舰船辐射噪声中鲸类联络叫声检测方法
|
摘要
鲸类联络叫声的频段与舰船辐射噪声频段的重叠,使其易被误检测为舰船噪声而被被动声纳接收,影响后续对被动声纳检测到的信号进行目标自主识别等信号处理的性能。针对鲸类联络叫声干扰目标识别等声纳信号后续处理的问题,提出舰船辐射噪声中鲸类联络叫声检测算法,为削除鲸类联络叫声干扰作准备,算法首先通过理论与实测数据分析得出舰船辐射噪声频谱分布的短时稳定性特征,进而采用中值滤波方法对舰船辐射噪声进行白化处理,利用三阶多项式相位信号对鲸类叫声建模,然后通过基于匹配滤波器的广义似然比检测方法,实现了舰船辐射噪声中鲸类信号的检测。经实测信号的实验验证,提出的算法适用于不同类型和工况的舰船;通过与其他三种检测方法的比较分析,算法在给定虚警率下可以取得较高的鲸类叫声检测率,检测结果优于其他三种方法。
Some whale contact calls are mis-detected as ship-radiated noise by a ship's passive sonar due to their frequency bands overlapping. So,these whale calls should be detected correctly and eliminated to improve the further target autonomous recognition. Here,a two-stage whale calls detection algorithm was proposed. In the first stage,whale calls were modeled with the polynomial phase signal and the ship-radiated noise was modeled with the local stationary Gaussian random process after pre-whitened based on its frequency stability. Then whale contact calls were detected using the generalized likelihood ratio detection method based on matched filters. The test results based on a great many measured data showed that the proposed method is applicable for various types of ships; compared with another three detection methods,the proposed method is superior to the other three ones,and can achieve a higher whale calls detection rate under a certain false alarm rate.
Some whale contact calls are mis-detected as ship-radiated noise by a ship's passive sonar due to their frequency bands overlapping. So,these whale calls should be detected correctly and eliminated to improve the further target autonomous recognition. Here,a two-stage whale calls detection algorithm was proposed. In the first stage,whale calls were modeled with the polynomial phase signal and the ship-radiated noise was modeled with the local stationary Gaussian random process after pre-whitened based on its frequency stability. Then whale contact calls were detected using the generalized likelihood ratio detection method based on matched filters. The test results based on a great many measured data showed that the proposed method is applicable for various types of ships; compared with another three detection methods,the proposed method is superior to the other three ones,and can achieve a higher whale calls detection rate under a certain false alarm rate.
引文
[1]URAZGHILDIIEV I,CLARK C W.Detection and recognition of north atlantics right whale contact calls in the presence of ambient noise[J].IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering,2009,34(3):358-368.
[2]汪德昭,尚尔昌.水声学[M].北京:科学出版社,2013,7.
[3]BERCHOK C L,BRADLEY D L,GABRIELSON T B,et al.Lawrence blue whale vocalizations revisited:Characterization of calls detected from 1998 to 2001[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2006,120(4):2340-2354.
[4]GILLESPIE D,CHAPPELL O.An automatic system for detecting and classifying the vocalizations of harbour porpoises[J].Bioacoustics:The International Journal of Animal Sound and its Recording,2002,13(1):37-61.
[5]GILLESPIE D,LEAPER R,CLARK C W,et al.Right whale acoustics:practical applications in conservation[C].International Fund for Animal Welfare,Yarmouth Port,MA,2001:23.
[6]MELLINGER D K,CLARK C W.A method for filtering bioacoustics transients by spectrogram image convolution[J].Oceans’93.Engineering in Harmony with the Ocean,1993,3:122-127.
[7]MELLINGER D K.Handling time variability in bioacoustics transient detection[J].Oceans’93.Engineering in Harmony with the Ocean,1993,3:116-121.
[8]MUNGER L,MELLINGER D,WIGGINS S,et al.Performance of spectrogram cross-correlation in detecting right whale calls in long term recordings from the Bering See[J].Canadian Acoustics,2005,33(2):25-34.
[9]MELLINGER D K.A comparison of methods for detecting right whale calls[J].Canadian Acoustics,2004,32(2):55-65.
[10]ERBE C.Detection of whale calls in noise:Performance comparison between a beluga whale,human listeners,and a neural network[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2000,108(1):297-303.
[11]GILLESPIE D.Detection and classification of Right Whale calls using’edge’detector operating on a smoothed spectrogram[J].Canadian Acoustics,2004,32(2):39-47.
[12]SNCHEZ-GARCíA A,MUOZ-ESPARZA P,SANCHOGOMEZ J L.A novel image-processing based method for the automatic detection,extraction and characterization of marine mammal tonal calls[J].Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom,2010,90(8):1667-1684.
[13]URAZGHILDIIEV I,CLARK C W.Acoustic detection of North Atlantic Right Whale contact calls using spectrogrambased statistics[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2007,122(2):769-776.
[14]URAZGHILDIIEV I,CLARK C.Acoustic detection of North Atlantic right whale contact calls using the generalized likelihood ratio test[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2006,120(4):1956-1963.
[15]HSU C L,JANG J S.On the improvement of singing voice separation for monaural recordings using the MIR-1K Dataset[J].IEEE Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing,2010,18(2):310-319.
[16]DURRIEU J E,DAVID B,RICHARD G.A musically Motivated Mid-level Representation for Pitch Estimation and Musical Audio Source Separation[J].IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing,2011,5(6):1180-1191.
[17]PARKS S E,TYACK P L.Sound production by North Atlantic right whale(Eubalaena glacialis)in surface active groups[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2005,117(5):3297-3306.
[18]郭龙祥,梅继丹,张亮.鲸豚类动物声信号的分析与识别[J].声学技术,2011,30(3):64-66.GUO Longxiang,MEI Jidan,ZHANG Liang.Analysis and identification of cetacean sounds[J].Technical Acoustic,2011,30(3):64-66.
[19]MARPLE S L.Digital spectral analysis with applications[M].Englewood Cliffs,NJ,US,Prentice-Hall,Inc.,1987:55-69.
[20]LA COUR B R,LINFORD M A.Detection and classification of North Atlantic right whales in the Bay of Fundy using independent component analysis[J].Canadian Acoustics,2004,32(2):48-54.
[21]ERBE C,KING A R.Automatic detection of marine mammals using information entropy[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2008,124(5):2833-2840.
[22]OSHEA P.A fast algorithm for estimating the parameters of a quadratic FM signal[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2004,52(2):385-393.
[2]汪德昭,尚尔昌.水声学[M].北京:科学出版社,2013,7.
[3]BERCHOK C L,BRADLEY D L,GABRIELSON T B,et al.Lawrence blue whale vocalizations revisited:Characterization of calls detected from 1998 to 2001[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2006,120(4):2340-2354.
[4]GILLESPIE D,CHAPPELL O.An automatic system for detecting and classifying the vocalizations of harbour porpoises[J].Bioacoustics:The International Journal of Animal Sound and its Recording,2002,13(1):37-61.
[5]GILLESPIE D,LEAPER R,CLARK C W,et al.Right whale acoustics:practical applications in conservation[C].International Fund for Animal Welfare,Yarmouth Port,MA,2001:23.
[6]MELLINGER D K,CLARK C W.A method for filtering bioacoustics transients by spectrogram image convolution[J].Oceans’93.Engineering in Harmony with the Ocean,1993,3:122-127.
[7]MELLINGER D K.Handling time variability in bioacoustics transient detection[J].Oceans’93.Engineering in Harmony with the Ocean,1993,3:116-121.
[8]MUNGER L,MELLINGER D,WIGGINS S,et al.Performance of spectrogram cross-correlation in detecting right whale calls in long term recordings from the Bering See[J].Canadian Acoustics,2005,33(2):25-34.
[9]MELLINGER D K.A comparison of methods for detecting right whale calls[J].Canadian Acoustics,2004,32(2):55-65.
[10]ERBE C.Detection of whale calls in noise:Performance comparison between a beluga whale,human listeners,and a neural network[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2000,108(1):297-303.
[11]GILLESPIE D.Detection and classification of Right Whale calls using’edge’detector operating on a smoothed spectrogram[J].Canadian Acoustics,2004,32(2):39-47.
[12]SNCHEZ-GARCíA A,MUOZ-ESPARZA P,SANCHOGOMEZ J L.A novel image-processing based method for the automatic detection,extraction and characterization of marine mammal tonal calls[J].Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom,2010,90(8):1667-1684.
[13]URAZGHILDIIEV I,CLARK C W.Acoustic detection of North Atlantic Right Whale contact calls using spectrogrambased statistics[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2007,122(2):769-776.
[14]URAZGHILDIIEV I,CLARK C.Acoustic detection of North Atlantic right whale contact calls using the generalized likelihood ratio test[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2006,120(4):1956-1963.
[15]HSU C L,JANG J S.On the improvement of singing voice separation for monaural recordings using the MIR-1K Dataset[J].IEEE Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing,2010,18(2):310-319.
[16]DURRIEU J E,DAVID B,RICHARD G.A musically Motivated Mid-level Representation for Pitch Estimation and Musical Audio Source Separation[J].IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing,2011,5(6):1180-1191.
[17]PARKS S E,TYACK P L.Sound production by North Atlantic right whale(Eubalaena glacialis)in surface active groups[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2005,117(5):3297-3306.
[18]郭龙祥,梅继丹,张亮.鲸豚类动物声信号的分析与识别[J].声学技术,2011,30(3):64-66.GUO Longxiang,MEI Jidan,ZHANG Liang.Analysis and identification of cetacean sounds[J].Technical Acoustic,2011,30(3):64-66.
[19]MARPLE S L.Digital spectral analysis with applications[M].Englewood Cliffs,NJ,US,Prentice-Hall,Inc.,1987:55-69.
[20]LA COUR B R,LINFORD M A.Detection and classification of North Atlantic right whales in the Bay of Fundy using independent component analysis[J].Canadian Acoustics,2004,32(2):48-54.
[21]ERBE C,KING A R.Automatic detection of marine mammals using information entropy[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2008,124(5):2833-2840.
[22]OSHEA P.A fast algorithm for estimating the parameters of a quadratic FM signal[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2004,52(2):385-393.