含孔洞加锚岩石力学特性及裂纹扩展规律
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摘要
为研究含孔洞加锚岩石的力学特性和裂纹扩展规律,采用相似材料制作包含7种支护情况、0°和90°两种层理的含孔洞加锚试件,在MTS815岩石力学试验系统上进行单轴压缩试验,试验后对破裂试件进行CT扫描,分析试件不同部位裂纹分布规律。结果表明,支护结构显著提高了含孔试件的强度值,但不同支护结构的提升效果不同,以锚杆的作用最为显著,混凝土和钢拱架层效果则不太明显。层理不同,支护结构对试件的强度提升效果也不同,支护结构对90°层理试件的围岩强度提升效果要好于0°层理试件。结合试验结果和理论解析解公式发现,锚杆对岩体的锚固作用主要是通过改变锚固区域围岩应力状态和改善围岩力学参数来实现的,而混凝土和钢拱架则可以为孔洞提供支撑压力,有效防止孔洞的剥落、片帮等破坏,有利于维持孔洞的完整性。另外,对破坏后的试件CT扫描断面进行分析,发现锚杆对岩体的锚固作用使岩体一定范围内形成锚固区,锚固区对试件中的裂纹发展具有弱化、止裂和改变其传播路径等作用。
Uniaxial compression test was performed and CT scan images were obtained for the fractured specimens to study the mechanical property and fracture propagation of anchored rock with a hole under uniaxial compression. The results show that the supporting structure enhances greatly the strength of the specimens. However,different supporting structures have different effects of strength improving and the specimens with different beddings have the different effects of strength improving. Furthermore,it was found that the concrete and steel arch bridge can provide the supporting pressure for holes and prevent the damages such as stripping and spalling of holes effectively,which is necessary for maintaining the integrity of holes. Besides,from the analysis to CT scan images of the fracture surfaces of the destroyed specimens,it was found that the anchor effect of the anchor rod in the rock mass enables the rock mass to form an anchoring zone in a certain area. Thus,the anchoring zone can weaken and prevent the fracture development and change the path of fracture propagation in specimens.
Uniaxial compression test was performed and CT scan images were obtained for the fractured specimens to study the mechanical property and fracture propagation of anchored rock with a hole under uniaxial compression. The results show that the supporting structure enhances greatly the strength of the specimens. However,different supporting structures have different effects of strength improving and the specimens with different beddings have the different effects of strength improving. Furthermore,it was found that the concrete and steel arch bridge can provide the supporting pressure for holes and prevent the damages such as stripping and spalling of holes effectively,which is necessary for maintaining the integrity of holes. Besides,from the analysis to CT scan images of the fracture surfaces of the destroyed specimens,it was found that the anchor effect of the anchor rod in the rock mass enables the rock mass to form an anchoring zone in a certain area. Thus,the anchoring zone can weaken and prevent the fracture development and change the path of fracture propagation in specimens.
引文
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