考虑负载变化的植物绝缘油变压器温升特性研究
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摘要
为研究植物绝缘油变压器在实际运行中的温升特性,应用热工学和流体力学原理分析了变压器内部传导热及散热机制,建立了变压器的二维简化模型。采用有限元法求解该模型在考虑负载变化下的温度场,得到了植物绝缘油变压器在稳定负载时的温度场分布,与矿物绝缘油变压器进行了对比,发现:当负载系数K<1.5时,矿物绝缘油变压器的温升特性优于植物绝缘油,而当负载系数K≥1.5时,植物绝缘油变压器的温升特性优于矿物绝缘油变压器;同时,基于给定的动态负载曲线计算了植物绝缘油变压器的温度场分布,同样与矿物绝缘油变压器进行了对比。结果表明,当负载较低时,植物绝缘油变压器的温升特性比矿物绝缘油变压器差,而当负载较高时,植物绝缘油变压器的温升特性优于矿物绝缘油变压器。
To understand the temperature-rise characteristic of vegetable oil insulated transformer in practical operation,the heat conduction and heat dissipation mechanisms of the transformer are analyzed by finite element method based on thermodynamics and fluid mechanics. A two-dimensional simplified model of the transformer is established. The finite element method is used to solve the temperature field of the model under load change,and the temperature field distribution of the vegetable oil insulated transformer under stable load is obtained. It is found that, compared with the mineral oil insulated transformer, the vegetable oil insulated transformer achieves better temperature-rise characteristic when the load factor K is not less than 1.5,but it has worsete mperature-rise characteristic when K is less than 1.5. Moreover, the temperature field distribution of the vegetable oil insulated transformer is calculated based on the given dynamic load curve,and the result shows that the temperature-rise characteristic of the vegetable oil insulated transformer is better than that of the mineral oil insulated transformer under higher load,while under lower load,the result is opposite.
To understand the temperature-rise characteristic of vegetable oil insulated transformer in practical operation,the heat conduction and heat dissipation mechanisms of the transformer are analyzed by finite element method based on thermodynamics and fluid mechanics. A two-dimensional simplified model of the transformer is established. The finite element method is used to solve the temperature field of the model under load change,and the temperature field distribution of the vegetable oil insulated transformer under stable load is obtained. It is found that, compared with the mineral oil insulated transformer, the vegetable oil insulated transformer achieves better temperature-rise characteristic when the load factor K is not less than 1.5,but it has worsete mperature-rise characteristic when K is less than 1.5. Moreover, the temperature field distribution of the vegetable oil insulated transformer is calculated based on the given dynamic load curve,and the result shows that the temperature-rise characteristic of the vegetable oil insulated transformer is better than that of the mineral oil insulated transformer under higher load,while under lower load,the result is opposite.
引文
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[20]余辉,王诗琴,魏乐,等.植物油化学组成对其电气和理化性能的影响[C]//第十三届全国应用化学年会论文集.长春:中国化学会,2013:1-2.YU Hui,WANG Shiqin,WEI Le,et al.Influence of composition and structure on electrical and physicalchemical properties in vegetable insulating oil[C]//The13th National Applied Chemistry Annual Meeting Proceedings.Changchun:Chinese Chemical Society,2013:1-2.137
[2]李剑,刘兴鹏,王有元,等.以箱壁温度为判据的油浸式变压器绕组热点温度计算模型及试验分析[J].高电压技术,2011,37(10):2344-2349.LI Jian,LIU Xingpeng,WANG Youyuan,et al.Model of hot spot temperature in oil-immersed transformers using temperature estimation of tank wall[J].High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(10):2344-2349.
[3]李季,罗隆福,许加柱.电力机车主变压器油箱三维温度场有限元分析[J].高电压技术,2005,31(8):21-23.LI Ji,LUO Longfu,XU Jiazhu.Finite element analysis of the 3D thermal field of main transformer oil tank of electric locomotive[J].High Voltage Engineering,2005,31(8):21-23.
[4]傅晨钊,汲胜昌,王世山,等.基于有限元法的电缆变压器绕组的暂态热路模型研究[J].电工技术学报,2003,18(2):77-82.FU Chenzhao,JI Shengchang WANG Shishan,et al.A Study of transient thermal circuit model for the cable transformer coil based on finite element method[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2003,18(2):77-82.
[5]江淘莎,李剑,陈伟根,等.油浸式变压器绕组热点温度计算的热路模型[J].高电压技术,2009,35(7):1635-1640.JIANG Taosha,LI Jia,CHEN Weigen,et al.Thermal model for hot spot temperature calculation in oil-immersed transformers[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(7):1635-1640.
[6]温波,刘爽,冯加奇,等.油浸式电力变压器绕组温度场的二维仿真分析[J].变压器,2009,46(9):35-38.WEN Bo,LIU Shuang,FENG Jiaqi,et al.Two dimensional simulation analysis of winding temperature field of oil-immersed power transformer[J].Transformer,2009,46(9):35-38.
[7]QIAO W,ZHANG B,HAO Z,et al.Simulation and analysis of oil-immersed transformer based on thermalfluid coupled field[C]//International Conference on Power System Technology.[S.l.]:IEEE,2014:826-831.
[8]宋友,阮江军,王珊珊,等.油浸式变压器绝缘油热特性的仿真分析[J].绝缘材料,2015(4):21-24.SONG You,RUAN Jiangjun,WANG Shanshan,et al.Simulation analysis of thermal property of insulating oil for oil-immersed transformer[J].Insulating Materials,2015(4):21-24.
[9]尹克宁.变压器设计原理[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2003.YIN Kening.Design principle of transformer[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2003.
[10]刘传彝.电力变压器设计计算方法与实践[M].沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社,2002.LIU Chuanyi.Design and calculation method and practice of power transformer[M].Shenyang:Liaoning Science and Technology Press,2002..
[11]陶文铨.数值传热学[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1988.TAO Wenquan.Numerical heat transfer[M].Xi’an:Xi’an Jiaotong University Press,1988.
[12]COMSOL Multiphysics[DB/OL].[2017-05-16].http://www.Comsol.com/,2016.
[13]陈伟根,苏小平,孙才新,等.基于有限体积法的油浸式变压器绕组温度分布计算[J].电力自动化设备,2011,31(6):23-27.CHEN Weigen,SU Xiaoping,SUN Caixin,et al.Temperature distribution calculation based on FVM for oilimmersed power transformer windings[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2011,31(6):23-27.
[14]廖才波,阮江军,刘超,等.油浸式变压器三维电磁-流体-温度场耦合分析方法[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(9):150-155.LIAO Caibo,RUAN Jiangjun,LIU Chao,et al.Comprehensive analysis of 3-D electromagnetic-fluid-thermal fields of oil-immersed transformer[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(9):150-155.
[15]LIAO Caibo,RUAN Jiangjun,LIU Chao,et al.3-Dcoupled Electromagnetic-fluid-thermal analysis of oilimmersed triangular wound core transformer[J].IEEETransactions on Magnetics,2014,50(11):1-4.
[16]OOMMEN T V.Vegetable oils for liquid-filled transformers[J].IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine,2002,18(1):6-11.
[17]Power transformers-Part 7:Loading guide for oil-immersed power transformers:IEC 60076-7:2005[S].Geneva,Switzerland:IEC Central Office,2005.
[18]程志光,高桥则雄,博扎德·弗甘尼等,等.电气工程电磁热场模拟与应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.CHENG Zhiguang,TAKAHASHI N,FORGHANI B,et al.Electromagnetic and thermal field modeling and application in electrical engineering M].Beijing:Science Press,2009.
[19]电力变压器第2部分:液浸式变压器的温升:GB 1094.2-2013[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2013.Power transformer-Part 2:Temperature rise for liquidimmersed transformers:GB 1094.2-2013[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2013.
[20]余辉,王诗琴,魏乐,等.植物油化学组成对其电气和理化性能的影响[C]//第十三届全国应用化学年会论文集.长春:中国化学会,2013:1-2.YU Hui,WANG Shiqin,WEI Le,et al.Influence of composition and structure on electrical and physicalchemical properties in vegetable insulating oil[C]//The13th National Applied Chemistry Annual Meeting Proceedings.Changchun:Chinese Chemical Society,2013:1-2.137