中间相沥青组分分离及其碳纤维性能研究
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摘要
采用热沉降工艺将中间相沥青中的各向同性组分与各向异性组分相分离,从而提高中间相含量,可以得到100%光学各向异性组分,同时对不同组分进行分子量、XRD、流变性等表征分析,研究了中间相沥青的各向同性组分与各向异性组分的差异,并利用分离出的各向同性组分与各向异性组分沥青分别纺制沥青碳纤维,研究不同组分制备沥青碳纤维的性能差异。结果表明,以各向异性组分制备的沥青碳纤维拉伸强度可达1500～1800MPa,明显高于各向同性组分沥青碳纤维300～500MPa的拉伸强度。
The synthesis of mesophase pitch from coal pitch can effectively reduce production costs and promote large-scale use of mesophase pitches.However,mesophase pitch synthesized from coal pitch is usually a mixture of isotropic and anisotropic components,which decreases the performance of mesophase pitch based carbon products.Therefore,it is important to develop effective separation methods to enhance the content of anisotropic phase and hence improve the performance of the final product.The isotropic and anisotropic phases of synthesized mesophase pitch were separated through thermal precipitation process.Molecular weight analysis,XRD diffraction and rheology characterization of different fractions were studied.Meanwhile,different fractions of synthesized pitch were spun into carbon fiber,and the mechanical properties of carbon fiber were tested.The results showed that thermal precipitation can effectively separate the isotropic and anisotropic phases of synthesized pitch.The tensile strength of carbon fiber prepared from anisotropic phase pitch was 1500～1800 MPa which was significantly higher than tensile strength of 300～500 MPa of carbon fiber prepared from isotropic phase pitch.
The synthesis of mesophase pitch from coal pitch can effectively reduce production costs and promote large-scale use of mesophase pitches.However,mesophase pitch synthesized from coal pitch is usually a mixture of isotropic and anisotropic components,which decreases the performance of mesophase pitch based carbon products.Therefore,it is important to develop effective separation methods to enhance the content of anisotropic phase and hence improve the performance of the final product.The isotropic and anisotropic phases of synthesized mesophase pitch were separated through thermal precipitation process.Molecular weight analysis,XRD diffraction and rheology characterization of different fractions were studied.Meanwhile,different fractions of synthesized pitch were spun into carbon fiber,and the mechanical properties of carbon fiber were tested.The results showed that thermal precipitation can effectively separate the isotropic and anisotropic phases of synthesized pitch.The tensile strength of carbon fiber prepared from anisotropic phase pitch was 1500～1800 MPa which was significantly higher than tensile strength of 300～500 MPa of carbon fiber prepared from isotropic phase pitch.
引文
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[12]曲凤娇,刘东,郑凯元,等.中间相沥青的研究进展[J].材料导报,2014,28(1):100-105.
[13]DauchéF M,Bolaˇnos G,Blasig A,et al.Control of mesophase pitch properties by supercritical fluid extraction[J].Carbon,1998,36(7/8):953-961.
[2]李建韬,王德慧,杨占旭,等.煤沥青的应用研究进展[J].化工新型材料,2017,45(1):248-250.
[3]马兆昆,史景利,刘朗,等.中间相沥青纤维制备高导热炭材料的研究[J].无机材料学报,2006,21(5):1167-1172.
[4]周颖,安光,王六平,等.中间相沥青及其应用进展[J].化工进展,2011,30(11):2456-2460.
[5]李春霞,徐泽进,乔曼,等.催化裂化油浆超临界萃取组分热缩聚生成中间相沥青的定量研究[J].石油学报(石油加工),2015,31(1):145-152.
[6]庞守德,樊小华,陈雷,等.用热重分析仪研究沥青中间相的形成[J].化工新型材料,2015,43(9):213-215.
[7]Machnikowski J,Machnikowska H,Brzozowska T,et al.Mesophase development in coal-tar pitch modified with various polymers[J].Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2002,65(2):147-160.
[8]刘均庆,宫晓颐,郑冬芳,等.煤直接液化残渣制备中间相沥青炭纤维[J].功能材料,2015,46(S2):176-180.
[9]盛英,李克健,李文博,等.煤直接液化残留物制备中间相沥青[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(8):1125-1128.
[10]Blanco C,Santamar′a R,Bermejo J,et al.Separation and characterization of the isotropic phase and coexisting mesophase in thermally treated coal-tar pitches[J].Carbon,2000,38(8):1169-1176.
[11]Mora E,Santamar′a R,Blanco C,et al.Mesophase development in petroleum and coal tar pitches and their blends[J].Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2003,68(3):409-424.
[12]曲凤娇,刘东,郑凯元,等.中间相沥青的研究进展[J].材料导报,2014,28(1):100-105.
[13]DauchéF M,Bolaˇnos G,Blasig A,et al.Control of mesophase pitch properties by supercritical fluid extraction[J].Carbon,1998,36(7/8):953-961.