浅海环境中矢量水听器角度谱特性
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摘要
为探明远场舰船噪声和近场平台噪声声能流相互作用的机制对矢量水听器角度谱特性的影响,基于简正波矢量场理论,构建舰船平台噪声声场模型,获得与海上实验结果相符的声能流角度谱特性,声能流方向均随频率变化。对远场舰船噪声声能流和近场平台噪声声能流相互作用进行仿真,两者声能流强度的此消彼长使角度谱出现4种条纹,与海上实验获得的角度谱特性一致,导致目标方位估计出现误差,且不同频带上的结果不一致。说明两个声能流相互作用时,影响合成能流角度谱特性的主要因素是两者的声压级之差,为浅海中同时存在多个声源时的目标方位估计提供参考。
The impact of mechanism of interaction between the energy flow of the far-field ship noise and the near-field platform on the characteristics of frequency-time azimuth spectrum is discussed. Description of acoustic vector fields of normal modes theory is used to model the energy flows of radiated noise generated by the near-field platform. The characteristics of frequency-time azimuth spectrum are the same with the investigation by the vector hydrophone in shallow water. The azimuth of the energy flow changes with frequency. The interaction between the energy flow of the far-field ship noise and the near-field platform is simulated. The frequency-time azimuth spectrum turns up four kinds of stripes when the sound intensity of the energy flows change against each other, which is the same with the investigation of sea trial. The results of direction of arrival estimation appear inaccuracy, and vary with frequency. The main factor that affects the characteristics of frequency-time azimuth spectrum of resultant energy flow is the difference of sound pressure level. The estimation of the direction of arrival in shallow water when a number of sources exist benefits from this.
The impact of mechanism of interaction between the energy flow of the far-field ship noise and the near-field platform on the characteristics of frequency-time azimuth spectrum is discussed. Description of acoustic vector fields of normal modes theory is used to model the energy flows of radiated noise generated by the near-field platform. The characteristics of frequency-time azimuth spectrum are the same with the investigation by the vector hydrophone in shallow water. The azimuth of the energy flow changes with frequency. The interaction between the energy flow of the far-field ship noise and the near-field platform is simulated. The frequency-time azimuth spectrum turns up four kinds of stripes when the sound intensity of the energy flows change against each other, which is the same with the investigation of sea trial. The results of direction of arrival estimation appear inaccuracy, and vary with frequency. The main factor that affects the characteristics of frequency-time azimuth spectrum of resultant energy flow is the difference of sound pressure level. The estimation of the direction of arrival in shallow water when a number of sources exist benefits from this.
引文
1 Gordienko V A.贾志富译.声矢量-相位技术.北京:国防工业出版社,2014:290-298
2 Bereketli A,Guldogan M B,Kolcak T et al.Experiment.al results for direction of arrival estimation with a single acoustic vector sensor in shallow water.Journal of Sensors,2015:1-10
3 Felisberto P,Santos P,Jesus S M.Tracking source azimuth using a single vector sensor.2010 4th International Conference on Sensor Technologies and Applications,Venice,Italy,2010:416-421
4 Silvia M T,Richards R T.A theoretical and experimental investigation of low-frequency acoustic vector sensors.In:MTS/IEEE OCEANS 2002,2002;3:1886-1897
5 CHEN Huawei,QIU Xiaojun,ZHAO Junwei.Twodimensional wideband direction-of-arrival estimation with acoustic vector-sensor array.Chinese Journal of Acoustics,2006;25(1):36-44
6翟春平,张明伟,刘雨东等.航行船舶噪声源辐射部位定位实验研究.声学学报,2013;38(2):160 166
7笪良龙,侯文姝,孙芹东等.单矢量水听器估计目标方位的方法与实验.应用声学,2015;34(6):516-525
8 Wu Y,Lau S K,Wong K T.Near-field/far-field array manifold of an acoustic vector sensor near a reflecting boundary.J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,2016;139(6):3159-3176
9梅继丹,惠俊英,惠娟.聚焦波束形成声图近场被动定位技术仿真研究.系统仿真学报,2008;20(5):1328-1333
10 Clark J A,Tarasek G.Localization of radiating sources along the hull of a submarine using a vector sensor array.In:MTS/IEEE OCEANS 2006,2006:18-21
11 Wu Y I,Wong K T.Acoustic near-field source-localization by two passive anchor-nodes.IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,2012;48(1):159-169
12祝捍皓,朴胜春,张海刚等.一种浅海矢量场干涉结构提取方法,声学学报,2016;41(1):30-40
13林旺生,梁国龙,付进等.浅海矢量声场干涉结构形成机理及试验研究.物理学报,2013;62(14):144301
14 Ren Q Y,Hermand J P.Acoustic interferometry for geoacoustic characterization in a soft-layered sediment environment.J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,2013;133(1):82-93
15.Dall'Osto D R,Dahl P H.Properties of the acoustic intensity vector field in a shallow water waveguide.J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,2012;131(3):2023-2035
16 Wu Y I,Wong K T,Lau S K.The acoustic vector-sensor's near-field array-manifold.IEEE Trans.Signal Process,2010;58(7):3946-3951
17李然,马忠成,杜敬林.声源近距离矢量相位特性研究.舰船科学技术,2011;23(11):27-33
18休罗夫.贾志富译.海洋矢量声学.北京:国防工业出版社,2011:13 133
19 Shchurov V A,Ilyichev V I,Kuleshov V P et al.The interaction of energy flows of underwater ambient noise and a local source.J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,1991;90(2):1991-1001
20#12
21 HUI Junying,SUN Guocang,ZHAO Anbang.Normal mode acoustic intensity flux in Pekeris waveguide and its cross spectra signal processing.Chinese Journal of Acoustics.2009;28(1):21-27
2 Bereketli A,Guldogan M B,Kolcak T et al.Experiment.al results for direction of arrival estimation with a single acoustic vector sensor in shallow water.Journal of Sensors,2015:1-10
3 Felisberto P,Santos P,Jesus S M.Tracking source azimuth using a single vector sensor.2010 4th International Conference on Sensor Technologies and Applications,Venice,Italy,2010:416-421
4 Silvia M T,Richards R T.A theoretical and experimental investigation of low-frequency acoustic vector sensors.In:MTS/IEEE OCEANS 2002,2002;3:1886-1897
5 CHEN Huawei,QIU Xiaojun,ZHAO Junwei.Twodimensional wideband direction-of-arrival estimation with acoustic vector-sensor array.Chinese Journal of Acoustics,2006;25(1):36-44
6翟春平,张明伟,刘雨东等.航行船舶噪声源辐射部位定位实验研究.声学学报,2013;38(2):160 166
7笪良龙,侯文姝,孙芹东等.单矢量水听器估计目标方位的方法与实验.应用声学,2015;34(6):516-525
8 Wu Y,Lau S K,Wong K T.Near-field/far-field array manifold of an acoustic vector sensor near a reflecting boundary.J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,2016;139(6):3159-3176
9梅继丹,惠俊英,惠娟.聚焦波束形成声图近场被动定位技术仿真研究.系统仿真学报,2008;20(5):1328-1333
10 Clark J A,Tarasek G.Localization of radiating sources along the hull of a submarine using a vector sensor array.In:MTS/IEEE OCEANS 2006,2006:18-21
11 Wu Y I,Wong K T.Acoustic near-field source-localization by two passive anchor-nodes.IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,2012;48(1):159-169
12祝捍皓,朴胜春,张海刚等.一种浅海矢量场干涉结构提取方法,声学学报,2016;41(1):30-40
13林旺生,梁国龙,付进等.浅海矢量声场干涉结构形成机理及试验研究.物理学报,2013;62(14):144301
14 Ren Q Y,Hermand J P.Acoustic interferometry for geoacoustic characterization in a soft-layered sediment environment.J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,2013;133(1):82-93
15.Dall'Osto D R,Dahl P H.Properties of the acoustic intensity vector field in a shallow water waveguide.J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,2012;131(3):2023-2035
16 Wu Y I,Wong K T,Lau S K.The acoustic vector-sensor's near-field array-manifold.IEEE Trans.Signal Process,2010;58(7):3946-3951
17李然,马忠成,杜敬林.声源近距离矢量相位特性研究.舰船科学技术,2011;23(11):27-33
18休罗夫.贾志富译.海洋矢量声学.北京:国防工业出版社,2011:13 133
19 Shchurov V A,Ilyichev V I,Kuleshov V P et al.The interaction of energy flows of underwater ambient noise and a local source.J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,1991;90(2):1991-1001
20#12
21 HUI Junying,SUN Guocang,ZHAO Anbang.Normal mode acoustic intensity flux in Pekeris waveguide and its cross spectra signal processing.Chinese Journal of Acoustics.2009;28(1):21-27