环面蜗轮滚刀螺旋槽前刀面设计及修正方法
|
摘要
为提高环面蜗轮滚刀的切削性能及滚齿效率,将滚刀的容屑槽设计成螺旋槽,减小刀齿两侧前角的绝对值,均衡两侧刃的切削条件。根据齿轮啮合理论和环面蜗杆成形原理,以滚刀基本蜗杆分度环面螺旋线的导程角和前刀面曲线的导程角互余为依据,提出一种由圆柱产形面变传动比展成环面蜗轮滚刀螺旋槽前刀面的方法;计算得到滚刀分度环面处的前角近似为0°,而刀齿左侧的前角从齿顶到齿根由正值变为负值,右侧前角从齿顶到齿根由负值变为正值,并且正前角和负前角的绝对值较大。进一步对滚刀前刀面进行修正,将修正后的滚刀模型导入VERICUT软件中,测量其前角,验证设计方法的正确性。结果表明,该方法能够解决滚刀两侧前角绝对值较大的问题,各刀齿左右两侧的前角控制在-0. 6°~0. 5°之间。
To improve the cutting performance and hobbing efficiency of an hourglass worm gear hob,it is necessary to design the flutes of the hob into spiral groove,reduce the absolute value of the rake angle on both sides of the cutting teeth,and equalize the cutting conditions on both sides of the blade. Based on the hourglass worm forming method and the gear meshing theory,a method for developing a helical groove with a cylindrical generating surface by changing the transmission ratio is proposed,and the idea behind the method is to ensure that the lead angles of the worm helix and the rake face curve are complementary in any cross section of the basic hob worm. The rake angles on the indexing cycle were both approximately zero,while the rake angles on the left side of the cutting tooth varied from positive to negative from the tooth top to the tooth root,and the rake angles on the right side of the cutting tooth varied from negative to positive from the tooth top to the tooth root. And the absolute values of positive and negative rake angles were larger. The rake face of the hob was further modified,and the modified hob model was introduced into the VERICUT software. The rake angles were measured to verify the correctness of the design method. The results show that the method can solve the problem that the absolute value of the rake angle on both sides of the hob is relatively large,and the rake angles on both sides of the cutting teeth are controlled between-0. 6° and 0. 5°.
To improve the cutting performance and hobbing efficiency of an hourglass worm gear hob,it is necessary to design the flutes of the hob into spiral groove,reduce the absolute value of the rake angle on both sides of the cutting teeth,and equalize the cutting conditions on both sides of the blade. Based on the hourglass worm forming method and the gear meshing theory,a method for developing a helical groove with a cylindrical generating surface by changing the transmission ratio is proposed,and the idea behind the method is to ensure that the lead angles of the worm helix and the rake face curve are complementary in any cross section of the basic hob worm. The rake angles on the indexing cycle were both approximately zero,while the rake angles on the left side of the cutting tooth varied from positive to negative from the tooth top to the tooth root,and the rake angles on the right side of the cutting tooth varied from negative to positive from the tooth top to the tooth root. And the absolute values of positive and negative rake angles were larger. The rake face of the hob was further modified,and the modified hob model was introduced into the VERICUT software. The rake angles were measured to verify the correctness of the design method. The results show that the method can solve the problem that the absolute value of the rake angle on both sides of the hob is relatively large,and the rake angles on both sides of the cutting teeth are controlled between-0. 6° and 0. 5°.
引文
[1]董学朱.环面蜗杆传动设计和修形[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004:14-15.DONG X Z. Design and modification of enveloping worm gearing[M]. Beijing:Machine Industry Press,2004:14-15(in Chinese).
[2]李海涛,董李扬.二次包络环面蜗轮滚刀侧后角面的设计方法:201310172562. X[P]. 2013-05-10.LI H T,DONG L Y. Design method of the relief surfaces of double enveloping hourglass worm gear hob:201310172562. X[P]. 2013-05-10(in Chinese).
[3]李海涛,柳冠伊.平面二次包络环面蜗轮滚刀侧后角面的数控磨削加工方法:201410613061. 5[P]. 2015-03-25.LI H T,LIU G Y. CNC grinding method of the relief surfaces of plane double enveloping hourglass worm gear hob:201410613061. 5[P]. 2015-03-25(in Chinese).
[4]唐建生.金属切削与刀具[M].武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,2009:188-189.TANG J S. Cutting and cutting tools[M]. Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology Press,2009:188-189(in Chinese).
[5] ZHAO Y P,SU D Z,ZHANG Z. Meshing analysis and technological parameters selection of dual tori double-enveloping toroidal worm drive[J]. Mechanism and Machine Theory,2010,45(9):1269-1285.
[6]周良墉.环面蜗杆修型原理及制造技术[M].长沙:国防科技大学出版社,2005:558-559.ZHOU L Y. The modification principle and manufacturing technology of hourglass worm[M]. Changsha:National University of Defense Technology Press,2005:558-559(in Chinese).
[7]董李扬.包络环面蜗杆副蜗轮滚刀数控加工技术的研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2013:15-20.DONG L Y. Research on NC machining technology of enveloping worm gear hob[D]. Beijing:China Agricultural University,2013:15-20(in Chinese).
[8]柳冠伊.包络环面蜗轮滚刀数控成形理论及技术研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2016:13-14.LIU G Y. Research on CNC relief grinding technology of enveloping worm gear hob[D]. Beijing:China Agricultural University,2016:13-14(in Chinese).
[9] GUNAY M. Investigation of the effect of rake angle on main cutting force[J]. International Journal of Machine Tools&Manufacture,2004,44(9):953-959.
[10] GUNAY M. Experimental investigation of the effect of cutting tool rake angle on main cutting force[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2005,166(1):44-49.
[11] SAGLAM H,UNSACAR F,YALDIZ S. Investigation of the effect of rake angle and approaching angle on main cutting force and tool tip temperature[J]. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture,2006,46(2):132-141.
[12] CHANG S L. Helix gash of hob cutter manufactured by milling[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2003,142(2):569-575.
[13]陈就,刘丰林,康权.一种滚刀径向铲磨优化方法[J].中国机械工程,2014,25(14):1883-1887.CHEN J,LIU F L,KANG Q. An optimization method for hob relief grinding[J]. China Mechanical Engineering,2014,25(14):1883-1887(in Chinese).
[14] DONG L Y,WANG J Y,LIU P Y,et al. An NC rough turning method of an enveloping toroidal worm[J]. International Journal of Production Engineering,2012,6(2):129-135.
[15] LIU G Y,WEI W J,DONG X Z,et al. Relief grinding of planar double-enveloping worm gear hob using a four-axis CNC grinding machine[J]. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2016,89(9-12):1-10.
[16] YANG J,LI H T,RUI C J,et al. Research on a generating method of spiral flutes of hourglass worm gear hob[C]∥Proceedings of the ASME Design Engineering Technical Conference. New York:ASME Press,2017:V010T11A023.
[17] RUI C J,LI H T,YANG J,et al. Research on incomplete design and generating theory of the relief surfaces of dual-cone double enveloping hourglass worm gear hob[C]∥Proceedings of the ASME Design Engineering Technical Conference. New York:ASME Press,2017:V010T11A022.
[18]舒勤业.双锥面二次包络环面蜗杆副及其关键制造装备的设计与研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2015:21-30.SHU Q Y. Design and research of dual-cone doublehourglass worm gear pair and its key manufacturing equipment[D]. Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2015:21-30(in Chinese).
[19]姜正健,张伟,李铸宇.微钻的前角计算及其钻削试验[J].大连工业大学学报,2011,30(2):145-147.JIANG Z J,ZHANG W,LI Z Y. Calculation of the rake angle of micro drill and drilling test[J]. Journal of Dalian Institute of Light Industry,2011,30(2):145-147(in Chinese).
[2]李海涛,董李扬.二次包络环面蜗轮滚刀侧后角面的设计方法:201310172562. X[P]. 2013-05-10.LI H T,DONG L Y. Design method of the relief surfaces of double enveloping hourglass worm gear hob:201310172562. X[P]. 2013-05-10(in Chinese).
[3]李海涛,柳冠伊.平面二次包络环面蜗轮滚刀侧后角面的数控磨削加工方法:201410613061. 5[P]. 2015-03-25.LI H T,LIU G Y. CNC grinding method of the relief surfaces of plane double enveloping hourglass worm gear hob:201410613061. 5[P]. 2015-03-25(in Chinese).
[4]唐建生.金属切削与刀具[M].武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,2009:188-189.TANG J S. Cutting and cutting tools[M]. Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology Press,2009:188-189(in Chinese).
[5] ZHAO Y P,SU D Z,ZHANG Z. Meshing analysis and technological parameters selection of dual tori double-enveloping toroidal worm drive[J]. Mechanism and Machine Theory,2010,45(9):1269-1285.
[6]周良墉.环面蜗杆修型原理及制造技术[M].长沙:国防科技大学出版社,2005:558-559.ZHOU L Y. The modification principle and manufacturing technology of hourglass worm[M]. Changsha:National University of Defense Technology Press,2005:558-559(in Chinese).
[7]董李扬.包络环面蜗杆副蜗轮滚刀数控加工技术的研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2013:15-20.DONG L Y. Research on NC machining technology of enveloping worm gear hob[D]. Beijing:China Agricultural University,2013:15-20(in Chinese).
[8]柳冠伊.包络环面蜗轮滚刀数控成形理论及技术研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2016:13-14.LIU G Y. Research on CNC relief grinding technology of enveloping worm gear hob[D]. Beijing:China Agricultural University,2016:13-14(in Chinese).
[9] GUNAY M. Investigation of the effect of rake angle on main cutting force[J]. International Journal of Machine Tools&Manufacture,2004,44(9):953-959.
[10] GUNAY M. Experimental investigation of the effect of cutting tool rake angle on main cutting force[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2005,166(1):44-49.
[11] SAGLAM H,UNSACAR F,YALDIZ S. Investigation of the effect of rake angle and approaching angle on main cutting force and tool tip temperature[J]. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture,2006,46(2):132-141.
[12] CHANG S L. Helix gash of hob cutter manufactured by milling[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2003,142(2):569-575.
[13]陈就,刘丰林,康权.一种滚刀径向铲磨优化方法[J].中国机械工程,2014,25(14):1883-1887.CHEN J,LIU F L,KANG Q. An optimization method for hob relief grinding[J]. China Mechanical Engineering,2014,25(14):1883-1887(in Chinese).
[14] DONG L Y,WANG J Y,LIU P Y,et al. An NC rough turning method of an enveloping toroidal worm[J]. International Journal of Production Engineering,2012,6(2):129-135.
[15] LIU G Y,WEI W J,DONG X Z,et al. Relief grinding of planar double-enveloping worm gear hob using a four-axis CNC grinding machine[J]. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2016,89(9-12):1-10.
[16] YANG J,LI H T,RUI C J,et al. Research on a generating method of spiral flutes of hourglass worm gear hob[C]∥Proceedings of the ASME Design Engineering Technical Conference. New York:ASME Press,2017:V010T11A023.
[17] RUI C J,LI H T,YANG J,et al. Research on incomplete design and generating theory of the relief surfaces of dual-cone double enveloping hourglass worm gear hob[C]∥Proceedings of the ASME Design Engineering Technical Conference. New York:ASME Press,2017:V010T11A022.
[18]舒勤业.双锥面二次包络环面蜗杆副及其关键制造装备的设计与研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2015:21-30.SHU Q Y. Design and research of dual-cone doublehourglass worm gear pair and its key manufacturing equipment[D]. Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2015:21-30(in Chinese).
[19]姜正健,张伟,李铸宇.微钻的前角计算及其钻削试验[J].大连工业大学学报,2011,30(2):145-147.JIANG Z J,ZHANG W,LI Z Y. Calculation of the rake angle of micro drill and drilling test[J]. Journal of Dalian Institute of Light Industry,2011,30(2):145-147(in Chinese).