稳定氢氧同位素定量植物水分来源的不确定性解析
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摘要
稳定氢氧同位素技术被广泛运用于生态系统、特别是干旱区生态系统中植物水分来源的研究,其理论假设为"水分被植物根系吸收并向木质部运输过程中不发生氢氧同位素分馏"。生态系统中不同水源的氢氧同位素组成普遍存在显著差异,为从水源混合体中区分出各水源的贡献率提供了前提条件。但在实际应用过程中,诸多因素导致稳定氢氧同位素技术定量植物水分来源的结果具有不确定性。综合已有研究并加以分析,举证说明植物吸收水分相对于水源同位素变化的滞后性、水源同位素的季节性变化、蒸发作用和水源之间的混合作用对水源同位素的影响等导致植物水分来源定量结果不确定性的几个因素,以期为今后稳定氢氧同位素技术在植物水分来源领域的应用提供参考。
Stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope analysis has been used widely to study the usage of plant water in ecosystems,especially in arid ecosystems. The theoretical basis of this analysis is that hydrogen and oxygen isotopes do not fractionate during the processes of root water absorption and water transport to the plant xylem. Dramatic differences in hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratios exist among various water sources within an ecosystem,which is a pre-condition of using stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope analysis to distinguish the proportional contributions of different water sources. However,some factors have caused uncertainty in the quantification of plant water sources using stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope analysis. This study has discussed previous research as examples of the factors leading to this uncertainty,such as the retention of root water uptake in relation to the dynamics of the isotopic ratio of water sources,the seasonal variation of isotopic water sources,and the variation of the isotopic ratio of water sources caused by evaporation and mixing of different water sources. Our research can act as a reference for future research into the quantification of plant water sources using stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopic analysis.
Stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope analysis has been used widely to study the usage of plant water in ecosystems,especially in arid ecosystems. The theoretical basis of this analysis is that hydrogen and oxygen isotopes do not fractionate during the processes of root water absorption and water transport to the plant xylem. Dramatic differences in hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratios exist among various water sources within an ecosystem,which is a pre-condition of using stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope analysis to distinguish the proportional contributions of different water sources. However,some factors have caused uncertainty in the quantification of plant water sources using stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope analysis. This study has discussed previous research as examples of the factors leading to this uncertainty,such as the retention of root water uptake in relation to the dynamics of the isotopic ratio of water sources,the seasonal variation of isotopic water sources,and the variation of the isotopic ratio of water sources caused by evaporation and mixing of different water sources. Our research can act as a reference for future research into the quantification of plant water sources using stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopic analysis.
引文
[1]Ehleringer J R,Dawson T E.Water uptake by plants:perspectives from stable isotope composition.Plant,Cell&Environment,1992,15(9):1073-1082.
[2]Meinzer F C,Clearwater M J,Goldstein G.Water transport in trees:current perspectives,new insights and some controversies.Environmental and Experimental Botany,2001,45(3):239-262.
[3]Dawson T E,Ehleringer J R.Streamside trees that do not use stream water.Nature,1991,350(6316):335-337.
[4]Donovan L A,Ehleringer J R.Water stress and use of summer precipitation in a great basin shrub community.Functional Ecology,1994,8(3):289-297.
[5]Flanagan L B,Ehleringer J R,Marshall J D.Differential uptake of summer precipitation among co‐occurring trees and shrubs in a pinyon-juniper woodland.Plant,Cell&Environment,1992,15(7):831-836.
[6]Mc Cole A A,Stern L A.Seasonal water use patterns of Juniperus ashei on the Edwards Plateau,Texas,based on stable isotopes in water.Journal of Hydrology,2007,342(3/4):238-248.
[7]Schachtschneider K,February E C.The relationship between fog,floods,groundwater and tree growth along the lower Kuiseb River in the hyperarid Namib.Journal of Arid Environments,2010,74(12):1632-1637.
[8]巩国丽,陈辉,段德玉.利用稳定氢氧同位素定量区分白刺水分来源的方法比较.生态学报,2011,31(24):7533-7541.
[9]邢星,陈辉,朱建佳,陈同同.柴达木盆地诺木洪地区5种优势荒漠植物水分来源.生态学报,2014,34(21):6277-6286.
[10]尹力,赵良菊,阮云峰,肖洪浪,程国栋,周茅先,王芳,李彩芝.黑河下游典型生态系统水分补给源及优势植物水分来源研究.冰川冻土,2012,34(6):1478-1486.
[11]Brunel J P,Walker G R,Walker C D,Dighton J C,Kennett-Smith A.Using stable isotopes of water to trace plant water uptake//International Atomic Energy Agency,ed.Stable Isotopes in Plant Nutrition,Soil Fertility and Environmental Studies.Vienne:AIEA,1991:543-551.
[12]Ehleringer J R,Phillips S L,Schuster W S F,Sandquist D R.Differential utilization of summer rains by desert plants.Oecologia,1991,88(3):430-434.
[13]White J W C,Cook E R,Lawrence J R,Broecker W S.The DH ratios of sap in trees:implications for water sources and tree ring DH ratios.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1985,49(1):237-246.
[14]Rothfuss Y,Javaux M.Reviews and syntheses:isotopic approaches to quantify root water uptake:a review and comparison of methods.Biogeosciences,2017,14(8):2199-2224.
[15]Phillips D L,Gregg J W.Uncertainty in source partitioning using stable isotopes.Oecologia,2001,127(2):171-179.
[16]Qian J,Zheng H,Wang P F,Liao X L,Wang C,Hou J,Ao Y H,Shen M M,Liu J J,Li K.Assessing the ecohydrological separation hypothesis and seasonal variations in water use by Ginkgo biloba L.in a subtropical riparian area.Journal of Hydrology,2017,553:486-500.
[17]Dawson T E.Hydraulic lift and water use by plants:implications for water balance,performance and plant-plant interactions.Oecologia,1993,95(4):565-574.
[18]Phillips D L,Gregg J W.Source partitioning using stable isotopes:coping with too many sources.Oecologia,2003,136(2):261-269.
[19]Moore J W,Semmens B X.Incorporating uncertainty and prior information into stable isotope mixing models.Ecology Letters,2008,11(5):470-480.
[20]Yang B,Wen X F,Sun X M.Seasonal variations in depth of water uptake for a subtropical coniferous plantation subjected to drought in an East Asian monsoon region.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2015,201:218-228.
[21]Wang J,Fu B J,Lu N,Zhang L.Seasonal variation in water uptake patterns of three plant species based on stable isotopes in the semi-arid Loess Plateau.Science of the Total Environment,2017,609:27-37.
[22]钱龙娇.基于氢氧稳定同位素浑善达克沙地人工种植杨树吸水来源和耗水耦合研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2017.
[23]王玉阳,陈亚鹏,李卫红,王日照,周莹莹,张建鹏.塔里木河下游典型荒漠河岸植物水分来源.中国沙漠,2017,37(6):1150-1157.
[24]Wu Y,Zhou H,Zheng X J,Li Y,Tang L S.Seasonal changes in the water use strategies of three co-occurring desert shrubs.Hydrological Processes,2014,28(26):6265-6275.
[25]张应华,仵彦卿.黑河流域不同水体中δ18O的变化.水科学进展,2007,18(6):864-870.
[26]李亚飞,于静洁,陆凯,王平,张一驰,杜朝阳.额济纳三角洲胡杨和多枝柽柳水分来源解析.植物生态学报,2017,41(5):519-528.
[2]Meinzer F C,Clearwater M J,Goldstein G.Water transport in trees:current perspectives,new insights and some controversies.Environmental and Experimental Botany,2001,45(3):239-262.
[3]Dawson T E,Ehleringer J R.Streamside trees that do not use stream water.Nature,1991,350(6316):335-337.
[4]Donovan L A,Ehleringer J R.Water stress and use of summer precipitation in a great basin shrub community.Functional Ecology,1994,8(3):289-297.
[5]Flanagan L B,Ehleringer J R,Marshall J D.Differential uptake of summer precipitation among co‐occurring trees and shrubs in a pinyon-juniper woodland.Plant,Cell&Environment,1992,15(7):831-836.
[6]Mc Cole A A,Stern L A.Seasonal water use patterns of Juniperus ashei on the Edwards Plateau,Texas,based on stable isotopes in water.Journal of Hydrology,2007,342(3/4):238-248.
[7]Schachtschneider K,February E C.The relationship between fog,floods,groundwater and tree growth along the lower Kuiseb River in the hyperarid Namib.Journal of Arid Environments,2010,74(12):1632-1637.
[8]巩国丽,陈辉,段德玉.利用稳定氢氧同位素定量区分白刺水分来源的方法比较.生态学报,2011,31(24):7533-7541.
[9]邢星,陈辉,朱建佳,陈同同.柴达木盆地诺木洪地区5种优势荒漠植物水分来源.生态学报,2014,34(21):6277-6286.
[10]尹力,赵良菊,阮云峰,肖洪浪,程国栋,周茅先,王芳,李彩芝.黑河下游典型生态系统水分补给源及优势植物水分来源研究.冰川冻土,2012,34(6):1478-1486.
[11]Brunel J P,Walker G R,Walker C D,Dighton J C,Kennett-Smith A.Using stable isotopes of water to trace plant water uptake//International Atomic Energy Agency,ed.Stable Isotopes in Plant Nutrition,Soil Fertility and Environmental Studies.Vienne:AIEA,1991:543-551.
[12]Ehleringer J R,Phillips S L,Schuster W S F,Sandquist D R.Differential utilization of summer rains by desert plants.Oecologia,1991,88(3):430-434.
[13]White J W C,Cook E R,Lawrence J R,Broecker W S.The DH ratios of sap in trees:implications for water sources and tree ring DH ratios.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1985,49(1):237-246.
[14]Rothfuss Y,Javaux M.Reviews and syntheses:isotopic approaches to quantify root water uptake:a review and comparison of methods.Biogeosciences,2017,14(8):2199-2224.
[15]Phillips D L,Gregg J W.Uncertainty in source partitioning using stable isotopes.Oecologia,2001,127(2):171-179.
[16]Qian J,Zheng H,Wang P F,Liao X L,Wang C,Hou J,Ao Y H,Shen M M,Liu J J,Li K.Assessing the ecohydrological separation hypothesis and seasonal variations in water use by Ginkgo biloba L.in a subtropical riparian area.Journal of Hydrology,2017,553:486-500.
[17]Dawson T E.Hydraulic lift and water use by plants:implications for water balance,performance and plant-plant interactions.Oecologia,1993,95(4):565-574.
[18]Phillips D L,Gregg J W.Source partitioning using stable isotopes:coping with too many sources.Oecologia,2003,136(2):261-269.
[19]Moore J W,Semmens B X.Incorporating uncertainty and prior information into stable isotope mixing models.Ecology Letters,2008,11(5):470-480.
[20]Yang B,Wen X F,Sun X M.Seasonal variations in depth of water uptake for a subtropical coniferous plantation subjected to drought in an East Asian monsoon region.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2015,201:218-228.
[21]Wang J,Fu B J,Lu N,Zhang L.Seasonal variation in water uptake patterns of three plant species based on stable isotopes in the semi-arid Loess Plateau.Science of the Total Environment,2017,609:27-37.
[22]钱龙娇.基于氢氧稳定同位素浑善达克沙地人工种植杨树吸水来源和耗水耦合研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2017.
[23]王玉阳,陈亚鹏,李卫红,王日照,周莹莹,张建鹏.塔里木河下游典型荒漠河岸植物水分来源.中国沙漠,2017,37(6):1150-1157.
[24]Wu Y,Zhou H,Zheng X J,Li Y,Tang L S.Seasonal changes in the water use strategies of three co-occurring desert shrubs.Hydrological Processes,2014,28(26):6265-6275.
[25]张应华,仵彦卿.黑河流域不同水体中δ18O的变化.水科学进展,2007,18(6):864-870.
[26]李亚飞,于静洁,陆凯,王平,张一驰,杜朝阳.额济纳三角洲胡杨和多枝柽柳水分来源解析.植物生态学报,2017,41(5):519-528.