丽水市食源性腹泻病原体检测结果分析
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摘要
目的了解2014年-2016年丽水市食源性病原体的流行病学特征,为制定防治策略提供依据。方法收集2014年-2016年丽水市883例腹泻患者粪便标本,均进行诺如病毒、轮状病毒和致病菌的检测,分析检测结果。结果 883例腹泻患者标本,353例病原体阳性,总阳性率为39.98%。其中诺如病毒阳性率为21.52%,以Ⅱ型病毒感染为主,轮状病毒阳性率为16.99%,致病菌阳性率为5.32%。34例患者发生不同类型病原体的双重感染,无三重感染检出。0岁~3岁病原体阳性率最高,随年龄增长呈下降趋势。不同年份致病菌阳性率无显著差异,但诺如病毒和轮状病毒易暴发流行。病毒感染主要发生于秋冬季,致病菌感染主要发生于夏秋季。致病菌以沙门菌感染为主,易发生耐药。结论秋冬季节易发生病毒感染,夏秋季节易发生致病菌感染,可根据不同季节病原体的流行特点做好预防工作。
Objective To understand the epidemiologic features of food-borne pathogens in Lishui during 2014-2016,so as to provide scientific strategic basis for establishing treatment and prevention measures. Methods A total of 883 excrement samples from diarrhea patients in Lishui were collected during 2014-2016 for the detection of norovirus,rotavirus and food-borne pathogenic bacteria. Then the results were analyzed. Results In the 883 samples from diarrhea patients,pathogenic detection was positive in 353 samples,with the total infection rate of 39. 98%. The positive rate of norovirus was 21. 52%,with type Ⅱ virus infection as the major cause. The positive rate of rotavirus was 16. 99% and the positive rate of pathogenic bacteria was5. 32%. Thirty-four patients had dual infections with different types of pathogens and no triple infection was detected. The positive rate of pathogens in patients at 0-3 years old was the highest,and decreased with age. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of pathogenic bacteria in different years,but norovirus and rotavirus were prevalent. Viral infection mainly occurs in autumn and winter,and pathogenic bacteria infection mainly occurs in summer and autumn. The pathogenic bacteria are mainly Salmonella infection and susceptible to drug resistance. Conclusion Viruses are prone to occur in autumn and winter,and pathogenic bacteria are prone to occur in summer and autumn. Preventive work can be done according to the epidemic characteristics of pathogens in different seasons.
Objective To understand the epidemiologic features of food-borne pathogens in Lishui during 2014-2016,so as to provide scientific strategic basis for establishing treatment and prevention measures. Methods A total of 883 excrement samples from diarrhea patients in Lishui were collected during 2014-2016 for the detection of norovirus,rotavirus and food-borne pathogenic bacteria. Then the results were analyzed. Results In the 883 samples from diarrhea patients,pathogenic detection was positive in 353 samples,with the total infection rate of 39. 98%. The positive rate of norovirus was 21. 52%,with type Ⅱ virus infection as the major cause. The positive rate of rotavirus was 16. 99% and the positive rate of pathogenic bacteria was5. 32%. Thirty-four patients had dual infections with different types of pathogens and no triple infection was detected. The positive rate of pathogens in patients at 0-3 years old was the highest,and decreased with age. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of pathogenic bacteria in different years,but norovirus and rotavirus were prevalent. Viral infection mainly occurs in autumn and winter,and pathogenic bacteria infection mainly occurs in summer and autumn. The pathogenic bacteria are mainly Salmonella infection and susceptible to drug resistance. Conclusion Viruses are prone to occur in autumn and winter,and pathogenic bacteria are prone to occur in summer and autumn. Preventive work can be done according to the epidemic characteristics of pathogens in different seasons.
引文
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[14]王瑶,李晓辉,刘艳,等.2012-2013年成都市食源性疾病综合监测[J].预防医学情报杂志,2015,31(7):544-547.
[15]翟前前,赵勇,尹菲,等.2013-2015年吉林省食源性疾病流行病学特征分析[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2016,28(5):589-593.
[16]郑晓南,李瑞,侯君,等.大连市2012-2013年食源性致病菌监测结果分析[J].实用预防医学,2015,22(3):340-342.
[17]刘弘,陆屹,高围溦,等.2008年上海市食源性疾病监测[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2011,23(2):126-131.
[18]纪懿芳,胡文忠,姜爱丽,等.海产品中副溶血弧菌检测方法研究进展[J].食品工业科技,2015,36(5):365-369.
[19]沈隽卿,张月娟,袁国平,等.2010-2014年上海市宝山区沙门菌监测分析及能力评估[J].疾病监测,2016,31(7):546-553.
[2]Teunis PF,Moe CL,Liu P,et al.Norwalk virus:how infectious is it?[J].J Med Virol,2008,80(8):1468-1476.
[3]樊欣钰,陆敏.食源性肠道疾病的主动监测进展[J].现代医学,2017,45(3):455-458.
[4]董洪燕,马智龙,杨茂丹,等.2013年-2015年泰州市腹泻病毒流行病学特征分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2017,27(5):728-730.
[5]蔡彦秋,马智龙,董洪燕.2015年泰州市食源性疾病病原微生物监测结果分析[J].现代预防医学,2016,43(17):3131-3133,3143.
[6]苗升浩,张娟,吴玲,等.2013-2014年徐州市食源性疾病哨点医院监测结果分析[J].实用预防医学,2017,24(3):352-354,385.
[7]Colas de la Noue A,Estienney M,Aho S,et al.Absolute Humidity Influences the Seasonal Persistence and Infectivity of Human Norovirus[J].Appl Environ Microbiol,2014,80(23):7196-7205.
[8]赛林涛.济南成人诺如病毒感染及儿童轮状与诺如病毒感染特征比较的研究[D].济南:山东大学,2014.
[9]沈家瑜,徐德顺,韩建康.诺如病毒检测技术研究应用进展[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2014,24(13):1974-1976.
[10]张丛.环境评价教程[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:141-149.
[11]罗灿.广州市白云区某社区轮状病毒、诺如病毒腹泻的监测[D].广州:南方医科大学,2011.
[12]Man YB,Wu SC,Wong MH.Shark fin,a symbol of wealth and good fortune may pose health risks:the case of mercury[J].Environ Geochem Health,2014,36(6):1015-1027.
[13]姜云,郭宝福,祝白春,等.南京市主要细菌性病原体食源性疾病负担研究[J].现代预防医学,2016,43(21):3880-3883,3895.
[14]王瑶,李晓辉,刘艳,等.2012-2013年成都市食源性疾病综合监测[J].预防医学情报杂志,2015,31(7):544-547.
[15]翟前前,赵勇,尹菲,等.2013-2015年吉林省食源性疾病流行病学特征分析[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2016,28(5):589-593.
[16]郑晓南,李瑞,侯君,等.大连市2012-2013年食源性致病菌监测结果分析[J].实用预防医学,2015,22(3):340-342.
[17]刘弘,陆屹,高围溦,等.2008年上海市食源性疾病监测[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2011,23(2):126-131.
[18]纪懿芳,胡文忠,姜爱丽,等.海产品中副溶血弧菌检测方法研究进展[J].食品工业科技,2015,36(5):365-369.
[19]沈隽卿,张月娟,袁国平,等.2010-2014年上海市宝山区沙门菌监测分析及能力评估[J].疾病监测,2016,31(7):546-553.