基于植物群落谱系结构分析的金沙江干热河谷植被恢复研究
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摘要
在金沙江干热河谷选择5个典型区段,开展样方调查.总结151个100 m~2(10 m×10 m)样方数据,发现群落净谱系亲缘关系指数结构发散,而净最近种间亲缘关系指数却呈现相反的结果.说明该区域植物群落脆弱且不稳定,群落中少数物种的丧失极有可能造成不可逆转的生态系统改变,而且物种竞争在群落构建中尤为关键.因此,在金沙江干热河谷植被恢复工作中,应注意对原有物种的保护与利用,且不应采取引进新物种的方式.
Five typical sections in the Jinshajiang dry-hot valley in Yunnan Province,China were selected as the research object to analyze the data from 151 plots with the size of 100 m~2( 10 m × 10 m). The results showed that the majority of individual plant communities were phylogenetically over-dispersed based on the net relatedness index( NRI),yet the nearest taxon index( NTI)revealed the different features,which means that the plant communities are frangible and unstable. The loss of some species among them is likely to change ecosystem irreversibly and the species competition plays the important role in forming biocoenosis. Thus,the protection and application of the indigenous species should get more attention during the process of the vegetation restoration projects in the Jinshajiang dry-hot valley. Meanwhile,it's not acceptable to introduce new species from other places.
Five typical sections in the Jinshajiang dry-hot valley in Yunnan Province,China were selected as the research object to analyze the data from 151 plots with the size of 100 m~2( 10 m × 10 m). The results showed that the majority of individual plant communities were phylogenetically over-dispersed based on the net relatedness index( NRI),yet the nearest taxon index( NTI)revealed the different features,which means that the plant communities are frangible and unstable. The loss of some species among them is likely to change ecosystem irreversibly and the species competition plays the important role in forming biocoenosis. Thus,the protection and application of the indigenous species should get more attention during the process of the vegetation restoration projects in the Jinshajiang dry-hot valley. Meanwhile,it's not acceptable to introduce new species from other places.
引文
[1]金振洲.滇川干热河谷与干暖河谷植物区系特征[M].昆明:云南大学科技出版社,2002.
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[3]杨济达,张志明,沈泽昊,等.云南干热河谷植被与环境研究进展[J].生物多样性,2016,24(4):462-474.
[4]杨万勤,王开运,宋光煜,等.金沙江干热河谷典型区生态安全问题探析[J].中国生态农业学报,2002(3):116-118.
[5]张金盈,徐云,苏春江,等.金沙江干热河谷植被恢复研究进展[J].水土保持研究,2005(6):105-108.
[6]方海东,段昌群,潘志贤,等.金沙江干热河谷生态恢复研究进展及展望[J].三峡环境与生态,2009,2(1):5-9.
[7]柴宗新,范建容.金沙江干热河谷植被恢复的思考[J].山地学报,2001(4):381-384.
[8]郎南军.云南干热河谷退化生态系统植被恢复影响因子研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2005.
[9]李昆,张春华,崔永忠,等.金沙江干热河谷区退耕还林适宜造林树种筛选研究[J].林业科学研究,2004(5):555-563.
[10]段爱国,张建国,张俊佩,等.干热河谷主要植被恢复树种水分利用效率动态分析[J].北京林业大学学报,2010,32(6):13-19.
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[13]牛红玉,王峥峰,练琚愉,等.群落构建研究的新进展:进化和生态相结合的群落谱系结构研究[J].生物多样性,2011,19(3):275-283.
[14]张荣祖.横断山区干旱河谷[M].北京:科学出版社,1992.
[15]吴征镒.中国植物志[M].英文版.北京:科学出版社,2014.
[16]WEBB C O,ACKERLY D D,KEMBEL S W.Phylocom:oftware for the analysis of phylogenetic community structure and trait evolution[J].Bioinformatics,2008,24:2098-2100.
[17]WIKSTRM N,SAVOLAINEN V,CHASE M W.Evolution of the angiosperms:calibrating the family tree[J].Proceedings of the Royal Society B:Biological Sciences,2001,268:2211-2220.
[18]黄建雄,郑凤英,米湘成.不同尺度上环境因子对常绿阔叶林群落的谱系结构的影响[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(3):309-315.
[19]GOTELLI N,ENTSMINGER G.Swap algorithms in null model analysis[J].Ecology,2003,84:532-535.
[20]QUINN G,KEOUGH M.Experimental design and data analysis for biologists[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2002.
[21]R Development Core Team.R:A language and environment for statistical computing[EB/OL].[2018-03-08].http://www.R-project.org.
[22]KEMBEL S W,HUBBEL S P.The phylogenetic structure of a neotropical forest tree community[J].Ecology,2006,87:86-99.
[23]SWENSON N G,ENQUIST B J,PITHER J,et al.The problem and promise of scale dependency in community phylogenetics[J].Ecology,2006,87:2418-2424.
[24]POTTER K M.From genes to ecosystems:measuring evolutionary diversity and community structure with Forest Inventory and Analysis(FIA)data[EB/OL].[2018-03-10].http://www.fia.fs.fed.us/symposium/proceedings.
[25]许再富,陶国达,禹平华,等.元江干热河谷山地五百年来植被变迁探讨[J].云南植物研究,1985(4):403-412.
[26]金振洲,欧晓昆.干热河谷植被[M].昆明:云南大学出版社,2000.
[27]沈有信,刘文耀,张彦东.东川干热退化山地不同植被恢复方式对物种组成与土壤种子库的影响[J].生态学报,2003(7):1454-1460.
[2]何永彬,卢培泽,朱彤.横断山:云南高原干热河谷形成原因研究[J].资源科学,2000,22(5):69-72.
[3]杨济达,张志明,沈泽昊,等.云南干热河谷植被与环境研究进展[J].生物多样性,2016,24(4):462-474.
[4]杨万勤,王开运,宋光煜,等.金沙江干热河谷典型区生态安全问题探析[J].中国生态农业学报,2002(3):116-118.
[5]张金盈,徐云,苏春江,等.金沙江干热河谷植被恢复研究进展[J].水土保持研究,2005(6):105-108.
[6]方海东,段昌群,潘志贤,等.金沙江干热河谷生态恢复研究进展及展望[J].三峡环境与生态,2009,2(1):5-9.
[7]柴宗新,范建容.金沙江干热河谷植被恢复的思考[J].山地学报,2001(4):381-384.
[8]郎南军.云南干热河谷退化生态系统植被恢复影响因子研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2005.
[9]李昆,张春华,崔永忠,等.金沙江干热河谷区退耕还林适宜造林树种筛选研究[J].林业科学研究,2004(5):555-563.
[10]段爱国,张建国,张俊佩,等.干热河谷主要植被恢复树种水分利用效率动态分析[J].北京林业大学学报,2010,32(6):13-19.
[11]MOSELEY R K,TANG Y.Vegetation dynamics in the dry valley of Yunnan China during the last 150 years:implications for ecological restoration[J].Journal of Plant Ecology,2006,30:713-722.
[12]WEBB C O,ACKERLY D D,MCPEEK M A,et al.Phylogenies and community ecology[J].Annual Review of Ecology,Evolution,and Systematics,2002,33:475-505.
[13]牛红玉,王峥峰,练琚愉,等.群落构建研究的新进展:进化和生态相结合的群落谱系结构研究[J].生物多样性,2011,19(3):275-283.
[14]张荣祖.横断山区干旱河谷[M].北京:科学出版社,1992.
[15]吴征镒.中国植物志[M].英文版.北京:科学出版社,2014.
[16]WEBB C O,ACKERLY D D,KEMBEL S W.Phylocom:oftware for the analysis of phylogenetic community structure and trait evolution[J].Bioinformatics,2008,24:2098-2100.
[17]WIKSTRM N,SAVOLAINEN V,CHASE M W.Evolution of the angiosperms:calibrating the family tree[J].Proceedings of the Royal Society B:Biological Sciences,2001,268:2211-2220.
[18]黄建雄,郑凤英,米湘成.不同尺度上环境因子对常绿阔叶林群落的谱系结构的影响[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(3):309-315.
[19]GOTELLI N,ENTSMINGER G.Swap algorithms in null model analysis[J].Ecology,2003,84:532-535.
[20]QUINN G,KEOUGH M.Experimental design and data analysis for biologists[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2002.
[21]R Development Core Team.R:A language and environment for statistical computing[EB/OL].[2018-03-08].http://www.R-project.org.
[22]KEMBEL S W,HUBBEL S P.The phylogenetic structure of a neotropical forest tree community[J].Ecology,2006,87:86-99.
[23]SWENSON N G,ENQUIST B J,PITHER J,et al.The problem and promise of scale dependency in community phylogenetics[J].Ecology,2006,87:2418-2424.
[24]POTTER K M.From genes to ecosystems:measuring evolutionary diversity and community structure with Forest Inventory and Analysis(FIA)data[EB/OL].[2018-03-10].http://www.fia.fs.fed.us/symposium/proceedings.
[25]许再富,陶国达,禹平华,等.元江干热河谷山地五百年来植被变迁探讨[J].云南植物研究,1985(4):403-412.
[26]金振洲,欧晓昆.干热河谷植被[M].昆明:云南大学出版社,2000.
[27]沈有信,刘文耀,张彦东.东川干热退化山地不同植被恢复方式对物种组成与土壤种子库的影响[J].生态学报,2003(7):1454-1460.