的比较研究(硕士学位论文).武汉:华中农业大学.
杨桂军,潘宏凯,刘正文.2008.太湖不同湖区浮游甲壳动物季节变化的比较.中国环境科学,28(1):27-32.
尹洪斌,范成新,丁士明,等.2008.太湖梅梁湾与五里湖沉积物活性硫和重金属分布特征及相关性研究.环境科学,29(7):1791-1796.
钟春妮,杨桂军,高映海.2012.太湖贡湖湾大型浮游动物群落结构的季节变化.水生态学杂志,33(1):47-52.
朱广伟.2008.太湖富营养化现状及原因分析.湖泊科学,20(1):21-26.
赵会,张坤,彭水秀,等.2018.军山湖、青山湖和瑶湖春夏季节浮游甲壳动物的群落结构及其与环境因子的关系.生态学杂志,37(4):1197-1203.
张坤.2016.巢湖沉积物中蟤属枝角类休眠卵密度的时空变化(硕士学位论文).淮北:淮北师范大学.
Benzie JAH.2005.The genus Daphnia(including Daphniopsis)(Anomopoda:Daphniidae).Leiden:Backhuys Publishers.
Boucherle MM,Züllig H.1983.Cladoceran remains as evidence of change in trophic state in three Swiss lakes.Hydrobiologia,103:141-146.
Deng DG,Xie P,Zhou Q,et al.2008.Field and experimental studies on the combined impacts of cyanobacterial blooms and small algae on crustacean zooplankton in a large,eutrophic subtropical Chinese lake.Limnology,9:1-11.
Innes DJ,Singleton DR.2000.Variation in allocation to sexual and asexual reproduction among clones of cyclically parthenogenetic Daphnia pulex(Crustacea:Cladocera).Biological Journal of the Linnean Society,71:771-787.
Jeppesen E,Leacitt P,Meester LD,et al.2001.Functional ecology and palaeolimnology:Using cladoceran remains to reconstruct anthropogenic impact.Trends in Ecology&Evolution,16:191-198.
Johansson LS,Amsinck SL,Bjerring R,et al.2005.Mid-to late-Holocene land-use change and lake development at Dallund S,Denmark:Trophic structure inferred from cladoceran subfossils.Holocene,15:1143-1151.
Winsor GL,Innes DJ.2002.Sexual reproduction in Daphnia pulex,(Crustacea:Cladocera):Observations on male mating behaviour and avoidance of inbreeding.Freshwater Biology,47:441-450.
Whiteside MC,Swindoll MR.1988.Guidelines and limitations to cladoceran paleoecological interpretations.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,62:405-412.