森林质量评价及精准提升理论与技术研究
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摘要
在当前大力推进生态文明建设的背景下,森林质量提升已经成为一个重要的主题,并将是今后相当长一个时期内林业的目标和任务。森林经营是实现森林质量提升的根本途径,当前迫切需要明确实现精准提升森林质量的理论基础和技术体系。森林质量的评价指标有哪些?如何基于生态学理论和经营理论来提升森林质量?本文采用文献分析方法,对国内外森林质量评价指标进行了综述,从森林干扰理论、演替理论、主导生态因子作用、生态位原理、生物多样性原理和边缘效应原理等方面总结分析了质量提升的生态学和林学基础。认为森林质量评价指标存在层次性和目标相关性,核心是森林生态系统本身的属性,提出了评价指标体系框架。构建了森林质量精准提升技术体系,包括立地评价和适地适树、森林生长收获预测、森林经营规划等7个方面,为我国的森林质量精准提升工作提供依据。
Forest quality improvement has become an important topic in the current context of vigorously promoting the construction of ecological civilization, and will be the goal and task of the forest industry for a long time in the future. Forest management is the fundamental way to improve forest quality. There is an urgent need to clarify the theoretical basis and technical system of precise improvement of forest quality.What are the evaluation indicators of forest quality? How to improve forest quality based on ecological and management theory? The evaluation indicators of forest quality were reviewed by literature analysis. The ecological and forestry bases of quality improvement were summarized and analyzed from the aspects of forest disturbance theory, succession theory, dominant ecological factors, niche principle, biodiversity principle and edge effect principle. It is considered that there are hierarchical and objective correlations among the indexes, and the core is the attributes of forest ecosystem itself. A framework of evaluation index system was put forward. The technical system of forest quality precise improvement was constructed,including matching species with the site, prediction of forest growth and harvest, forest management planning, etc., to provide a basis for precise improvement of forest quality in China.
Forest quality improvement has become an important topic in the current context of vigorously promoting the construction of ecological civilization, and will be the goal and task of the forest industry for a long time in the future. Forest management is the fundamental way to improve forest quality. There is an urgent need to clarify the theoretical basis and technical system of precise improvement of forest quality.What are the evaluation indicators of forest quality? How to improve forest quality based on ecological and management theory? The evaluation indicators of forest quality were reviewed by literature analysis. The ecological and forestry bases of quality improvement were summarized and analyzed from the aspects of forest disturbance theory, succession theory, dominant ecological factors, niche principle, biodiversity principle and edge effect principle. It is considered that there are hierarchical and objective correlations among the indexes, and the core is the attributes of forest ecosystem itself. A framework of evaluation index system was put forward. The technical system of forest quality precise improvement was constructed,including matching species with the site, prediction of forest growth and harvest, forest management planning, etc., to provide a basis for precise improvement of forest quality in China.
引文
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