节理岩体矿岩块度三维模拟研究
|
摘要
为实现矿岩块度预测的三维可视化模拟,根据岩体内节理面倾向、倾角和节理间距等几何参数的分布规律,采用Boost Random库实现节理面Monte Carlo随机模拟,从而建立原始块度预测的节理素描文件,然后引入崩落块度修正系数计算崩落块度预测的节理素描文件。根据节理素描文件数据计算三维节理面网络,逐个取出节理面平面,对模拟范围的长方体模型进行切割,建立块度三维模型。利用块度三维模型分别计算块体的容积系数和共线性值,对块体进行形状分类。结合VTK库和HOOPS 3D实现上述算法,以普朗铜矿自然崩落法为例对首采区原始块度进行预测:块体体积的四分位点分别为0.164,0.403,0.853 m~3,块体等效尺寸在0.5~3.0 m区间时块体占较大的体积百分比;同时,根据块体等效尺寸分布曲线得到放矿口的尺寸应大于5 m×5 m。研究结果表明:该方法能够根据现场节理面调查结果模拟岩体内节理分布,进而利用矿岩块度三维模型实现矿岩块度的预测和统计分析,为自然崩落法开采研究提供了重要依据。
In order to achieve 3D visualization simulation of rock fragmentation prediction,the key techniques were proposed. According to the distribution regularity of rock mass joint geometrical parameters,including joint inclination,dip angle and joint spacing,Boost Random library was used to realize the Monte Carlo random simulation of joint surface,so as to establish joint sketch file for original fragmentation prediction,and then the correction coefficient of caved fragmentation was introduced to create the joint sketch file for caved fragmentation prediction.3D joint surface network was calculated according to the data of joint sketch file.Then the joint network was used for creating the 3D fragmentation model by cutting the cuboids model that covering the simulation region. Volume coefficient and colinearity of each block were calculated by 3D fragmentation model and used for block shape classification. The algorithms above were implemented with VTK library and HOOPS 3D.Fragmentation simulation for block caving method was performed at Pulang copper mine to study the fragmentation distribution law at initial mining district. The quartiles of the block volume are 0.164 m3,0.403 m~3 and 0.853 m~3,respectively,and when the fragmentation equivalent size is in the range of 0.5~3.0 m,the blocks occupy a larger volume percentage. Furthermore,the size of draw hole was proposed as 5 m × 5 m according to fragmentation equivalent size distribution curve.The result show that the method can simulate the distribution of joints in rock mass according to the survey results of on-site joints,and then prediction and statistical analysis the fragmentation are made by 3D fragmentation model.It provides an important basis for the study of block caving mining method.
In order to achieve 3D visualization simulation of rock fragmentation prediction,the key techniques were proposed. According to the distribution regularity of rock mass joint geometrical parameters,including joint inclination,dip angle and joint spacing,Boost Random library was used to realize the Monte Carlo random simulation of joint surface,so as to establish joint sketch file for original fragmentation prediction,and then the correction coefficient of caved fragmentation was introduced to create the joint sketch file for caved fragmentation prediction.3D joint surface network was calculated according to the data of joint sketch file.Then the joint network was used for creating the 3D fragmentation model by cutting the cuboids model that covering the simulation region. Volume coefficient and colinearity of each block were calculated by 3D fragmentation model and used for block shape classification. The algorithms above were implemented with VTK library and HOOPS 3D.Fragmentation simulation for block caving method was performed at Pulang copper mine to study the fragmentation distribution law at initial mining district. The quartiles of the block volume are 0.164 m3,0.403 m~3 and 0.853 m~3,respectively,and when the fragmentation equivalent size is in the range of 0.5~3.0 m,the blocks occupy a larger volume percentage. Furthermore,the size of draw hole was proposed as 5 m × 5 m according to fragmentation equivalent size distribution curve.The result show that the method can simulate the distribution of joints in rock mass according to the survey results of on-site joints,and then prediction and statistical analysis the fragmentation are made by 3D fragmentation model.It provides an important basis for the study of block caving mining method.
引文
[1]李响,贾明涛,王李管,等.基于蒙特卡罗随机模拟的矿岩崩落块度预测研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(4):1186-1190.Li Xiang,Jia Mingtao,Wang Liguan,et al.Study of orefragment size prediction in block caving based on Monte Carlo stochastic simulation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(4):1186-1190.
[2]冯兴隆,王李管,毕林,等.矿石崩落块度的三维建模技术及块度预测[J].岩土力学,2009,30(6):1826-1830.Feng Xinglong,Wang Liguan,Bi Lin,et al.Three-dimensional modeling technology and fragmentation prediction for ore-caved fragmentation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(6):1826-1830.
[3]杨啸,杨志强,高谦,等.基于节理网络模拟和分形理论预测矿岩体块度[J].太原理工大学学报,2015,46(3):318-322.Yang Xiao,Yang Zhiqiang,Gao Qian,et al.Block size prediction of rock masses based on joint network simulation and fractal theory[J].Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology,2015,46(3):318-322.
[4]郭亮,李晓昭,周扬一,等.数字化结构面三维随机网络模拟及其有效性检验[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(增1):2854-2861.Guo Liang,Li Xiaozhao,Zhou Yangyi,et al.Simulation of random 3D discontinuities network based on digitalization and its validation test[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(Supp.1):2854-2861.
[5]冯兴隆,王李管,毕林,等.矿石块度预测的三维模拟[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2008,178(4):35-39,44.Feng Xinglong,Wang Liguan,Bi Lin,et al.Three-dimensional model of ore-rock fragmentation prediction[J].Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences),2008,178(4):35-39,44.
[6]代碧波,荆永滨.岩体结构面几何参数分布规律研究[J].金属矿山,2016,45(4):58-61.Dai Bibo,Jing Yongbin.Research on distribution of geometric parameters of structural plane[J].Metal Mine,2016,45(4):58-61.
[7]周玉新,周志芳,孙其国.岩体结构面产状的综合模糊聚类分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(13):2283-2287.Zhou Yuxin,Zhou Zhifang,Sun Qiguo.Synthetical fuzzy clustering analysis for joints occurrence of rock mass[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(13):2283-2287.
[8]Xu C,Dowd P.A new computer code for discrete fracture network modelling[J].Computers&Geosciences,2010,36(3):292-301.
[9]李宁,王李管,贾明涛,等.改进遗传算法和支持向量机的岩体结构面聚类分析[J].岩土力学,2014,35(增2):405-411.Li Ning,Wang Liguan,Jia Mingtao,et al.Application of improved genetic algorithm and support vector machine to clustering analysis of rock mass structural plane[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(Supp.2):405-411.
[10]尹增谦,管景峰,张晓宏,等.蒙特卡罗方法及应用[J].物理与工程,2002,12(3):45-49.Yin Zengqian,Guan Jingfeng,Zhang Xiaohong,et al.The Monte Carlo method and its application[J].Physics and Engineering,2002,12(3):45-49.
[11]杨自强,魏公毅.综述:产生伪随机数的若干新方法[J].数值计算与计算机应用,2001,22(3):201-216.Yang Ziqiang,Wei Gongyi.A review on some new methods to generate random numbers[J].Journal on Numerical Methods and Computer Application,2001,22(3):201-216.
[12]王涛,朱焕春,李浩,等.论生成节理随机数的直接法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(4):489-492.Wang Tao,Zhu Huanchun,Li Hao,et al.On the computerized direct method generating joint random number[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(4):489-492.
[13]何传永,孙平,吴永平,等.三维岩体随机结构面切割方法[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2015,13(3):161-165.He Chuanyong,Sun Ping,Wu Yongping,et al.3-D random joints cutting of rock mass and blocks generation method[J].Journal of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,2015,13(3):161-165.
[14]贺毅岳,耿国华,周明全,等.基于VTK的三维模型切割研究[J].计算机应用研究,2010,27(11):4322-4323,4327.He Yiyue,Geng Guohua,Zhou Mingquan,et al.Research on cutting for 3D model based on VTK[J].Application Research of Computers,2010,27(11):4322-4323,4327.
[15]Kalenchuk K S,Diederichs M S,Mckinnon S.Characterizing block geometry in jointed rockmasses[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2006,43(8):1212-1225.
[16]Feng X L,Li D,Wang L G,et al.A new method of block shape classification[J].Science China Technological Sciences,2011,54(1):110-115.
[2]冯兴隆,王李管,毕林,等.矿石崩落块度的三维建模技术及块度预测[J].岩土力学,2009,30(6):1826-1830.Feng Xinglong,Wang Liguan,Bi Lin,et al.Three-dimensional modeling technology and fragmentation prediction for ore-caved fragmentation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(6):1826-1830.
[3]杨啸,杨志强,高谦,等.基于节理网络模拟和分形理论预测矿岩体块度[J].太原理工大学学报,2015,46(3):318-322.Yang Xiao,Yang Zhiqiang,Gao Qian,et al.Block size prediction of rock masses based on joint network simulation and fractal theory[J].Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology,2015,46(3):318-322.
[4]郭亮,李晓昭,周扬一,等.数字化结构面三维随机网络模拟及其有效性检验[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(增1):2854-2861.Guo Liang,Li Xiaozhao,Zhou Yangyi,et al.Simulation of random 3D discontinuities network based on digitalization and its validation test[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(Supp.1):2854-2861.
[5]冯兴隆,王李管,毕林,等.矿石块度预测的三维模拟[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2008,178(4):35-39,44.Feng Xinglong,Wang Liguan,Bi Lin,et al.Three-dimensional model of ore-rock fragmentation prediction[J].Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences),2008,178(4):35-39,44.
[6]代碧波,荆永滨.岩体结构面几何参数分布规律研究[J].金属矿山,2016,45(4):58-61.Dai Bibo,Jing Yongbin.Research on distribution of geometric parameters of structural plane[J].Metal Mine,2016,45(4):58-61.
[7]周玉新,周志芳,孙其国.岩体结构面产状的综合模糊聚类分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(13):2283-2287.Zhou Yuxin,Zhou Zhifang,Sun Qiguo.Synthetical fuzzy clustering analysis for joints occurrence of rock mass[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(13):2283-2287.
[8]Xu C,Dowd P.A new computer code for discrete fracture network modelling[J].Computers&Geosciences,2010,36(3):292-301.
[9]李宁,王李管,贾明涛,等.改进遗传算法和支持向量机的岩体结构面聚类分析[J].岩土力学,2014,35(增2):405-411.Li Ning,Wang Liguan,Jia Mingtao,et al.Application of improved genetic algorithm and support vector machine to clustering analysis of rock mass structural plane[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(Supp.2):405-411.
[10]尹增谦,管景峰,张晓宏,等.蒙特卡罗方法及应用[J].物理与工程,2002,12(3):45-49.Yin Zengqian,Guan Jingfeng,Zhang Xiaohong,et al.The Monte Carlo method and its application[J].Physics and Engineering,2002,12(3):45-49.
[11]杨自强,魏公毅.综述:产生伪随机数的若干新方法[J].数值计算与计算机应用,2001,22(3):201-216.Yang Ziqiang,Wei Gongyi.A review on some new methods to generate random numbers[J].Journal on Numerical Methods and Computer Application,2001,22(3):201-216.
[12]王涛,朱焕春,李浩,等.论生成节理随机数的直接法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(4):489-492.Wang Tao,Zhu Huanchun,Li Hao,et al.On the computerized direct method generating joint random number[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(4):489-492.
[13]何传永,孙平,吴永平,等.三维岩体随机结构面切割方法[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2015,13(3):161-165.He Chuanyong,Sun Ping,Wu Yongping,et al.3-D random joints cutting of rock mass and blocks generation method[J].Journal of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,2015,13(3):161-165.
[14]贺毅岳,耿国华,周明全,等.基于VTK的三维模型切割研究[J].计算机应用研究,2010,27(11):4322-4323,4327.He Yiyue,Geng Guohua,Zhou Mingquan,et al.Research on cutting for 3D model based on VTK[J].Application Research of Computers,2010,27(11):4322-4323,4327.
[15]Kalenchuk K S,Diederichs M S,Mckinnon S.Characterizing block geometry in jointed rockmasses[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2006,43(8):1212-1225.
[16]Feng X L,Li D,Wang L G,et al.A new method of block shape classification[J].Science China Technological Sciences,2011,54(1):110-115.