超声波-双氧水联合氧化处理连续碳纤维表面的研究
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摘要
使用超声波联合双氧水的方法对连续碳纤维(CCF)进行不同时间的表面氧化处理,再以聚酰胺(PA)为基体,热压制备连续碳纤维增强聚酰胺树脂复合材料。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)和X-射线衍射仪(XRD)对联合氧化后的连续碳纤维表面进行分析表征,利用万能实验机对复合材料进行力学性能测试,结果表明:不同时间的超声波-双氧水联合氧化处理都能增加连续碳纤维表面的粗糙程度和活性官能团数量,其中联合氧化20 min后表面刻蚀效果比较显著,羟基、羰基等含氧官能团质量分数比未处理时提高79%和82%;连续碳纤维增强聚酰胺树脂复合材料的层间剪切强度比未经表面联合氧化处理提高36.8%。综合各项表征结果,20 min联合氧化后的碳纤维综合性能最优。
The surface of continuous carbon fibers( CCF) has been oxidized combining ultrasonication and treatment with hydrogen peroxide for different times. Continuous carbon fiber-reinforced polyamide composite materials were then prepared using polyamide( PA) as a matrix. Scanning electron microscopy( SEM),X-ray photoelectron spectrum( XPS) and X-ray diffraction( XRD) were employed to examine the surface of the continuous carbon fibers. Mechanical tests were also performed on an electronic machine. The results showed that combined ultrasonichydrogen peroxide oxidation treatment for different times could increase the surface roughness and number of reactive functional groups in the continuous carbon fibers. After combined oxidation for only 20 min,the surface etching effect was significant. The quantitative content of hydroxyl,carbonyl and other oxygen-containing functional groups increased by 79% and 82% compared with samples without treatment. The interlaminar shear strength of continuous carbon fiber-reinforced polyamide resin composites improved by 36. 8% compared with that without surface oxidation treatment. The results show that combined oxidation of carbon fibers for 20 min affords the best overall performance.
The surface of continuous carbon fibers( CCF) has been oxidized combining ultrasonication and treatment with hydrogen peroxide for different times. Continuous carbon fiber-reinforced polyamide composite materials were then prepared using polyamide( PA) as a matrix. Scanning electron microscopy( SEM),X-ray photoelectron spectrum( XPS) and X-ray diffraction( XRD) were employed to examine the surface of the continuous carbon fibers. Mechanical tests were also performed on an electronic machine. The results showed that combined ultrasonichydrogen peroxide oxidation treatment for different times could increase the surface roughness and number of reactive functional groups in the continuous carbon fibers. After combined oxidation for only 20 min,the surface etching effect was significant. The quantitative content of hydroxyl,carbonyl and other oxygen-containing functional groups increased by 79% and 82% compared with samples without treatment. The interlaminar shear strength of continuous carbon fiber-reinforced polyamide resin composites improved by 36. 8% compared with that without surface oxidation treatment. The results show that combined oxidation of carbon fibers for 20 min affords the best overall performance.
引文
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[2]杨乃宾.国外复合材料飞机结构应用现状分析[J].航空制造技术,2002(9):21-22.Yang N B.Present status analysis of application of composite airframe structures abroad[J].Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology,2002(9):21-22.(in Chinese)
[3]马立敏,张嘉振,岳广全,等.复合材料在新一代大型民用飞机中的应用[J].复合材料学报,2015,32(2):317-322.Ma L M,Zhang J Z,Yue G Q,et al.Application of composites in new generation of large civil aircraft[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2015,32(2):317-322.(in Chinese)
[4]Deng C,Jiang J J,Liu F,et al.Effects of electrophoretically deposited graphene oxide coatings on interfacial properties of carbon fiber composite[J].Journal of Materials Science,2015,50(17):5886-5892.
[5]李阳阳,乔月月,樊小华,等.微波诱导碳纤维表面氧化处理的研究[J].塑料工业,2016,44(8):71-75.Li Y Y,Qiao Y Y,Fan X H,et al.Study on microwaveinduced oxidation of carbon fibers surface[J].China Plastics Industry,2016,44(8):71-75.(in Chinese)
[6]贺福,王茂章.碳纤维及其复合材料[M].北京:科学出版社,1995:150-168.He F,Wang M Z.Carbon fiber and its composites[M].Beijing:Science Press,1995:150-168.(in Chinese)
[7]易增博,冯利邦,郝相忠,等.表面处理对碳纤维及其复合材料性能的影响[J].材料研究学报,2015,29(1):67-74.Yi Z B,Feng L B,Hao X Z,et al.Effect of surface treatment on properties of carbon fiber and reinforced composites[J].Chinese Journal of Materials Research,2015,29(1):67-74.(in Chinese)
[8]郝建伟.先进树脂基复合材料的技术现状及发展方向[J].航空制造技术,2001(3):22-25.Hao J W.Technology situation and development trends of advanced resin matrix composites[J].Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology,2001(3):22-25.(in Chinese)
[9]张晓虎,孟宇,张炜.碳纤维增强复合材料技术发展现状及趋势[J].纤维复合材料,2004(1):50-53/58.Zhang X H,Meng Y,Zhang W.The state of the art and trend of carbon fiber reinforced composites[J].Fiber Composites,2004(1):50-53/58.(in Chinese)
[10]张舒.基于上浆法的界面设计及其对CFRP界面性能影响研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014.Zhang S.Investigation on interphase design based on sizing process and its effect on interfacial properties of CFRP[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2014.(in Chinese)
[11]Metallic materials—Instrumented indentation test for hardness and materials parameters—Part 1:Test method:ISO 14577-1:2015[S/OL].https:∥www.iso.org/standard/56626.html.
[12]Metallic materials—Instrumented indentation test for hardness and materials parameters—Part 2:Verification and calibration of testing machines:ISO 14577-2:2015[S/OL].https:∥www.iso.org/standard/56628.html.
[13]Kafi A,Huson M,Creighton C,et al.Effect of surface functionality of PAN-based carbon fibres on the mechanical performance of carbon/epoxy composites[J].Composites Science and Technology,2014,94:89-95.
[14]杨洪斌,王靖,吴惠敏,等.硅溶胶改性处理对碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料拉伸性能的影响[J].材料研究学报,2013,27(1):108-112.Yang H B,Wang J,Wu H M,et al.Effect of silica sol modification on the tensile property of carbon fiber/epoxy composites[J].Chinese Journal of Materials Research,2013,27(1):108-112.(in Chinese)
[15]吴庆,陈惠芳,潘鼎.碳纤维的表面处理[J].化工新型材料,1999,28(3):11-14.Wu Q,Chen H F,Pan D.Surface treatment of carbon fiber[J].New Chemical Materials,1999,28(3):11-14.(in Chinese)
[16]刘杰,王平华.PAN基ACF的结构表征(Ⅱ)—氮元素与结合态变化的浅析[J].新型炭材料,1999,14(2):26-31.Liu J,Wang P H.Structural characterization of PANbased ACF(Ⅱ)—Change of content and binding state of nitrogen[J].New Carbon Materials,1999,14(2):26-31.(in Chinese)
[17]刘杰,王平华.PAN基ACF的结构表征—XPS与元素分析[J].新型炭材料,1999,14(1):48-54.Liu J,Wang P H.Structural characteristics of PAN based ACF—XPS and element analysis[J].New Carbon Materials,1999,14(1):48-54.(in Chinese)