反应堆操纵员培训及考核的有关问题
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摘要
反应堆操纵员是核电厂安全稳定运行的基本保证,对操纵员的筛选、培训和考核尤为重要。但随着核电的发展,以及社会民众对电厂安全性要求的提高,目前我国的反应堆操纵员的培训与考核在某些方面已逐渐不能适应我国核电发展的需求。笔者分析了现阶段我国操纵员考核制度、培训手段、选拔方式等方面的不足,结合我国核电发展对操纵人员的要求,提出操纵人员考核及管理体系可优化性、加强复杂工况培训以及重视操纵员心理素质等方面的一些观点。
The reactor operator is one of the bases for the safe and stable operation of nuclear power plants. Therefore,the selection,training and assessment of operators are particularly important. However,with the development of nuclear power and the improvement of social people's safety requirements for power plants,the training and assessment of Reactor Operators in China have gradually been unable to meet the needs of China's nuclear power development in some aspects. This paper analyzes the deficiencies in the current stage of the operator assessment system,training means and selection methods. Through the understanding of the training and assessment system of reactor operator and the demand for the control personnel in China,the paper puts forw ard the optimization of the operator assessment and management system and the strengthening of the abnormal working conditions. Some view points on training and psychological quality of operators.
The reactor operator is one of the bases for the safe and stable operation of nuclear power plants. Therefore,the selection,training and assessment of operators are particularly important. However,with the development of nuclear power and the improvement of social people's safety requirements for power plants,the training and assessment of Reactor Operators in China have gradually been unable to meet the needs of China's nuclear power development in some aspects. This paper analyzes the deficiencies in the current stage of the operator assessment system,training means and selection methods. Through the understanding of the training and assessment system of reactor operator and the demand for the control personnel in China,the paper puts forw ard the optimization of the operator assessment and management system and the strengthening of the abnormal working conditions. Some view points on training and psychological quality of operators.
引文
[1]范育茂.核反应堆安全演化简史[M].北京:中国原子能出版社,2016.
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[5]刘志宾,马进,孟庆军,等.基于虚拟现实技术的核电站全范围仿真机研究[J].仪器仪表用户,2017,24(12):66-70.
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[7]徐平生.核电站操纵人员模拟机培训与取照考试[J].核动力工程,2007(4):108-111+121.
[8]杨孟琢.核电人因工程领域的发展[J].中国工程科学,2002(8):12-19.
[9]杨树春,段天元.反应堆运行中人因失误的研究[J].人类工效学,1999(4):33-37+71.
[10]张力,赵明.WANO人因事件统计及分析[J].核动力工程,2005(3):291-296.
[2]苏林森,张明.大亚湾核电站培训体系及主要特点[J].核科学与工程,2001(S1):45-48.
[3]杨龙,王欣.秦山三核积极探索有效的操纵员培养机制.[J].中国核工业,2007(2):18-19.
[4]陆玮,曾晓晖,安军靖.广东核电模拟机培训综述[J].核科学与工程,2000(4):316-321.
[5]刘志宾,马进,孟庆军,等.基于虚拟现实技术的核电站全范围仿真机研究[J].仪器仪表用户,2017,24(12):66-70.
[6]习陆玮,曾晓晖,安军靖.广东核电模拟机培训综述[J].核科学与工程,2000(4):316-321.
[7]徐平生.核电站操纵人员模拟机培训与取照考试[J].核动力工程,2007(4):108-111+121.
[8]杨孟琢.核电人因工程领域的发展[J].中国工程科学,2002(8):12-19.
[9]杨树春,段天元.反应堆运行中人因失误的研究[J].人类工效学,1999(4):33-37+71.
[10]张力,赵明.WANO人因事件统计及分析[J].核动力工程,2005(3):291-296.