高职生心理健康水平变迁的横断历史研究:1999—2016年
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摘要
为探究我国高职生心理健康水平随年代的变迁,运用横断历史研究的方法,对1999至2016年间92篇采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)的研究报告进行了分析。结果发现:SCL-90中6个因子的均值与年代之间呈显著负相关,18年来9个因子均值下降了0.04～0.60个标准差,这说明我国高职生心理健康的整体水平在逐步提升;当年和5年前的教育经费与SCL-90的6个因子均值呈显著负相关,这表明教育经费可能是预测高职生心理健康水平的重要因素;与女生相比,男生心理健康水平的上升趋势更为明显;来自农村的高职生心理健康水平显著提升,而来自城市的高职生心理健康水平则无显著变化。
To investigate the changes of Chinese vocational college students' mental health status,the present study collected and analyzed 92 papers using the Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90). The reporting data were collected from 1999 to 2016 by using the cross-temporal meta-analysis. Our results showed that:(1)Scores of 6 types of mental problems in SCL-90 were negatively correlated with year. The nine factorial mean scores decreased 0.04-0.60 standard deviations,which suggested that the mental health status level of vocational college students increased steadily in the past 18 years.(2)Correlations between funds for education and scores of 6 types of mental problems in SCL-90 were significantl ynegative,which suggested that changes on funds for education might be responsible for the decrease in Chinese vocational college students' mental health status.(3)The level of mental health of vocational college students increased significantlyover time among both male and female students. Despite that,the increasing trend of male students was more salient,and there were no significant gender differences in their scores of all 9 types of mental problems.(4)The mental health status of vocational college students from rural areas improved significantly over time,whereas that of vocational college students from urban areas showed no changes significantly over these years.
To investigate the changes of Chinese vocational college students' mental health status,the present study collected and analyzed 92 papers using the Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90). The reporting data were collected from 1999 to 2016 by using the cross-temporal meta-analysis. Our results showed that:(1)Scores of 6 types of mental problems in SCL-90 were negatively correlated with year. The nine factorial mean scores decreased 0.04-0.60 standard deviations,which suggested that the mental health status level of vocational college students increased steadily in the past 18 years.(2)Correlations between funds for education and scores of 6 types of mental problems in SCL-90 were significantl ynegative,which suggested that changes on funds for education might be responsible for the decrease in Chinese vocational college students' mental health status.(3)The level of mental health of vocational college students increased significantlyover time among both male and female students. Despite that,the increasing trend of male students was more salient,and there were no significant gender differences in their scores of all 9 types of mental problems.(4)The mental health status of vocational college students from rural areas improved significantly over time,whereas that of vocational college students from urban areas showed no changes significantly over these years.
引文
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[23]王浩,俞国良.高职院校心理健康教育的现状与对策研究[J].中国职业技术教育,2016,(2).
[24]刘燕.高职学生职业决策自我效能、社会支持与心理健康关系的实证研究[J].黑龙江高教研究,2011,(12).
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[31]Easterlin,R.A.(1995).Will raising the incomes of all increase the happiness of all?[J].Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization,1995,(1);李路路,石磊.经济增长与幸福感-解析伊斯特林悖论的形成机制[J].社会学研究,2017,(3).
[2]俞国良,等.心理健康教育:高职院校学生的自卑与超越[J].中国职业技术教育,2017,(7).
[3]边文颖.关于高职生心理健康状况的调查研究[J].教育理论与实践,2011,(1);周燕琴,王思.高职院校大学生心理健康状况调查[J].教育与职业,2011,(17).
[4][21]张宇迪.高等职业院校学生SCL-90评分的meta分析[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2011,(9).
[5][12][17][22][27]辛自强,等.大学生心理健康变迁的横断历史研究[J].心理学报,2012,(5).
[6]Twenge,J.M.The age of anxiety?Birth cohort change in anxiety and neuroticism,1952-1993[J].Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,2000,(6);Twenge,J.M.,&Campbell,W.K.Age and birth cohort differences in self-esteem:A cross-temporal metaanalysis[J].Personality and Social Psychology Review,2001,(3).
[7][19]辛自强,池丽萍.横断历史研究:以元分析考察社会变迁中的心理发展[J].华东师范大学学报(教育科学版),2008,(2).
[8][14]Xin,S.F.,&Xin,Z.Q.Birth cohort changes in Chinese college students’loneliness and social support:One up,as another down[J].International Journal of Behavioral Development,2016,(5);辛自强,等.1993至2009年大学生焦虑的变迁:一项横断历史研究[J].心理发展与教育,2011,(6).
[9]俞国良,等.高中生心理健康的横断历史研究[J].教育研究,2016,(10).
[10]Derogatis,L.R.,et al.(1973).SCL-90:An outpatient psychiatric rating scale-preliminary report[J].Psychopharmacology Bulletin,1973,(9).
[11]王勍,俞国良.初中生心理健康的横断历史研究[J].中国特殊教育,2017,(11).
[13][15][16]辛自强,张梅.1992年以来中学生心理健康的变迁:一项横断历史研究[J].心理学报,2009,(1).
[18]Cohen,J.Statistical power analysis[J].Current Directions in Psychological Science,1992,(3).
[20]辛自强,周正.大学生人际信任变迁的横断历史研究[J].心理科学进展,2012,(3).
[23]王浩,俞国良.高职院校心理健康教育的现状与对策研究[J].中国职业技术教育,2016,(2).
[24]刘燕.高职学生职业决策自我效能、社会支持与心理健康关系的实证研究[J].黑龙江高教研究,2011,(12).
[25]陈玉梅,高和平.高职生社会支持现状调查[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2007,(1).
[26]刘红.我国高等职业教育年度报告制度形成历程与发展状况-《2016中国高等职业教育质量年度报告》发布[J].中国职业技术教育,2016,(22).
[28]张丁香,顾昭明.高职学生心理健康状况调查研究[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2012,(5).
[29]李芬.大学生就业中的劳动力市场排斥-社会性别视角的探讨[J].当代青年研究,2007,(5).
[30]周群英,周文莲.就业性别歧视的文化机制分析[J].中国矿业大学学报(社会科学版),2006,(3).
[31]Easterlin,R.A.(1995).Will raising the incomes of all increase the happiness of all?[J].Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization,1995,(1);李路路,石磊.经济增长与幸福感-解析伊斯特林悖论的形成机制[J].社会学研究,2017,(3).