不同精料添加水平对槟榔江水牛杂交后代增重的影响
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摘要
[目的]为研究槟榔江水牛杂交后代的育肥效果。[方法]选择槟榔江水牛×摩拉、槟榔江水牛×尼里-拉菲杂交F1代水牛25头,按年龄和体重近似的原则分为4个育肥试验组,分别为公牛A组(5~6月龄,体重139.0±18.9kg)、公牛B组(8~9月龄,体重195.4±29.5kg)、公牛C组(8~9月龄,体重215.4±28.8kg),阉牛D组(5~6月龄,体重139.3±26.9kg),4个组粗饲料均为玉米青贮,精料添加量分别为A组(2kg/d)、B组(3kg/d)、C组(4kg/d),D组(3kg/d),在相同饲养管理条件下育肥100d,测定日粮采食量和增重性能。[结果]表明:(1)4组试验牛始重和末重差异显著(P<0.05),年龄和体重相近的A与D组、B与C组间的始重和末重差异不显著(P>0.05)。平均日增重分别为A组0.77±0.12kg/d、B组0.78±0.10kg/d、C组0.85±0.14kg/d、D组0.79±0.13kg/d,组间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。(2)组间的粗料和精料采食量均无显著性差异(P>0.05);精料重比差异显著,分别为A组2.64±0.45、B组3.92±0.51、C组4.85±0.95、D组3.91±0.79(P<0.05)。(3)添加精料对槟榔江水牛杂交后代的增重效果好,4组牛均取得良好的经济效益,经济效益最高的是精料投入最少的A组(年龄最小)为1 260.63元,而精料投入高的C组效益较差为952.62元。
[Objective]To clarify the fattening effect of the hybrids bulls of Binglangjiang buffalo.[Method]A total of 25 hybrid bulls of Binglangjiang buffalo x Murrah,and Binglangjiang buffalo x NiliRavi were divided into 4 test groups according to the principle of approximate age and weight.The age and weight of groups A to D were 5-6 months and 139.0±18.9 kg,8-9 months and 195.4±29.5 kg,8-9 months and 215.4±28.8 kg,5-6 months and 139.3±26.9 kg,respectively,of which the animals from group D were castrated.The adequate silage corn supplying for 4 groups and the levels of concentrate added from A to D is 2 kg/d,3 kg/d,4 kg/d and 3 kg/d under the same raising and management for a period100 days,and then measure the feed intake and daily gain.[Results]The results showed that:(1)The corresponding beginning and ending weights differed significantly(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between beginning and ending weight between groups A and D and groups B and C with similar age and weight.The average daily gains(ADGs)of groups A to D were similar,following in turn:0.77±0.12 kg/d,0.78±0.10 kg/d,0.85±0.14 kg/d and 0.79±0.13 kg/d,respectively(P>0.05).(2)The intakes of roughage and concentrate didn't differ from 4 groups(P>0.05).The feed gain ratios(F/Gs)of groups A to D were 2.64±0.45,3.92±0.51,4.85±0.95 and 3.91±0.79,respectively,which differed from each group(P<0.05).(3)Better weight gain and economic benefits could be gotten through concentrate supplementary to Binglangjiang buffalo hybrids.Among 4 groups,group A(the youngest)supplied with least concentrate got the best benefits:RMB 1260.63 yuan,on the contrary,group C supplied with maximal concentrate got the worst benefits:RMB 952.62 yuan.
[Objective]To clarify the fattening effect of the hybrids bulls of Binglangjiang buffalo.[Method]A total of 25 hybrid bulls of Binglangjiang buffalo x Murrah,and Binglangjiang buffalo x NiliRavi were divided into 4 test groups according to the principle of approximate age and weight.The age and weight of groups A to D were 5-6 months and 139.0±18.9 kg,8-9 months and 195.4±29.5 kg,8-9 months and 215.4±28.8 kg,5-6 months and 139.3±26.9 kg,respectively,of which the animals from group D were castrated.The adequate silage corn supplying for 4 groups and the levels of concentrate added from A to D is 2 kg/d,3 kg/d,4 kg/d and 3 kg/d under the same raising and management for a period100 days,and then measure the feed intake and daily gain.[Results]The results showed that:(1)The corresponding beginning and ending weights differed significantly(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between beginning and ending weight between groups A and D and groups B and C with similar age and weight.The average daily gains(ADGs)of groups A to D were similar,following in turn:0.77±0.12 kg/d,0.78±0.10 kg/d,0.85±0.14 kg/d and 0.79±0.13 kg/d,respectively(P>0.05).(2)The intakes of roughage and concentrate didn't differ from 4 groups(P>0.05).The feed gain ratios(F/Gs)of groups A to D were 2.64±0.45,3.92±0.51,4.85±0.95 and 3.91±0.79,respectively,which differed from each group(P<0.05).(3)Better weight gain and economic benefits could be gotten through concentrate supplementary to Binglangjiang buffalo hybrids.Among 4 groups,group A(the youngest)supplied with least concentrate got the best benefits:RMB 1260.63 yuan,on the contrary,group C supplied with maximal concentrate got the worst benefits:RMB 952.62 yuan.
引文
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[11]孟岚岚.影响肉牛育肥效益的五方面因素[J].现代畜牧科技,2017,(4):50.
[12]郭同军,何宗霖,桑断疾,等.去势对肉牛生长发育及肉品质的影响[J].饲料研究,2015,(19):11-16.
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[16]Sehoonmaker JP,Loereh SC,Fluharty FL,et al.Effect of an accelerated finishing program on performance,carcass characteristics,and circulating insulin-like growth factor I concentration of early weaned bulls and steers[J].Journal of Animal Science,2002,80(4):900-910.
[17]甄万清,刘彦东,闵友贵,等.奶公牛去势对育肥效果的影响[J].黑龙江动物繁殖,1993,(10):10.
[18]毛元廷,张波,李香子,等.延边黄牛公牛和阉牛育肥效果比较[J].黑龙江动物繁殖,2011,(3):82-83.
[19]王宝地.去势与不去势对公犊牛生产性能的影响[J].今日畜牧兽医,2014,(1):55-56.
[20]吕强,张浩,居来提·阿不都外力,等.去势对青年新疆褐牛日增质量、体尺指标及血清生化指标的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2014,41(9):116-120.
[21]张兴隆,汪先友,何阳,等.去势对12-18月龄皖南牛血液睾酮含量生长性能和外貌特征的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,26(6):1674-1680.
[2]崔树和,李香子,高青山,等.不同精粗比膨化玉米秸秆饲料对延边黄牛生产性能和血液生化指标的影响[J].饲料研究,2016,(4):21-26.
[3]梁辛,邹彩霞,韦升菊,等.饲用甜高粱饲喂青年奶水牛增质量的试验[J].饲料研究,2011,(11):61-62.
[4]梁辛,杨承剑,邹彩霞,等.不同精料补饲水平对青年公水牛生长性能、屠宰性能及血清生化指标的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2013,45(4):31-33.
[5]徐娥,夏先林,保禹等.不同精料喂量对育肥肉牛增重的影响[J].山地农业生物学报,2010,29(4):317-319.
[6]王星凌,李兴光,朱承满,等.杂交肉牛适宜日增重和精料喂量的研究[J].内蒙古畜牧科学,1999,(4):5-8.
[7]王艳荣,张海棠,王瑞平.不同精料水平对肉牛饲料利用效率的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2005,(11):25-26.
[8]郝怀志,董俊,何振富,等.不同营养水平日粮对西门塔尔杂交牛育肥后期生产性能影响的研究[J].中国牛业科学,2015,41(5):25-29.
[9]汪利,刘爱国,吕忠华,等.不同精粗比日粮对肉牛生产性能影响的观察[J].中国畜禽种业,2014,(4):85-86.
[10]范超,吴勇,祝小平,等.不同能量水平的精料对杂交水牛犊牛生长性能的影响[J].中国牛业科学,2016,42(2):45-48.
[11]孟岚岚.影响肉牛育肥效益的五方面因素[J].现代畜牧科技,2017,(4):50.
[12]郭同军,何宗霖,桑断疾,等.去势对肉牛生长发育及肉品质的影响[J].饲料研究,2015,(19):11-16.
[13]Steen RWJ.The effect of plane of nutrition and slaughter weight on growth and food efficiency in bulls,steers and heifers of three breed crosses[J].Livestock Production Science,1995,42(1):1-11.
[14]Worrell M A,朱新书译.去势时的体质量对阉牛肥育性能的影响[J].草与畜杂志,1989,(3):38-40.
[15]Ribeiro EL de A,Hernandez JA,Zanella EL,et al.Growth and carcass characteristics of pasture fed LHRH immunocastrated,castrated and intact Bos indicus bulls[J].Meat Science,2004,68(2):285-290.
[16]Sehoonmaker JP,Loereh SC,Fluharty FL,et al.Effect of an accelerated finishing program on performance,carcass characteristics,and circulating insulin-like growth factor I concentration of early weaned bulls and steers[J].Journal of Animal Science,2002,80(4):900-910.
[17]甄万清,刘彦东,闵友贵,等.奶公牛去势对育肥效果的影响[J].黑龙江动物繁殖,1993,(10):10.
[18]毛元廷,张波,李香子,等.延边黄牛公牛和阉牛育肥效果比较[J].黑龙江动物繁殖,2011,(3):82-83.
[19]王宝地.去势与不去势对公犊牛生产性能的影响[J].今日畜牧兽医,2014,(1):55-56.
[20]吕强,张浩,居来提·阿不都外力,等.去势对青年新疆褐牛日增质量、体尺指标及血清生化指标的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2014,41(9):116-120.
[21]张兴隆,汪先友,何阳,等.去势对12-18月龄皖南牛血液睾酮含量生长性能和外貌特征的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,26(6):1674-1680.