混凝土腐蚀监测用参比电极制作及电化学性能研究
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摘要
参比电极对监测混凝土中钢筋的电位至关重要。使用凝胶作为电极内部电解质、水泥浆作为渗透层,制成Ag/AgCl凝胶参比电极。在混凝土模拟液中测试了电极电位的稳定性、电极的温度系数以及氯离子含量对电位的影响,通过动电位和恒电流极化测试了电极的抗极化性能,并在混凝土中进一步研究了电极电位的时变特性。结果表明,电极电位有良好的稳定性和可靠性,电极温度系数较小,氯离子含量对电极电位的影响可以忽略,电极抗极化性能优良。研制的电极可用于实时监测混凝土内部钢筋的腐蚀电位,为钢筋混凝土构件寿命预测提供参考。
The reference electrode was important for monitoring the potential of steel in concrete.The solid Ag/AgCl gel reference electrode was fabricated by applying the polymer gel as electrolyte,and the cement mortar as the bottom layer.The potential variation of electrodes,the temperature coefficient of electrodes and the influence of chloride concentration on the potential were examined in simulated concrete solutions.The performance of resisting polarization of electrodes was also detected by potentiodynamic and galvanostatic tests.Moreover,further research on the time-variant characteristic of potential by embedding the electrodes in concretew was studied.Results revealed that this reference electrode showed good stability and reliability.The electrode exhibited small temperature coefficient and the electrode potential was affected little by the chloride concentration.In addition,the electrode showed good performance of resisting polarization.The Ag/AgCl gel reference electrodes can be embedded in concrete to monitor the real-time corrosion potential of reinforcement steel,which can provide reference for life prediction.
The reference electrode was important for monitoring the potential of steel in concrete.The solid Ag/AgCl gel reference electrode was fabricated by applying the polymer gel as electrolyte,and the cement mortar as the bottom layer.The potential variation of electrodes,the temperature coefficient of electrodes and the influence of chloride concentration on the potential were examined in simulated concrete solutions.The performance of resisting polarization of electrodes was also detected by potentiodynamic and galvanostatic tests.Moreover,further research on the time-variant characteristic of potential by embedding the electrodes in concretew was studied.Results revealed that this reference electrode showed good stability and reliability.The electrode exhibited small temperature coefficient and the electrode potential was affected little by the chloride concentration.In addition,the electrode showed good performance of resisting polarization.The Ag/AgCl gel reference electrodes can be embedded in concrete to monitor the real-time corrosion potential of reinforcement steel,which can provide reference for life prediction.
引文
1蒋林华.混凝土材料学[M].南京:河海大学出版社,2006
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3 ASTM C876-1991(1999).876,Standard test method for half-cell potentials of uncoated reinforcing steel in concrete[S].
4 Fan Ling,Wei Jun,et al.Effect of alkaline electrolyte on performance of embedded MnO2referrnce electrode[J].J Wuhan University of Technology,2013(12):130(in Chinese)樊玲,卫军,等.碱性电解质溶液对埋入式MnO2参比电极性能试验[J].武汉理工大学学报,2013(12):130
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6 DuffóG S,Farina S B,Giordano C M.Characterization of solid embeddable reference electrodes for corrosion monitoring in reinforced concrete structures[J].Electrochim Acta,2009,54(3):1010
7 Castro P,Sagues A A,Moreno E I,et al.Characterization of activated titanium solid reference electrodes for corrosion testing of steel in concrete[J].Corrosion,1996,52(8):609
8 Jin M,Xu J,Jiang L,et al.Investigation on the performance characteristics of chloride selective electrode in concrete[J].Ionics,2015,21:2981
9 Myrdal R.2-Reference electrodes in general[M]//The Electrochemistry and Characteristics of Embeddable Reference Electrodes for Concrete.Woodhead Publishing,2007
10 Brossia C S,Kelly R G.A reference electrode for use in methanol solutions[J].Electrochim Acta,1996,41(16):2579
11 Jin M,Xu J,Jiang L,et al.Electrochemical caracterization of a slid ebeddable Ag/AgCl reference electrode for corrosion monitoring in reinforced concrete[J].Electrochemistry,2014,82(12):1040
12 Gandía-Romero J M,Bataller R,Monzón P,et al.Characterization of embeddable potentiometric thick-film sensors for monitoring chloride penetration in concrete[J].Sensors Actuators B:Chem,2015,222:407
13 Angst U M,Polder R.Spatial variability of chloride in concrete within homogeneously exposed areas[J].Cem Concr Res,2014,56:40
14 Torres-Luque M,Bastidas-Arteaga E,Schoefs F,et al.Non-destructive methods for measuring chloride ingress into concrete:State-of-the-art and future challenges[J].Constr Build Mater,2014,68:68
15 Angst U,Elsener B,Larsen C K,et al.Potentiometric determination of the chloride ion activity in cement based materials[J].J Appl Electrochem,2010,40(3):561
2 Fan Ling,Wei Jun,et al.Studies on the performance characteristics of manganese oxide reference electrode for concrete environments[J].Chinese J Sensors Actuators,2014(6):709(in Chinese)樊玲,卫军,等.一种可用于混凝土内部固态MnO2参比电极研究[J].传感技术学报,2014(6):709
3 ASTM C876-1991(1999).876,Standard test method for half-cell potentials of uncoated reinforcing steel in concrete[S].
4 Fan Ling,Wei Jun,et al.Effect of alkaline electrolyte on performance of embedded MnO2referrnce electrode[J].J Wuhan University of Technology,2013(12):130(in Chinese)樊玲,卫军,等.碱性电解质溶液对埋入式MnO2参比电极性能试验[J].武汉理工大学学报,2013(12):130
5 Karthick S P,Muralidharan S,Saraswathy V,et al.Long-term relative performance of embedded sensor and surface mounted electrode for corrosion monitoring of steel in concrete structures[J].Sensors Actuators B:Chem,2014,192:303
6 DuffóG S,Farina S B,Giordano C M.Characterization of solid embeddable reference electrodes for corrosion monitoring in reinforced concrete structures[J].Electrochim Acta,2009,54(3):1010
7 Castro P,Sagues A A,Moreno E I,et al.Characterization of activated titanium solid reference electrodes for corrosion testing of steel in concrete[J].Corrosion,1996,52(8):609
8 Jin M,Xu J,Jiang L,et al.Investigation on the performance characteristics of chloride selective electrode in concrete[J].Ionics,2015,21:2981
9 Myrdal R.2-Reference electrodes in general[M]//The Electrochemistry and Characteristics of Embeddable Reference Electrodes for Concrete.Woodhead Publishing,2007
10 Brossia C S,Kelly R G.A reference electrode for use in methanol solutions[J].Electrochim Acta,1996,41(16):2579
11 Jin M,Xu J,Jiang L,et al.Electrochemical caracterization of a slid ebeddable Ag/AgCl reference electrode for corrosion monitoring in reinforced concrete[J].Electrochemistry,2014,82(12):1040
12 Gandía-Romero J M,Bataller R,Monzón P,et al.Characterization of embeddable potentiometric thick-film sensors for monitoring chloride penetration in concrete[J].Sensors Actuators B:Chem,2015,222:407
13 Angst U M,Polder R.Spatial variability of chloride in concrete within homogeneously exposed areas[J].Cem Concr Res,2014,56:40
14 Torres-Luque M,Bastidas-Arteaga E,Schoefs F,et al.Non-destructive methods for measuring chloride ingress into concrete:State-of-the-art and future challenges[J].Constr Build Mater,2014,68:68
15 Angst U,Elsener B,Larsen C K,et al.Potentiometric determination of the chloride ion activity in cement based materials[J].J Appl Electrochem,2010,40(3):561