飞行错觉模拟器飞行仿真系统设计
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摘要
目的设计和实现专用飞行仿真系统,用于研制国产飞行错觉模拟器。方法根据飞行错觉模拟功能要求,分析提出了飞行仿真系统技术性能指标,采用动感模拟、飞行环境建模与仿真等方法,设计开发了由六自由度运动系统、视景显示、仪表仿真、声音模拟、操纵、飞机性能仿真等6个子系统组成的飞行仿真系统,对飞行仿真和错觉模拟性能进行了测试与评价。结果运动模拟、系统时间延迟性能满足飞行错觉模拟要求,飞行员对飞行仿真和错觉模拟性能15项评价指标的主观评分中,80%达良好以上。结论设计实现的飞行仿真系统具有良好的飞行仿真逼真度和飞行错觉模拟效果,可应用于飞行错觉模拟器研制和错觉模拟功能开发。
Objective To design and implement a flight simulation system for the development of space disorientation(SD)simulator.Methods The technical indexes of the SD simulator were analyzed and proposed according to the function requirements.Then the flight simulation system consisting of six sub-systems was developed using the motion simulation,flight environment modeling and simulation methods.The performances of the flight simulation and SD simulation were tested and evaluated.Results Motion simulation and the latency of the flight simulation system could meet the requirements for the SD simulation.Among the 15 subjective evaluation indexes,80% were above good.Conclusion The fidelity of flight simulation and the SD simulation of the developed flight simulation system is satisfactory.It could be used in the development of SD simulator.
Objective To design and implement a flight simulation system for the development of space disorientation(SD)simulator.Methods The technical indexes of the SD simulator were analyzed and proposed according to the function requirements.Then the flight simulation system consisting of six sub-systems was developed using the motion simulation,flight environment modeling and simulation methods.The performances of the flight simulation and SD simulation were tested and evaluated.Results Motion simulation and the latency of the flight simulation system could meet the requirements for the SD simulation.Among the 15 subjective evaluation indexes,80% were above good.Conclusion The fidelity of flight simulation and the SD simulation of the developed flight simulation system is satisfactory.It could be used in the development of SD simulator.
引文
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[2]于立身,陈太生,于刚,等.前庭功能检查技术[M].西安:第四军医大学出版社,2013:531-533.Yu LS,Chen TS,Yu G,et al.Vestibular Function Examination Technique[M].Xi’an:The Fourth Military Medical University Press,2013:531-533.
[3]罗永昌,王颉,毕红哲,等.军事航空医学概论[M].北京:人民军医出版社,2014:265-279.Luo YC,Wang J,Ni HZ,et al.Introduction to Military Aviation Medicine[M].Beijing:People’s Military Medical Press,2014:265-279.
[4]Stott JRR.Orientation and disorientation in aviation[J].Extreme Physiol Med,2013,2(1):2.
[5]Sanchez-Tena MA,Alvarez-Peregrina C,Valbuena-Iglesias MC,et al.Optical illusions and spatial disorientation in aviation pilots[J].Journal of Medical Systems,2018,45(5):79.
[6]Nash CJ,Cole1DJ,Bigler RS.A review of human sensory dynamics for application to models of driver steering and speed control[J].Biol Cybern,2016,110(2-3):91-116.
[7]Willem B.Spatial disorientation training-demonstration and avoidance:RTO-TR-HFM-118[R].Netherlands:The Research and Technology Organization(RTO)of NATO,2008:27-28.
[8]谢溯江,徐珀,贾宏博,等.飞行员地面错觉模拟及其反应参考值[J].中华航空航天医学杂志,2011,22(2):81-85.Xie SJ,Xu P,Jia HB,et al.Pilot’s ground-based spatial disorientation training and its reference values of response[J].Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine,2011,22(2):81-85.
[9]毕红哲,谢溯江,贾宏博.高性能战斗机飞行员仪表视觉空间定向能力训练效果观察[J].中华航空航天医学杂志,2010,21(1):26-29.Bi HZ,Xie SJ,Jia HB.Effects of instrument visual spatial orientation training of high performance fighter pilots[J].Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine,2010,21(1):26-29.
[10]程洪书,赵保明,张福,等.飞行错觉模拟训练系统的研究与开发[J].火力与指挥控制,2012,37(9):201-204.Cheng HS,Zhao BM,Zhang F,et al.Research and development of simulation training system of flight simulation[J].Fire Control&Command Control,2012,37(9):201-204.
[11]宋新亮,段虹,孙喜庆,等.短臂离心机暴露时前庭性错觉的诱发效果及特点[J].航天医学与医学工程,2013,26(5):359-362.Song XL,Duan H,Sun XQ,et al.The effects and characteristics of vestibular illusions induced by short arm human centrifuge exposure[J].Space Medicine&Medical Engineering,2013,26(5):359-362.
[12]宋新亮,顾绍江,周娅蕾,等.短臂离心机不同转速暴露时躯体重力错觉及前庭自主神经反应对比[J].航天医学与医学工程,2017,30(2):88-91.Song XL,Gu SJ,Zhou YL,et al.Comparison of somatogravic illusions and vestibular autonomic reaction induced with short arm centrifuge exposure with various speeds[J].Space Medicine&Medical Engineering,2017,30(2):88-91.
[13]彭晓源,何业祯,靳有道,等.GJB2021-94飞行模拟器六自由度运动系统设计要求[S].北京:国防科学技术工业委员会,1994.Peng XY,He YZ,Jin YD,et al.GJB 2021-94Six-degreeof-freedom motion system designation requirements for flight simulator[S].Commission of Science,Technology and Industry for National Defence,1994.
[14]郭晓轮,陈越,郭春,等.GJB 1395A-2009飞机模拟器通用规范[S].北京:总装备部军标出版发行部,2010.Guo XL,Chen Y,Guo C,et al.GJB 1395A-2009General specification for airplane simulator[S].Beijing:General Armament Department Military Standard Publishing Department,2010.
[15]高亚奎,朱江,林皓,等.飞行仿真技术[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2015:432-438.Gao YK,Zhu J,Lin H.Fight Simulation Technology[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press,2015:432-438.
[16]Allerton D.Principles of Flight Simulation[M].UK:John Wiley and Sons Ltd Publication,2009:298-299.