基于模糊数学理论的川南地区典型小流域生态清洁度综合评价
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摘要
[目的]评价川南地区典型生态清洁小流域清溪谷小流域的生态清洁程度,以期有效指导山区各级生态清洁小流域建设工程实施方案的制定,同时为类似区域生态清洁小流域建设及其效果评价提供科学理论与数据支持。[方法]依据科学性、代表性、可操作性、适用性等原则,结合清溪谷小流域的自然、社会和经济特征,采用模糊数学法和层次分析法构建川南地区清溪谷典型小流域生态清洁度的综合评价指标体系框架。[结果]清溪谷典型小流域生态清洁度的综合评价指标体系包含生态区、生产区、生活区3个子系统,初选沟道水文形态、农业用地比例、生活污水处理率等24项作为评价指标。流域水系整治及水土流失综合治理的生态指标所占权重为0.247,生态农业发展指标所占权重为0.373,人居环境整治所占权重为0.380。清溪谷典型小流域生态清洁度综合评价指数分值为0.772,达到"清洁"等级。清溪谷生态清洁小流域系统处于良性、协调、稳定的发展状态。[结论]通过生态清洁小流域建设,改善了当地农业生产条件,完善了产业结构调整,有效控制了面源污染,提供了洁净的水源、优美的生态和人居环境,促进了流域水土资源、生态环境和经济社会的可持续发展。
[Objective]The ecological cleanliness in the small watershed of the typical ecological clean basin in South Sichuan Province was evaluated,in order to effectively guide the formulation of the implementation plan for the construction of ecological clean and small watershed in mountainous areas,and to provide scientific theory and data support for the construction of ecological clean small watershed in similar areas and the evaluation of its effect.[Methods]Based on the principles of representativeness,operability and applicability,according to the natural,social and economic characteristics of the Qingxigu small watershed,a comprehensive evaluation index system for eco-cleanliness evaluation in Qingxigu watershed was established by fuzzy mathematics method and analytic hierarchy process.[Results]The comprehensive evaluation index system of ecological cleanliness in Qingxigu watershed included 3 subsystems:ecological region,production region and living region,and 24 evaluation indices were chosen.The weight of the ecological index of watershed regulation of water system and soil conservation measurements was 0.247,the weight of ecological agriculture development was 0.373,the weight of renovating environment of human settlements was 0.380,and the total value of the ecological clean watershed was 0.772,reaching the ‘clean’level.It indicated that the Qingxigu small watershed was in a healthy,coordinate and stable development.[Conclusion]The construction of eco-clean small watershed could improve the local agricultural condition,adjust production structure,control the non-point pollution,supply the pure and clean water resource and accelerate the sustainable development of the watershed.
[Objective]The ecological cleanliness in the small watershed of the typical ecological clean basin in South Sichuan Province was evaluated,in order to effectively guide the formulation of the implementation plan for the construction of ecological clean and small watershed in mountainous areas,and to provide scientific theory and data support for the construction of ecological clean small watershed in similar areas and the evaluation of its effect.[Methods]Based on the principles of representativeness,operability and applicability,according to the natural,social and economic characteristics of the Qingxigu small watershed,a comprehensive evaluation index system for eco-cleanliness evaluation in Qingxigu watershed was established by fuzzy mathematics method and analytic hierarchy process.[Results]The comprehensive evaluation index system of ecological cleanliness in Qingxigu watershed included 3 subsystems:ecological region,production region and living region,and 24 evaluation indices were chosen.The weight of the ecological index of watershed regulation of water system and soil conservation measurements was 0.247,the weight of ecological agriculture development was 0.373,the weight of renovating environment of human settlements was 0.380,and the total value of the ecological clean watershed was 0.772,reaching the ‘clean’level.It indicated that the Qingxigu small watershed was in a healthy,coordinate and stable development.[Conclusion]The construction of eco-clean small watershed could improve the local agricultural condition,adjust production structure,control the non-point pollution,supply the pure and clean water resource and accelerate the sustainable development of the watershed.
引文
[1]祁生林.生态清洁小流域建设理论及实践[D].北京:北京林业大学,2006:3-16.
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[12]王冬梅,李永贵,蒋文琼,等.北京山区小流域经济发展的影响因素分析:以石匣小流域为例[J].北京林业大学学报,2002,24(1):53-58.
[13]Jiang Lijun,Miao Honghong,Ouyang Zhiyun.An investigation of factors that influence the effects of management of protected areas[J].Actaecologicasinica,2006,26(11):3776-3781.
[14]Li Ainong,Wang Angsheng,Liang Shunling.Ecoenvironmental vulnerability evaluation in mountainous region using remote sensing and GIS:A case study in the upper reaches of mingjiang River,China[J].Ecological Modeling,2006,192(1):175-187.
[15]Shim J P.Bibliographical research on the analytic hierarchy process[J].Socio-Economic Planning Sciences,1989,23(3):161-167.
[16]Song Guoba,Chen Yu,Tian Meirong.The ecological vulnerability evaluation in southwestern mountain region of China based on GIS and AHP method[J].Procardia Environmental Sciences,2010(2):465-475.
[17]左伟,王桥,王文杰,等.区域生态安全评价指标与标准研究[J].地理学与国土研究,2002,18(1):67-71.
[18]史晓霞,李京,刘家福.马来西亚雪兰莪州生态环境脆弱度评价-基于逐次投影寻踪模型的研究[J].灾害学报,2008,17(6):129-133.
[19]林积泉,王伯铎,马俊杰,等.小流域治理环境质量综合评价指标体系研究[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(1):69-71.
[20]李智广,李锐,杨勤科,等.小流域治理综合效益评价指标体系研究[J].水土保持通报,1998,18(7):71-75.
[21]王春玲,李世明,王久丽.小流域综合治理效益评价管理信息系统的研究与应用[J].北京林业大学学报,2001,23(2):53-56.
[22]邵强,李友俊,田庆旺.综合评价指标体系构建方法[J].大庆石油学院学报,2004,28(3):74-76.
[23]Boon P J,Holmes N T,Raven P J.Developing standard approaches for recording and assessing river hydromorphology:The role of the European Committee for Standardization(CEN)[J].Aquatic Conservation:Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems,2010,20(S1):55-61.
[24]倪晋仁,李英奎.基于土地利用结构变化的水土流失动态评估[J].地理学报,2001,56(5):611-621.
[25]王继军,郑科,郑世清,等.中尺度生态农业建设效益评价指标体系研究[J].水土保持研究,2000,7(3):219-247.
[26]李浩宇,周利军,李凯.流域生态健康指标评价标准研究[J].产业与科技论坛,2015,14(15):125-127.
[27]常国梁.北京市生态清洁小流域治理措施布局研究[J].北京水务,2012(4):64-67.
[2]Chen L D,Tian H Y,Fu B J,et al.Development of a new index for integrating landscape patterns with ecological processes at watershed scale[J].Chinese Geographical Science,2009,19(1):37-45.
[3]胡元林.高原湖泊流域可持续发展理论及评价模型研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2010.
[4]朱显谟.抢救“土壤水库”实为黄土高原生态环境综合治理与可持续发展的关键:四论黄土高原国土整治28字方略[J].水土保持学报,2000,14(1):1-6.
[5]王振华,李青云,黄茁,等.生态清洁小流域建设研究现状及展望[J].人民长江,2011,42(2):115-118.
[6]谢磊,武晓峰,段淑怀.北京市山区小流域生态清洁程度评价指标体系研究[J].中国水土保持,2012(10):1-2,35.
[7]蒲朝勇,高媛.生态清洁小流域建设现状与展望[J].中国水土保持,2015(6):7-10.
[8]段巧甫.小流域综合治理开发是加快生态环境建设的有效途径[J].中国水土保持,2000(6):13-15.
[9]杨进怀,吴敬东,祁生林,等.北京市生态清洁小流域建设技术措施研究[J].中国水土保持科学,2007,5(4):18-21.
[10]马丰丰,田育新,罗佳,等.生态清洁小流域评价指标体系的构建[J].湖南林业科技,2010,37(3):82-84.
[11]戴全厚,刘国彬,刘明义,等.小流域生态经济系统可持续发展评价[J].地理学报,2005,60(2):209-218.
[12]王冬梅,李永贵,蒋文琼,等.北京山区小流域经济发展的影响因素分析:以石匣小流域为例[J].北京林业大学学报,2002,24(1):53-58.
[13]Jiang Lijun,Miao Honghong,Ouyang Zhiyun.An investigation of factors that influence the effects of management of protected areas[J].Actaecologicasinica,2006,26(11):3776-3781.
[14]Li Ainong,Wang Angsheng,Liang Shunling.Ecoenvironmental vulnerability evaluation in mountainous region using remote sensing and GIS:A case study in the upper reaches of mingjiang River,China[J].Ecological Modeling,2006,192(1):175-187.
[15]Shim J P.Bibliographical research on the analytic hierarchy process[J].Socio-Economic Planning Sciences,1989,23(3):161-167.
[16]Song Guoba,Chen Yu,Tian Meirong.The ecological vulnerability evaluation in southwestern mountain region of China based on GIS and AHP method[J].Procardia Environmental Sciences,2010(2):465-475.
[17]左伟,王桥,王文杰,等.区域生态安全评价指标与标准研究[J].地理学与国土研究,2002,18(1):67-71.
[18]史晓霞,李京,刘家福.马来西亚雪兰莪州生态环境脆弱度评价-基于逐次投影寻踪模型的研究[J].灾害学报,2008,17(6):129-133.
[19]林积泉,王伯铎,马俊杰,等.小流域治理环境质量综合评价指标体系研究[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(1):69-71.
[20]李智广,李锐,杨勤科,等.小流域治理综合效益评价指标体系研究[J].水土保持通报,1998,18(7):71-75.
[21]王春玲,李世明,王久丽.小流域综合治理效益评价管理信息系统的研究与应用[J].北京林业大学学报,2001,23(2):53-56.
[22]邵强,李友俊,田庆旺.综合评价指标体系构建方法[J].大庆石油学院学报,2004,28(3):74-76.
[23]Boon P J,Holmes N T,Raven P J.Developing standard approaches for recording and assessing river hydromorphology:The role of the European Committee for Standardization(CEN)[J].Aquatic Conservation:Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems,2010,20(S1):55-61.
[24]倪晋仁,李英奎.基于土地利用结构变化的水土流失动态评估[J].地理学报,2001,56(5):611-621.
[25]王继军,郑科,郑世清,等.中尺度生态农业建设效益评价指标体系研究[J].水土保持研究,2000,7(3):219-247.
[26]李浩宇,周利军,李凯.流域生态健康指标评价标准研究[J].产业与科技论坛,2015,14(15):125-127.
[27]常国梁.北京市生态清洁小流域治理措施布局研究[J].北京水务,2012(4):64-67.